超短波对鼠骨髓间充质干细胞增殖及成骨能力的影响

目的:探讨超短波对鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,rBMSCs)增殖及成骨分化能力的影响。方法:体外分离培养rBMSCs,取第2~4代rBMSCs置于超短波理疗仪上进行处理,1次/d,15 min/次,于1、4、7 d检测细胞增殖能力,3 d后检测细胞碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)分泌量,7 d后检测成骨基因Runx2表达量。结果:每日给予超短波处理的实验组细胞经连续培养7 d后,与不经超短波处理的对照组相比,其增殖能力明显提升(P＜0.05),Runx2表达明显上调(P＜0.05),ALP分泌量增多; 结论:超短波能促进SD大鼠rBMSCs增殖和成骨分化。     

3D打印羊椎骨粉/聚乙烯醇支架、纳米级羟基磷灰石/聚乙烯醇支架、羊椎骨粉/聚乙烯醇无孔骨板的性能比较

BACKGROUND: With the promotion of 3D printing technology, 3D printing scaffolds for bone tissue engineering have become the new ideas for jaw bone repair. OBJECTIVE: To compare the physical and biological properties of sheep vertebral bone meal/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) scaffold, nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA)/PVA scaffold, and sheep vertebral bone meal/PVA nonporous bone plate. METHODS: 3D printing technology was used to print sheep vertebral bone meal/PVA scaffold, nHA/PVA scaffold, and sheep vertebral bone meal/PVA nonporous bone plate. Porosity, morphology, water absorption rate and mechanical properties of different scaffolds were detected. Three kinds of scaffolds were all used to culture bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and cell proliferation ability was detected using cell counting kit-8 at 1, 4, 7 days of culture. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Under scanning electron microscope, the sheep vertebral bone meal/PVA scaffold and nHA/PVA scaffold exhibited regular and interconnected pores with good continuity and clear network structure; the sheep vertebral bone meal/PVA nonporous bone plate had no obvious pores; however, it had dense and evenly distributed micropores with different sizes on its surface. The porosity of nHA/PVA scaffold was lower than that of the sheep vertebral bone meal/PVA scaffold (P < 0.05). The water absorption rate was highest for the nHA/PVA scaffold followed by the sheep vertebral bone meal/PVA scaffold and the sheep vertebral bone meal/PVA nonporous bone plate (P < 0.05). In contrast, the scaffold toughness was highest for the sheep vertebral bone meal/PVA nonporous bone plate, followed by the sheep vertebral bone meal/PVA scaffold and nHA/PVA scaffold. In addition, the cell proliferation activity of cells cultured on the sheep vertebral bone meal/PVA scaffold was significantly higher than that cultured on the other two kinds of scaffolds. Taken together, the 3D printing sheep vertebral bone/PVA scaffold has good physical and chemical performance.     

兔下颌骨前牙区剩余牙槽嵴模型的建立

背景：建立合适的牙槽嵴缺损动物模型可为开展剩余牙槽嵴的保存、修复研究奠定基础。 目的：建立兔下颌骨前牙区剩余牙槽嵴实验动物模型。 方法：全麻下完整拔除18只新西兰大白兔双侧下颌中切牙建立兔下颌骨前牙区剩余牙槽嵴模型。术后4,8,12周,处死白兔,游标卡尺测量兔下颌剩余牙槽嵴的长度、宽度和高度,苏木精-伊红染色观察拔牙窝的愈合程度,X射线摄片观察兔下颌拔牙创内骨小梁改建情况。 结果与结论：随着手术时间的延长,牙槽嵴长度、宽度和高度均逐渐降低;拔牙窝内有成骨细胞散在分布,新生骨小梁和血管网逐渐形成,牙槽窝持续沉积新生骨组织,与周围牙槽骨界限不清,骨改建生成,拔牙创愈合。苏木精-伊红染色及X射线片均证实兔前牙区剩余牙槽嵴模型建立成功。     

两种不同分离方法对羊骨髓间充质干细胞生物活性的影响

背景：近几年关于鼠、兔等小型动物骨髓间充质干细胞的研究较多,如何获得大型动物羊的骨髓间充质干细胞的报道还较少。 目的：观察全骨髓培养法和密度梯度离心法对羊的骨髓间充质干细胞生物活性的影响。 方法：取健康2月龄的阿勒泰大尾羊,麻醉后于髂后上棘穿刺抽取骨髓,分别采用全骨髓培养法和密度梯度离心法提取羊骨髓间充质干细胞,倒置荧光显微镜观察原代骨髓间充质干细胞的细胞形态及贴壁情况,记录两组细胞首次传代时间,流式细胞仪检测CD44抗原表达,MTT法测定细胞的生长曲线,Von Kossa’s染色检测成骨诱导的分化潜能。 结果与结论：两种分离方法均能得到较均一的梭形,三角形和多边形的BMSCs,胞核大胞浆丰富,CD44抗原表达阳性。全骨髓培养法较密度梯度离心法的细胞数量较多,传代时间略早。骨髓间充质干细胞诱导培养至第14~21天,两组的Von Kossa染色均阳性。其中首次传代全骨髓贴壁法的传代细胞较密度梯度离心法的细胞贴壁较快,活力较好。提示全骨髓培养法是一种简单有效的提取方法。     

地方性氟中毒病区改水对中小学生龋患影响

目的 了解地方性氟中毒病区改水降氟对中、小学生龋患影响。方法 对奎屯氟中毒改水区２０２８名中、小学生进行口腔检查,记录其龋病情况,并与同区改水前、沿海城市及全国学生龋病流行病学最新报告对照。结果 改水后中、小学生患龋率较改水前略有升高,与对照区患龋率无差别,改水区中、小学生患龋率低于沿海城市及全国水平。结论 高氟区饮用水降氟不会直接引起患龋率升高,新疆奎屯改水区中、小学生患龋率处于全国较低水平。     

乌鲁木齐市牙周病人齿龈内阿米巴的调查报告

对111例口腔科牙周病人的齿龈内阿米巴调查,其感染率为36.04％。其中合并牙周炎与牙龈炎的感染率分别是52.27％和25.37％。牙周炎伴有脓血性分泌物及脓肿者感染率最高,可达83.33％。有牙石者(50.00％)明显高于无牙石者(25.40％)。根根调查我们认为在一定条件下齿龈内阿米巴与牙周病的病变有关。     

金属烤瓷固定修复牙列缺损255例临床评价

目的：研究应用金属烤瓷修复牙列缺损及残根残冠，并对其优点和临床操作出现的问题和处理方法进行探讨。方法：255例984个牙齿，采用金属烤瓷修复体。金属烤瓷固定桥197例，其中固位体708个，桥体218个，金属烤瓷全冠58例，经过3个月到一年半随访到223例。结果：优者198例，占88．79％，良者11例，占4．93％，差者14例，占6．28％。结论：金属烤瓷修复体不仅能达到外形自然逼真，而且坚固耐用，咀嚼功能良好，是目前理想的固定修复方法。不但适用于牙列缺损的固定修复，而且适用于残根残冠的保存治疗和错He畸形的修复性矫正治疗，具有较高的临床应用价值。     

固定式恒久牙周夹板的临床应用及研究进展

牙周炎患者经过系统治疗后,为了恢复美观和口腔功能,需要对松动牙和缺失牙进行夹板固定和修复治疗。固定式恒久性牙周夹板因具有足够的强度以及良好的美观性,已成为临床上常用的修复方法。现将近年来这方面的研究进展做一综述,并提出今后夹板修复过程中需进一步完善的问题。