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51.
Most surgical fires involve the airway but they can also occur in the surgical field. Herein, we report an intraoperative fire in the surgical field during repair of a bronchoesophageal fistula. During the portion of the surgery after the fistula was divided and the bronchus was open to atmosphere, continuous positive airway pressure was applied to the nondependent lung, and in conjunction with the use of electrocautery and dry sponges in the field, resulted in a fire. Anesthesia for thoracic surgery carries unique risks of fire because these patients frequently require large oxygen concentrations, special interventions for improving oxygenation, and have variable degrees of airway disruption. This report highlights unique safety concerns during anesthesia for thoracic surgery, and addresses more general safety issues relating to fire risk in all surgical patients. 相似文献
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Viscusi ER Martin G Hartrick CT Singla N Manvelian G;EREM Study Group 《Anesthesiology》2005,102(5):1014-1022
BACKGROUND: Epidural morphine has proven analgesic efficacy in the postoperative period and is widely used. This study evaluated the efficacy of extended-release epidural morphine (EREM; DepoDur; Endo Pharmaceuticals Inc., Chadds Ford, PA; SkyePharma, Inc., San Diego, CA) in providing pain relief for 48 h after surgery. METHODS: Patients (n = 200) scheduled to undergo total hip arthroplasty were randomized to receive a single dose of 15, 20, or 25 mg EREM or placebo. After surgery and after asking for pain medication, patients had access to intravenous patient-controlled analgesia fentanyl for breakthrough pain as needed. Postoperative intravenous patient-controlled analgesia fentanyl use, time to first postoperative fentanyl use, pain intensity at rest and with activity, patient and surgeon ratings of pain control, and adverse events were recorded. RESULTS: All EREM dosages reduced the mean (+/- SD) fentanyl use versus placebo (510 +/- 708 vs. 2,091 +/- 1,803 microg; P < 0.0001) and delayed the median time to first dose of fentanyl (21.3 vs. 3.6 h; P < 0.0001). All EREM groups had significantly improved pain control at rest through 48 h postdose (area under the curve [0-48 h]) compared with placebo (P < 0.0005). More EREM-treated patients rated their pain control as good or very good compared with placebo (at 24 h: 90 vs. 65%, P < 0.0001; at 48 h: 83 vs. 67%, P < 0.05). No supplemental analgesia was needed in 25% of EREM-treated patients and 2% of placebo-treated patients at 48 h (P < 0.05). The safety profile of EREM was consistent with that of other epidurally administered opioid analgesics. CONCLUSIONS: EREM provided significant postoperative pain relief over a 48-h period after hip surgery, without the need for indwelling epidural catheters. 相似文献
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Naproxen has a propensity to cause ulcers whereas zinc ions are known to possess an anti-ulcer and anti-inflammatory activity. Therefore, zinc complex of naproxen was prepared by adding zinc sulfate to an aqueous solution of sodium naproxen and its structure was characterized by IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR, UV, DSC, atomic absorption spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Anti-inflammatory studies, using the carrageenan-induced hind paw oedema showed that there was a significant difference (P<0.05, ANOVA plotted by Dunnet’s test) in the anti-inflammatory activity of naproxen, its zinc complex, and the physical mixture of naproxen and zinc sulfate. In addition, zinc complex of naproxen showed a significant reduction in ulcers (lesion index (LI)) as compared to that of naproxen and physical mixture of naproxen and zinc sulfate. Thus, the use of the complex may be preferable to naproxen alone. 相似文献
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Tanzeer Kaur Rakesh K. Bijarnia Surinder K. Singla Chanderdeep Tandon 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2009