脓毒症心肌损害新生大鼠模型的建立

【摘要】 目的 建立一种具有良好稳定性及重复性的能模拟新生儿脓毒症（NS）心肌损害的新生大鼠动物模型,为研究NS致病机制及防治提供模型动物。方法 选取出生10天的健康雄性SD新生大鼠54只,随机分为正常对照组、假手术组（Sham组）、盲肠结扎穿孔术组（CLP组）,每组各18只。通过观察血培养菌落生长,采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）对血清肌钙蛋白I（cTNI）浓度、心肌组织肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF α）和白细胞介素1β（IL 1β）含量进行检测,光镜下观察HE染色后心肌组织的病理变化。结果 正常对照组和Sham组新生大鼠的血培养结果均为阴性,CLP组新生大鼠的血培养中检出以大肠杆菌为主的菌落。正常对照组新生大鼠的血清cTNI浓度、心肌组织TNF α和IL 1β含量和Sham组比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;CLP组新生大鼠的血清cTNI浓度、心肌组织TNF α和IL 1β含量较Sham组明显增加（P＜0.05）。正常对照组和Sham组的心肌组织HE染色示心肌细胞均未出现炎性改变,但CLP组心肌细胞周围出现了炎性细胞浸润等病理改变。结论 通过盲肠结扎穿孔可建立较为理想的脓毒症心肌损害新生大鼠模型。     

白内障超声乳化联合机械性房角分离治疗闭角型青光眼

目的：观察前房角镜辅助下的机械性房角分离术联合超声乳化白内障摘除和IOL植入治疗原发性闭角型青光眼(PACG)合并白内障的疗效。

方法：选取45例52眼房角镜下粘连性房角关闭≥180°的PACG合并白内障患者,接受前房角镜辅助下的机械性房角分离术联合超声乳化白内障摘除。术后随访6mo,观察并记录患者术前和术后1、2、3、6mo的最佳矫正视力、眼压、房角粘连范围,以及术中和术后并发症。

结果：术前眼压为33.92±5.45mmHg,术后1、2、3、6mo眼压分别为15.40±2.67、15.65±2.65、15.57±2.50、16.17±2.65mmHg,术后眼压较术前均明显降低(均P<0.01)。

结论：超声乳化白内障摘除联合前房角镜辅助下房角分离术对于PACG疗效确切。     

三种置管用于治疗泪道阻塞效果比较

目的：比较采用泪道逆行置管、双套环顺行置管、泪道U形置管治疗泪道阻塞患者的治疗效果。

方法：前瞻性研究。选取2015-07/2018-06在我院诊治的108例108眼泪道阻塞患者,随机分为三组,A组行泪道逆行置管术36例36眼,B组行双套环顺行置管术36例36眼,C组行泪道U形置管术36例36眼,术后随访6mo,比较三组患者术中出血量、手术时间、住院时间、治疗疗效以及并发症和泪道阻塞复发情况。

结果：三组患者术中出血量、手术时间、住院时间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组的治疗总有效率为91.7%,B组为94.4%,C组为97.2%(P>0.05)。A组并发症发生率为11.1%,高于B组的5.6%,高于C组的2.8%(P=0.010); A组泪道阻塞复发率为9.1%,高于B组的5.9%,高于C组的5.9%(P=0.029)。

结论：泪道逆行置管、双套环顺行置管、泪道U形置管用于治疗泪道阻塞患者的疗效均较高,术后发生并发症和泪道阻塞复发较少,但泪道逆行置管术可减少术中出血量、手术时间,泪道U形置管术可减少患者住院时间。     

基于双通道技术的视觉质量分析系统在评估轻度圆锥角膜视觉质量中的应用

探讨视觉质量分析系统（OQAS）测量圆锥角膜眼与正常角膜眼之间视觉质量的差异。方法：横断面研究。选取正常角膜屈光不正患者32例（32眼）作为对照组,圆锥角膜患者27例（27眼）作为圆锥角膜组。采用OQAS测量每组在3、4、5 mm的人工瞳孔直径下的视觉质量参数调制传递函数截止频率（MTFcutoff）、Strehl比、不同对比度下的OQAS值（OV-100、OV-20、OV-9）,组间差异采用独立样本t检验或Mann-Whitney U检验,组内差异采用重复测量资料方差分析及Bonferroni校正。结果：圆锥角膜组在人工瞳孔分别为3、4、5 mm时的MTFcutoff、Strehl比、OV-100、OV-20、OV-9均低于对照组（3 mm：t=6.658、6.695、6.660、6.493、6.778;4 mm：t=7.106、6.567、7.109、6.802、6.788; 5 mm：t=6.148、7.254、6.158、6.446、7.210;P均<0.001）。对照组及圆锥角膜组内MTFcutoff、Strehl比、 OV-100、OV-20、OV-9 在不同人工瞳孔大小的组内比较差异有统计学意义（对照组：F=42.205、 28.335、42.559、32.621、30.372;圆锥角膜组：F=15.732、11.533、15.625、13.870、10.495;均 P<0.001）。结论：双通道OQAS测量结果表明圆锥角膜的视觉质量较正常眼明显下降,圆锥角膜及正常眼的视觉质量均随着瞳孔增大而下降。     

Rehabilitation assessment for lower limb disability based on multi-disciplinary approaches

Low limb rehabilitation training is recognized as a very effective technique to facilitate body recovery. To make rehabilitation more efficient, we need to monitor the whole progress and detect how well the patient improves. The physician could make an optimal treatment plan according to the patient’s improvement only when the patient’s condition is correctly evaluated. Also, it is essential to provide a rehabilitation assessment system which would enable more accurate tracking of patient’s status and minimize the requirement of time-consuming manual evaluations conducted by skilled person. Traditionally, clinical rehabilitation assessment is performed manually, which is not only coarse but also time-consuming. In this paper, we propose an objective, quantitative and manual-independent assessment system for lower extremity rehabilitation. Four predictive variables, i.e. rang of motion (ROM), movement smoothness, trajectory error, and improved L-Z complexity of electromyographic signal (EMG), are explored besides conventional clinical assessment scales. A cost-effective and wearable human-independent device which mainly consists of two sensors (MPU6050 and HMC5883L), is developed to measure the ROM, movement smoothness and trajectory error. What’s more, a 3D leg model is employed to visualize the leg motion in real-time on PC screen to increase the entertainment. Those physical quantities are more sensitive at the early stage of rehabilitation. And when the basic body function is recovered, the subtle rehabilitation improvement can only be detected by the intrinsic EMG signal. Therefore an improved L-Z complexity of EMG is applied to combine with physical assessment metrics. Compared with traditional L-Z complexity, the improved one proposed in this paper could reflect more precisely the underlying property of EMG signal. The future work is to integrate all the evaluation metrics, thus we introduce a BP network to quantize a final assessment outcome.     

急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)复发患儿化疗后合并侵袭性真菌感染一例(英文)

真菌感染在血液系统疾病尤其是血液系统恶性疾病中十分常见。血液系统恶性疾病伴肺部真菌感染多表现为发热、咳嗽及肺部影像学改变。但是,肺部的X线及CT等影像学改变多无特异性。本例病例中,急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿在强化疗后出现粒细胞缺乏伴发热,经强有力的抗生素治疗无效。患儿给予经验性抗真菌治疗,最后予威凡片剂治疗后好转。患儿在抗真菌治疗的同时行小剂量化疗,最终患儿白血病治愈,肺部侵袭性真菌感染控制。     

Buformin suppresses proliferation and invasion via AMPK/S6 pathway in cervical cancer and synergizes with paclitaxel

Buformin is an old anti-diabetic agent and manifests potent anti-tumor activities in several malignancies. In the present study, we aimed to explore the functions of buformin in human cervical cancer. As our data shown, buformin exhibited significant anti-proliferative effects in a dose-dependent manner in 4 cervical cancer cell lines. Compared to the control, buformin notably suppressed colony formation and increased ROS production in C33A, Hcc94 and SiHa cells. Flow cytometric analysis showed that buformin induced marked cell cycle arrest but only resulted in mild apoptosis. The invasion of C33A and SiHa cells sharply declined with buformin treatment. Consistently, western blotting showed that buformin activated AMPK and suppressed S6, cyclin D1, CDK4, and MMP9. Moreover, we found that buformin enhanced glucose uptake and LDH activity, increased lactate level, while decreased ATP production in cervical cancer cells. In addition, low doses of buformin synergized with routine chemotherapeutic drugs (such as paclitaxel, cisplatin, and 5-FU) to achieve more significant anti-tumor effects. In vivo, a single use of buformin exerted moderate anti-tumor effects, and the combination with buformin and paclitaxel exhibited even greater suppressive effects. Buformin also consistently showed synergistic effects with paclitaxel in treating primary cultures of cervical cancer cells. Take together, we are the first to demonstrate that buformin suppresses cellular proliferation and invasion through the AMPK/S6 signaling pathway, which arrests cell cycle and inhibits cellular invasion. Buformin also could synergize with routine chemotherapies, producing much more powerful anti-tumor effects. With these findings, we strongly support buformin as a potent choice for treating cervical cancer, especially in combination with routine chemotherapy.