高龄髋部骨折患者围术期D-二聚体的测定及临床意义

目的探讨围术期高龄髋部骨折患者血液中D-二聚体(D-D)水平的变化及其临床意义。方法对60例80岁以上髋部骨折患者手术前、手术后血液中D-D水平进行检测。手术前包括入院时(T1)、即将手术时(T2),T后包括手术后即刻(T3)和手术后第1天(T4)。结果 T1、T2、T3、T4D-D阳性率分别为6.67%、16.67%、41.67%、80.00%,T3、T4与T1、T2相比,T3与T4相比,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);T1与T2相比,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论高龄髋部骨折患者手术前后D-D水平变化显著,D-D水平的变化是反映下肢深静脉血栓的有效指标,对于高龄髋部骨折患者围术期进行D-D水平动态监测有着极其重要的临床意义。     

泸州市基层疾病预防控制机构人力结构现状分析

目的：：了解泸州市基层疾病预防控制机构人力结构现状,为建立合理的疾病预防控制机构人才队伍提供依据。方法：采用全市普查的方法,应用问卷对泸州市基层疾病预防控制中心人员结构进行调查。结果：泸州市基层疾病预防控制机构在编人数266人、占84.98%;以初级职称(69.82%)与中级职称(25.68%)为主,叙永县无高级职称人员;除江阳区与龙马潭区疾病预防控制中心人员女性比例大于男性外,其余地区男性所占比例均高于女性;江阳区、纳溪区和叙永县疾病预防控制中心40岁以上的人员比例分别为52.43%、52.78%、85.96%,泸县疾病预防控制中心35岁以下人员占50.00%;泸州市各区县疾病预防控制中心人员学历均以本科(37.28%)、大专(41.94%)为主;专业以预防医学(20.43%)和临床医学专业(24.73%)为主,检验专业、其他医学专业和卫生事业管理专业人员比例分别为15.77%、13.98%、7.53%。结论：泸州市基层疾病预防控制机构人员编制不足,缺乏高职称人员,年龄结构不合理,高等学历人才匮乏,专业结构单一,个别县或区情况较严重。     

Expression of HMGB1/RAGE protein in renal carcinoma and its clinical significance

Objective: To investigate the expression of high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) and its receptor, receptor for advanced glycation end-product (RAGE), in renal cancer tissue and surrounding normal tissue and to analyze the relationship between the expression level of the protein and receptor as well as the clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis in renal cancer patients. Methods: A total of 80 renal carcinoma patients who were surgically treated in our hospital from February 2004 to December 2012 were included in this study. Normal paratumoral tissues were collected as a control. All diagnoses were confirmed with a postoperative pathological examination. All patients had complete pathological data. The expression of HMGB1/RAGE proteins in renal cancer tissue and paratumoral tissue was examined using immunohistochemical methods. Results: The positive expression rate of HMGB1 was 71% in renal cancer tissue, which was significantly higher than that in the paratumoral normal tissue (25%). The positive expression rate of RAGE was 72% in renal cancer tissue, which was significantly higher than that in the paratumoral normal tissue (27%). Further analysis did not indicate a correlation between the positive expression of HMGB1 and RAGE proteins and gender, age and tumor size (P > 0.05), whereas the expression patterns were shown to correlate with tumor differentiation, clinical stage and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). The expression of HMGB1 exhibited a significant positive correlation with RAGE level (P < 0.05), the expression of HMGB1/RAGE proteins exhibited a negative correlation with the prognosis of patients, and the five-year survival rate of patients with positive expression was significantly lower than that of patients with negative expression (P < 0.05). Conclusion: HMGB1/RAGE exhibited significantly elevated expression in renal cancer tissues that was closely related to the clinical prognosis of patients; thus, the expression levels may become a new target in the treatment of renal carcinoma.     

右旋美托咪啶对惊厥性癫痫持续状态大鼠认知功能和神经炎症的影响

目的 惊厥性癫痫持续状态(CSE)是一种神经元异常放电引起的严重神经系统疾病,能导致海马损伤和认知障碍。该研究旨在探讨右旋美托咪啶(DEX)对CSE大鼠认知功能和神经炎症的影响。方法 90只Sprague-Dawley大鼠均分为对照组、CSE组和DEX组。Morris水迷宫试验测量认知功能。进行急性海马切片以检测长时程增强(LTP)。免疫组织化学法检测海马α7烟碱乙酰胆碱受体(α7-nAChR)的表达。酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定海马组织白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β),肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α),S-100β和脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)水平。结果 DEX明显改善CSE引起的认知功能障碍、降低癫痫发作严重程度、增加LTP的振幅和持续时间。DEX增加CSE大鼠海马组织α7-nAChR表达,降低海马IL-1β,TNF-α和S-100β水平,增加BDNF水平。α7-nAChR激动剂尼古丁可以模拟DEX对癫痫发作严重程度和LTP的改善作用,但DEX的作用可以被α-银环蛇毒素(α-BGT)减弱。结论 DEX显著改善CSE大鼠的空间认知功能障碍,癫痫发作严重程度降低和LTP增加,与DEX激活胆碱能抗炎通路密切相关。     

局部应用唑来膦酸与纳米银对即刻种植骨结合影响的比较

背景:有研究表明局部应用唑来膦酸和局部应用纳米银都可促进骨形成,但两者效果的差异尚未见研究报道。目的:观察局部应用唑来膦酸和局部应用纳米银对兔拔牙窝即刻种植钛螺纹钉骨结合的影响差异。方法:将24只新西兰大白兔随机分为唑来膦酸和纳米银组,每组12只,在拔除兔上下颌4个切牙后,分别在2组的拔牙窝内填唑来膦酸-纳米羟基磷灰石复合物和纳米银-纳米羟基磷灰石混合物,并均同期植入钛螺纹钉。术后4,8,12周取兔上、下颌骨离体标本,通过一般形态观察、扭矩测试、骨密度检测及组织形态学观察。实验于2015年12月经河北医科大学第三医院医学伦理委员会批准(批准号:Z2015-021-1)。结果与结论:①扭矩力学实验测试结果显示,两组钛钉扭矩峰值的平均值随着时间延长而增加(扭矩峰值平均值数值),均在12周时达到最大(扭矩峰值平均值数值),术后4,8,12周,唑来膦酸组钛螺纹钉扭矩峰值平均值均略高于同期纳米银组,唑来膦酸组钛螺纹钉稳定性略优于纳米银组,但差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);②一般形态和组织学观察发现,术后4,8,12周唑来膦酸组种植体周围骨硬度和结构均明显优于同期纳米银组;③骨密度分析结果显示,术后4,8,12周,唑来膦酸组钛螺纹钉周围骨组织灰度值略高于同期纳米银组,但差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);④结果证实,从植入材料对影响种植体周围骨替代材料成骨的效果来看,用唑来膦酸纳米羟基磷灰石复合物进行即刻种植骨结合的效果略优于纳米银与纳米羟基磷灰石混合植骨。     

Association of an insertion/deletion polymorphism in IL1A 3′-UTR with risk for cervical carcinoma in Chinese Han Women

Emerging evidence has demonstrated that polymorphisms of interleukin-1 (IL-1) may be involved in human tumorigenesis by regulating the production of this cytokine. Previous studies have investigated the association between two genetic variants (rs3783553 and rs17561) of IL1A and many diseases. The present study was conducted to evaluate whether these two variants are associated with cervical carcinoma (CC). These two polymorphisms were genotyped in 319 CC patients and 424 healthy controls by polymerase chain reaction polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PCR-PAGE) and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Significantly reduced CC risk was observed to be associated with the insertion allele of rs3783553 (P = 0.014, OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.57–0.88). Stratification analysis based on different certain clinical features showed that patients with the heterozygous genotype were associated with a reduced predisposition advancing to clinical stage II-III or developing non-squamous cell carcinoma. Furthermore, patients with the insertion homozygous genotype were also associated with a reduced risk to have a poor tumor differentiation. No significant association was observed between rs17561 and CC. The present study provided evidence that the rs3783553 in IL1A 3′-UTR is inversely associated with CC risk, suggesting an important role IL-1α may play in cervical carcinogenesis.     

湿疹、血小板减少伴免疫缺陷综合征1例临床表型及基因突变分析

目的:对1例四川籍湿疹、血小板减少伴免疫缺陷综合征儿童(Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome,WAS)临床表现及分子遗传学特征进行分析,为其家系成员提供病因诊断和遗传咨询。方法:收集在我院诊治的1例WAS患儿的临床病例资料,抽取患儿外周静脉血,常规提取基因组DNA,采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增WASP基因,对扩增产物进行测序和序列分析,寻找基因突变位点,进行基因诊断。结果:(1)患儿系1岁4月男性,生后1月即出现血小板减少,伴有湿疹、反复上呼吸道感染史,此次因发热、间断血便入院,血清IgA升高,给予丙种球蛋白及激素治疗效果不佳,临床评分为3分;(2)WASP基因Exon1存在无意义突变c.100CT(p.Arg 34x),编码蛋白质提前终止于氨基酸第34位,导致蛋白缺失;WASP基因Exon11上存在错义突变c.1378CT(P.Pro460Ser)。结论:根据患儿临床表现、实验室检查及分子遗传学检测结果,可临床诊断为WAS患者。     

Immunochromatographic assay for melamine based on luminescent quantum dot beads as signaling probes

To screen and detect the harmful substance melamine (MEL), a quantum-dot-bead-based immunochromatographic assay (QB-ICA) was formulated. After optimization, calibration was performed within the linear range from 0.06 to 0.28 ng mL⁻¹, with limit of detection (LOD) of 0.04 ng mL⁻¹. The LOD was 35 times lower than that of ICA that used colloidal gold nanoparticles (LOD = 1.4 ng mL⁻¹) and 40 times lower than that of the assay based on quantum dots (LOD = 1.6 ng mL⁻¹). In the detection of MEL in spiked pure milk using the proposed QB-ICA strategy, the LOD (LOD = 0.19 ng mL⁻¹) of the samples with the proposed pretreatment was 18.4 times lower than those of the samples without pretreatment (LOD = 3.5 ng mL⁻¹). The performance and practicability of the proposed QB-ICA system was validated; the obtained results reveal that QB-ICA is comparable with the conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, but with enhanced applicability. Given its high sensitivity and practicability, the QB-ICA strategy could become a worthwhile alternative for the rapid, sensitive, and quantitative onsite detection of harmful substances, facilitating food safety monitoring.

An immunochromatographic assay using quantum dot beads as a label was established for melamine detection in milk with fast and effective pretreatment.     

冠心病辨证分型的客观化研究

冠心病(CHD)是一种常见的心血管疾病,属中医"胸痹心痛","厥(真)心痛"范畴.20世纪70年代起我国开始了冠心病中医辨证分型研究.现在,冠心病中医证型研究已广泛结合现代医学的客观指标和量化手段,无论是在中医辨证分型,还是证型客观化方面,都取得了丰硕的成果,使冠心病中医辨证论治体系更加规范化和客观化,从而提高了冠心病辨证论治的水平.笔者就近年来冠心病中医证型客观化研究进展作一简要评述.