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排序方式: 共有1749条查询结果,搜索用时 329 毫秒
991.
Background
There is a considerable body of literature which indicates that contrast thresholds for the detection of sinusoidal grating patterns are abnormally high in glaucoma, though just how these elevations are related to the location of visual field loss remains unknown. Our aim, therefore, has been to determine the relationship between contrast threshold elevation and visual field loss in corresponding regions of the peripheral visual field in glaucoma patients. 相似文献992.
Three dimensional imaging of the myocardium with radionuclides 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
993.
Konopka W Duniec K Mioduszewska B Proszynski T Jaworski J Kaczmarek L 《Neurobiology of disease》2005,19(1-2):283-292
To advance our understanding of the central nervous system, there is a need for refined approaches to control gene expression in neuronal culture as well as in the brain in vivo. In this study, we have applied a doxycycline-responsive Tet system to obtain a tightly controlled gene expression in neurons. In the absence of doxycycline, the Tet promoter-driven transgene expression was blocked by Tet transrepressor (tTR). Expression was doxycycline activated with the aid of a reverse Tet transactivator (rtTA). Application of both tTR and rtTA resulted in a much greater inducibility, as compared to rtTA alone, mainly due to a decreased basal level of expression. Such effects were observed when tTR and rtTA were driven in cultured neurons by the alpha CaMKII promoter. However, introduction of the human CMV major immediate-early promoter resulted only in a mediocre neuronal gene expression, unless the cells were treated, either in culture or in vivo, with depolarizing concentrations of KCl. Thus, in the present report, we have examined hCMV and Tet promoter inducibility in neurons to produce an important improvement in the functioning of the Tet system. 相似文献
994.
JL.?NovellaEmail author F.?Boyer C.?Jochum N.?Jovenin I.?Morrone D.?Jolly S.?Bakchine F.?Blanchard 《Quality of life research》2006,15(5):811-819
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to examine the level of agreement between health status ratings provided by patients
with Alzheimer’s disease and by their proxies. Background: Because proxy-completed responses are often necessary in assessing health outcomes for the elderly, it is necessary to determine
the feasibility and potential limitations of using proxies as a patient substitutes. Methods: To assess the potential utility of proxy responses on health status when subjects present a cognitive impairment, this study
compared the responses of 70 subjects with Alzheimer‘s disease and those of their family and/or care provider proxy using
the SF-36. Agreement between proxies and patients was measured by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Results: The proportion of exact agreement between patients and proxies on the 36 items ranged from 3.3 to 41.7%. Results reveal
poor to moderate agreement between patient and proxy reports. Proxy reliability varied according to the relationship of the
proxy to the index subject. Agreement decreased significantly with increasing severity of dementia and with increasing severity
of Physical status (Katz ADL). Agreement was better for measures of functions that are directly observable and relatively
poor for more subjective measures. Conclusions: Our results confirm the importance of the information source used for patient health status. 相似文献
995.
Charles E. Riggs Jr. Dewayne J. Johnson Barbara J. Konopka Robert D. Kilgour 《European journal of applied physiology》1981,47(4):323-330
Summary The heart rate responses of physically untrained men to exercise with and without facial cooling were determined. Cold wind
(10‡ C, 6.5 m·s−1, or 2‡ C, 6.5 m·s−1) was directed at the faces of the subjects during a 16 min bout of progressively intense exercise. The 10‡ C wind resulted
in a significant (p<0.05) lowering of heart rate that appeared to be associated with a decline in forehead temperature at 4, 6, and 8 min of
exercise. No differences were observed for blood pressure or rectal temperature. The significant (p<0.05) reduction in heart rate with the 2‡ C cold wind did not appear to be associated with changes in facial temperature.
The 2‡ C wind also resulted in a persistent peripheral vasoconstriction (p<0.05). The results suggest that the heart rate response to facial cooling during exercise is mediated not through a reflex
associated with increased stroke volume but rather via a central thermoregulatory response. 相似文献
996.
Patient satisfaction with the management of infertility 总被引:5,自引:5,他引:5
Souter VL; Penney G; Hopton JL; Templeton AA 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(7):1831-1836
The objective of this study was to assess patient satisfaction with the
investigation and initial management of infertility. A postal questionnaire
survey was carried out of 1366 women attending outpatient clinics for the
investigation and initial management of infertility at 12 hospitals
throughout Scotland. The response rate to the questionnaire was 59%
(806/1366). Overall, 87% of responders were satisfied or very satisfied
with their care but a number of deficiencies were identified. Thirty-nine
per cent had never been asked to bring their partner to the clinic and 86%
felt they had not been given enough help with the emotional aspects of
infertility. Forty- seven per cent felt they were not given a clear plan
for the future and 23% of those who had been given drug treatments reported
receiving little or no information about the treatment or possible
side-effects. Overall, only a third had been given any written information
and 78% expressed a wish for more written information. Women ranked 'the
information and explanation given' and the 'attitude of the doctor at the
clinic' highly in comparison to other aspects of their care, including
'help with the emotional aspects of infertility'. In general women were
satisfied with their care but improvements may be made by giving more
explanation and written information and by adopting a more couple-centred
approach. Where resources allow, clinics should take steps to address the
emotional aspects of infertility.
相似文献
997.
998.
999.
Edirisinghe WR; Murch A; Junk S; Yovich JL 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(12):2784-2791
In the present study we have assessed the cytogenetic abnormalities of
unfertilized oocytes from in-vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic
sperm injection (ICSI) programmes during a one year period (July 1995 to
July 1996) with the cytogenetic analysis being carried out in a
double-blind manner. A total of 88 unfertilized ICSI and 85 unfertilized
IVF oocytes were used for the study and of these 51 and 62 oocytes, in each
respective group, were suitable for analysis. The haploidy, diploidy and
aneuploidy rates between ICSI (62.7, 7.8 and 5.9%) and IVF (61.3, 9.7 and
14.5%) groups were similar. A significant inter-patient variation in the
incidence of hypohaploidy was observed within the IVF group. Chromosomal
fragmentation or breakage was observed at a similar rate in both groups of
unfertilized oocytes (23.5 and 14.5% for ICSI and IVF respectively). A
significantly higher proportion of ICSI oocytes contained sperm nuclei
(27/51, 52.9%) than did IVF oocytes (20/62, 32.3%, P < 0.01). The
distribution and state of sperm head chromatin in relation to oocyte
chromosomal complement was studied in both groups. ICSI oocytes contained
decondensed or swollen sperm nuclei in association with haploid oocyte
chromosomes (12/27, 44.4%) or condensed sperm heads in oocytes showing no
chromosomal complements (7/27, 25.9%). In IVF oocytes sperm heads were
either arrested in the condensed state (5/20, 25%), metaphase stage (3/20,
15%) or had undergone premature chromosome condensation (PCC; 6/20, 30%) in
association with haploid oocyte chromosomes. The incidence of PCC was
similar in the two groups. A marked variation in the incidence of total
chromosomal abnormality was observed between patients within both ICSI
(0-75%) and IVF (0-71%) groups indicating a possible similarity in oocyte
quality between the majority of male factor and tubal infertility patients.
The type of sperm used in the two fertilization procedures showed an
increased incidence of chromosomal breakage with ICSI-MESA (microepididymal
sperm aspiration) spermatozoa (4/6, 67%) compared to the ICSI-ejaculated
(6/35, 17.1%; P < 0.05), ICSI-testicular biopsy (2/10, 20%) and
IVF-normospermic (9/62, 14.5%; P < 0.01) spermatozoa. Chromosomal
fragmentation may be associated with the degree of difficulty experienced
at sperm injection, especially with sperm retrieved from the reproductive
tract. Thus chromosomal fragmentation in ICSI may need further
investigation using a larger sample size in order to assess the possible
causative factors.
相似文献
1000.
CD79 alpha/CD79 beta heterodimers are expressed on pro-B cell surfaces without associated mu heavy chain 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Koyama M; Ishihara K; Karasuyama H; Cordell JL; Iwamoto A; Nakamura T 《International immunology》1997,9(11):1767-1772
During B cell development, the surface expression of CD79 alpha/CD79 beta
heterodimers had been thought to begin in the pre-B cell stage where the
heterodimers constitute pre-B cell receptors together with mu heavy and
surrogate light chains. Thereafter, in mature B cells, CD79 alpha/CD79 beta
associates with surface Ig to form B cell antigen receptors. In this study,
we revealed by using newly established mAb that CD79 beta was expressed on
the surface of pro-B cells which had not undergone the productive Ig gene
rearrangement. Biochemical analysis showed that CD79 beta on pro-B cells
existed either as monomers or as disulfide-linked heterodimers with CD79
alpha, non- covalently associated with four unidentified membrane
molecules. Our finding that CD79 beta is expressed on earlier B-lineage
cells than previously expected coincides with the recent study in which
CD79 beta- deficient mice exhibit a blockade of B cell differentiation at
the pro- B cell stage. Thus, it is speculated that the CD79 beta-containing
complexes on pro-B cell surfaces may function to induce early B cell
differentiation.
相似文献