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81.
Mushroom ingestion 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
H G Bivins R Knopp R Lammers D B McMicken O Wolowodiuk 《Annals of emergency medicine》1985,14(11):1099-1104
82.
The glycoprotein of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) contains nine potential N-linked glycosylation sites. We investigated the function of these N-glycosylations by using alanine-scanning mutagenesis. All the available sites were occupied on GP1 and two of three on GP2. N-linked glycan mutations at positions 87 and 97 on GP1 resulted in reduction of expression and absence of cleavage and were necessary for downstream functions, as confirmed by the loss of GP-mediated fusion activity with T87A and S97A mutants. In contrast, T234A and E379N/A381T mutants impaired GP-mediated cell fusion without altered expression or processing. Infectivity via virus-like particles required glycans and a cleaved glycoprotein. Glycosylation at the first site within GP2, not normally utilized by LCMV, exhibited increased VLP infectivity. We also confirmed the role of the N-linked glycan at position 173 in the masking of the neutralizing epitope GP-1D. Taken together, our results indicated a strong relationship between fusion and infectivity. 相似文献
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84.
Tong J Utzschneider KM Carr DB Zraika S Udayasankar J Gerchman F Knopp RH Kahn SE 《Diabetologia》2007,50(2):439-442
Aims/hypothesis Pancreatic polypeptide (PP) is produced by the F-cells of the pancreas, and its plasma concentration has been used as a marker
of parasympathetic activity. Recent work in rodents suggests that there is both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation
of white adipose tissue and that parasympathetic activity is anabolic resulting in lipid accumulation. We have examined whether
in humans increased PP levels are associated with increased intra-abdominal fat (IAF), and thereby insulin resistance.
Materials and methods We measured PP levels in 177 non-diabetic subjects (75 male/102 female; age 32–75 years) 3 min after an i.v. glucose bolus
during a frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test. IAF and s.c. fat (SCF) areas were measured by CT scan. The
insulin sensitivity index (S
I) was quantified using Bergman’s minimal model.
Results PP levels were higher in men than in women (96.2 ± 72.2 vs 76.1 ± 55.0 pg/ml, mean ± SD, p = 0.037), as was IAF area (124.7 ± 67.4 vs 83.0 ± 57.7 cm2, p < 0.001). While PP levels were significantly associated with IAF (r = 0.16, p = 0.031), WHR (r = 0.30, p < 0.001) and age (r = 0.37, p < 0.01), they were not associated with SCF (r = 0.02, p = 0.829). The association between PP and IAF was not independent of age and/or sex. S
I was negatively associated with PP levels (r = −0.17, p = 0.026) and IAF area (r = −0.65, p < 0.001). The association between S
I and PP disappeared after adjusting for IAF area, indicating that S
I was not a major determinant of PP levels.
Conclusions/interpretation In humans, age and sex may modulate the association between plasma PP level and IAF area, suggesting that they may be determinants
of parasympathetic activity and thus IAF accumulation. 相似文献
85.
McKenney JM Jones PH Bays HE Knopp RH Kashyap ML Ruoff GE McGovern ME 《Atherosclerosis》2007,192(2):432-437
International guidelines recommend lower target cholesterol levels and treatment of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and elevated triglycerides for patients at moderately high to high coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. Combination therapy is often required to achieve multiple lipid treatment goals, and > or =50% reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is needed in some patients to achieve aggressive LDL-C targets. In this context, we evaluated comparative effects on lipid levels of combination therapy at low to moderate doses with a statin plus extended-release niacin (niacin ER), a statin plus ezetimibe, and a highly potent statin alone. This was an open-label, multicenter, 12-week study in 292 patients (50% women) who qualified for drug therapy based on number of CHD risk factors. Patients were randomized to four parallel arms, titrated from low to moderate or high doses: atorvastatin/niacin ER, rosuvastatin/niacin ER, simvastatin/ezetimibe, or rosuvastatin alone. Baseline mean values were, for LDL-C 197 mg/dL (5.1 mmol/L), HDL-C 49 mg/dL (1.3 mmol/L), triglycerides 168 mg/dL (1.9 mmol/L). There were no significant differences among treatment groups in the change from baseline in LDL-C at pre-specified timepoints during treatment. All groups lowered LDL-C by approximately 50% or more (range -49 to -57%), achieving mean levels of 82-98 mg/dL (2.1-2.5 mmol/L). Changes in non-HDL-C (range -46 to -55%) mirrored those for LDL-C and did not differ among treatment groups. Statin/niacin ER combination regimens also increased HDL-C and large HDL (HDL2) and lowered triglycerides and lipoprotein (a) significantly more than other regimens. No drug-related myopathy or hepatotoxicity was observed. In this study, low to moderate dose combination therapy with a statin and niacin ER provided broad control of lipids and lipoproteins independently associated with CHD. 相似文献
86.
87.
C Suriu M Khayat M Weiler N Kfir C Cohen A Zinger C Aslanidis G Schmitz and TC Falik-Zaccai 《Clinical genetics》2009,75(3):230-236
Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis (CIPA) or hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type IV is a rare, autosomal recessive neurologic disorder, characterized by absence of reaction to painful stimuli, mental retardation, self- mutilating behavior, anhidrosis, and recurrent episodes of hyperthermia. Mutations in the neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor 1, a receptor phosphorylated by nerve growth factor, have been documented in diverse ethnic groups. We identified the same novel nonsense mutation in two unrelated families of Moroccan Jewish descent, each with two affected siblings. This possible founder mutation may trace to the rural Jewish village in southern Morocco from where both these families originated. Genetic screening for the causative mutation among 300 unrelated Moroccan Jews did not reveal carriers for the causative mutation, thus excluding high risk for CIPA in this ethnic subpopulation. 相似文献
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