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951.
Ari George Chacko Santhosh George Thomas K. Srinivasa Babu Roy Thomas Daniel Geeta Chacko Krishna Prabhu Varghese Cherian Grace Korula 《Clinical neurology and neurosurgery》2013
Objective
An awake craniotomy facilitates radical excision of eloquent area gliomas and ensures neural integrity during the excision. The study describes our experience with 67 consecutive awake craniotomies for the excision of such tumours.Methods
Sixty-seven patients with gliomas in or adjacent to eloquent areas were included in this study. The patient was awake during the procedure and intraoperative cortical and white matter stimulation was performed to safely maximize the extent of surgical resection.Results
Of the 883 patients who underwent craniotomies for supratentorial intraaxial tumours during the study period, 84 were chosen for an awake craniotomy. Sixty-seven with a histological diagnosis of glioma were included in this study. There were 55 men and 12 women with a median age of 34.6 years. Forty-two (62.6%) patients had positive localization on cortical stimulation. In 6 (8.9%) patients white matter stimulation was positive, five of whom had responses at the end of a radical excision. In 3 patients who developed a neurological deficit during tumour removal, white matter stimulation was negative and cessation of the surgery did not result in neurological improvement. Sixteen patients (24.6%) had intraoperative neurological deficits at the time of wound closure, 9 (13.4%) of whom had persistent mild neurological deficits at discharge, while the remaining 7 improved to normal. At a mean follow-up of 40.8 months, only 4 (5.9%) of these 9 patients had persistent neurological deficits.Conclusion
Awake craniotomy for excision of eloquent area gliomas enable accurate mapping of motor and language areas as well as continuous neurological monitoring during tumour removal. Furthermore, positive responses on white matter stimulation indicate close proximity of eloquent cortex and projection fibres. This should alert the surgeon to the possibility of postoperative deficits to change the surgical strategy. Thus the surgeon can resect tumour safely, with the knowledge that he has not damaged neurological function up to that point in time thus maximizing the tumour resection and minimizing neurological deficits. 相似文献952.
Peter J. Darlington PhD Tarik Touil PhD Jean‐Sebastien Doucet BSc Denis Gaucher PhD Joumana Zeidan PhD Dominique Gauchat PhD Rachel Corsini MSc Ho Jin Kim MD Martin Duddy MD Farzaneh Jalili BSc Nathalie Arbour PhD Hania Kebir PhD Jacqueline Chen PhD Douglas L. Arnold MD Marjorie Bowman BScN Jack Antel MD Alexandre Prat MD PhD Mark S. Freedman MD Harold Atkins MD Rafick Sekaly PhD Remi Cheynier PhD Amit Bar‐Or MD for the Canadian MS/BMT Study Group 《Annals of neurology》2013,73(3):341-354
953.
Mardi S. Byerly Muhannad Al Salayta Roy D. Swanson Kiwook Kwon Jonathan M. Peterson Zhikui Wei Susan Aja Timothy H. Moran Seth Blackshaw G. William Wong 《The European journal of neuroscience》2013,37(7):1033-1047
Estrogen‐related receptors (ERRs) α, β and γ are orphan nuclear hormone receptors with no known ligands. Little is known concerning the role of ERRβ in energy homeostasis, as complete ERRβ‐null mice die mid‐gestation. We generated two viable conditional ERRβ‐null mouse models to address its metabolic function. Whole‐body deletion of ERRβ in Sox2‐Cre:ERRβlox/lox mice resulted in major alterations in body composition, metabolic rate, meal patterns and voluntary physical activity levels. Nestin‐Cre:ERRβlox/lox mice exhibited decreased expression of ERRβ in hindbrain neurons, the predominant site of expression, decreased neuropeptide Y (NPY) gene expression in the hindbrain, increased lean body mass, insulin sensitivity, increased energy expenditure, decreased satiety and decreased time between meals. In the absence of ERRβ, increased ERRγ signaling decreased satiety and the duration of time between meals, similar to meal patterns observed for both the Sox2‐Cre:ERRβlox/lox and Nestin‐Cre:ERRβlox/lox strains of mice. Central and/or peripheral ERRγ signaling may modulate these phenotypes by decreasing NPY gene expression. Overall, the relative expression ratio between ERRβ and ERRγ may be important in modulating ingestive behavior, specifically satiety, gene expression, as well as whole‐body energy balance. 相似文献
954.
Amanda J. Laffan Claudia Metzler-Baddeley Ian Walker Roy W. Jones 《Neuropsychological rehabilitation》2013,23(2):197-211
Errorless learning (EL) principles have been shown to enable people with memory impairments to acquire various types of information (Grandmaison & Simard, 2003; Wilson, 2005). However, the effects of EL, based on simple repetition only, tend to be limited with regards to their size and longevity. The present study investigated whether EL could be improved by actively engaging people with Alzheimer's disease in the learning process. Patients learned the names of famous faces over 10 training sessions, treated either with a non-learning control, a simple repetition EL procedure, or an EL condition in which responses had to be self-generated. Cued recall rates after the final training session were significantly greater for the names treated with the self-generated EL technique compared to the control and the repetition EL conditions. In addition, there was evidence that patients with less severe general cognitive impairment benefit more from active generation than more severely impaired patients. The implications of this research for individualised memory rehabilitation programmes are discussed. 相似文献
955.
Research in children with language problems has focussed on verbal deficits, and we have less understanding of children's deficits with nonverbal sociocognitive skills which have been proposed to be important for language acquisition. This study was designed to investigate elicited nonverbal imitation in children with specific language delay (SLD). It is argued that difficulties in nonverbal imitation, which do not involve the processing of structural aspects of language, may be indicative of sociocognitive deficits. Participants were German-speaking typically developing children (n = 60) and children with SLD (n = 45) aged 2–3½ years. A novel battery of tasks measured their ability to imitate a range of nonverbal target acts that to a greater or lesser extent involve sociocognitive skills (body movements, instrumental acts on objects, pretend acts). Significant group differences were found for all body movement and pretend act tasks, but not for the instrumental act tasks. The poorer imitative performance of the SLD sample was not explained by motor or nonverbal cognitive skills. Thus, it appeared that the nature of the task affected children's imitation performance. It is argued that the ability to establish a sense of connectedness with the demonstrator was at the core of children's imitation difficulty in the SLD sample. 相似文献
956.
Clémence Girardet Bruno Lebrun Marie‐Jeanne Cabirol‐Pol Catherine Tardivel Anne‐Marie François‐Bellan Denis Becquet Olivier Bosler 《Glia》2013,61(7):1172-1177
Synchronization of circadian rhythms to the 24‐h light/dark (L/D) cycle is associated with daily rearrangements of the neuronal‐glial network of the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus (SCN), the central master clock orchestrating biological functions in mammals. These anatomical plastic events involve neurons synthesizing vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), known as major integrators of photic signals in the retinorecipient region of the SCN. Using an analog‐sensitive kinase allele murine model (TrkBF616A), we presently show that the pharmacological blockade of the tropomyosin‐related kinase receptor type B (TrkB), the high‐affinity receptor of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), abolished day/night changes in the dendrite enwrapping of VIP neurons by astrocytic processes (glial coverage), used as an index of SCN plasticity on electron‐microscopic sections. Therefore, the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway exerts a permissive role on the ultrastructural rearrangements that occur in SCN under L/D alternance, an action that could be a critical determinant of the well‐established role played by BDNF in the photic regulation of the SCN. In contrast, the extent of glial coverage of non‐VIP neighboring dendrites was not different at daytime and nighttime in TrkBF616A mice submitted to TrkB inactivation or not receiving any pharmacological treatment. These data not only show that BDNF regulates SCN structural plasticity across the 24‐h cycle but also reinforce the view that the daily changes in SCN architecture subserve the light synchronization process. 相似文献
957.
958.
959.
Selvakumar Arumugam Pulikanti Guruprasad Reddy Maria Francis Aditya Kulkarni Sudipta Roy Kartik Chandra Mondal 《RSC advances》2020,10(65):39366
Two alkyl substituted triaryl-cyclopentadienyl ligands [4,4′-(4-phenylcyclopenta-1,3-diene-1,2-diyl)bis(methylbenzene) (1) and 4,4′,4′′-(cyclopenta-1,3-diene-1,2,4-triyl)tris(methylbenzene) (2)] have been synthesized via cross-aldol condensation followed by Zn-dust mediated cyclization and acid catalyzed dehydration reactions. The fluorescence properties of 1 and 2 have been studied in solution and solid state. The ligands exhibited aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) in THF/water solution. 1 and 2 have been found to be significantly more fluorescent in the solid state than in their respective solutions. This phenomenon can be attributed to the strong intermolecular CH⋯π interactions present in 1 and 2 which leads to the tight packing of molecules in their solid-state. Both 1, 2 and their corresponding anions have been studied by theoretical calculations. Ligands 1 and 2 have been shown to react with anhydrous DyCl3 in the presence of potassium metal at high temperature to afford two fluorescent chloride-bridged tetra-nuclear mixed potassium–dysprosium metallocenes [(Me2Cp)4Dy2IIICl4K2]·3.5(C7H8) (5) and [(Me3Cp)4Dy2IIICl4K2]·3(C7H8) (6), respectively in good yields.Alkyl substituted triaryl-cyclopentadienyl ligands with aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) properties and their applications in the syntheses of novel chloride bridged tetra-nuclear mixed potassium–dysprosium metallocenes. 相似文献