Hemimegalencephaly: A rare congenital malformation of cortical development

Hemimegalencephaly is a rare congenital malformation of cortical development usually associated with developmental delay and refractory epilepsy that sooner or later require hemispherectomy.     

Distinct genotypic profiles of the two major clades of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Mycobacterium africanum</Emphasis>

Background  

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the principal etiologic agent of human tuberculosis (TB) and a member of the M. tuberculosis complex (MTC). Additional MTC species that cause TB in humans and other mammals include Mycobacterium africanum and Mycobacterium bovis. One result of studies interrogating recently identified MTC phylogenetic markers has been the recognition of at least two distinct lineages of M. africanum, known as West African-1 and West African-2.     

新疆宫颈癌高发区维吾尔族人群人乳头瘤病毒亚型的研究

目的 分析人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)各亚型在新疆宫颈癌高发区维吾尔族人群中的分布.方法 通过凯普导流杂交HPV DNA检测法,对新疆墨玉县喀尔赛乡维吾尔族男性尿道分泌物及女性宫颈分泌物(各400例)进行21种HPV亚型的检测.结果 (1)女性HPV感染总阳性率为14.25%,HPV亚型按其出现的频率依次为HPV16、58、39、18、33、52、43、66、CP8304、6、11,其中HPV16在HPV阳性者中比例最高(66.67%).(2)男性HPV总阳性率为8.00%,其中HPV16在HPV阳性者中比例最高(44.44%);HPV亚型按其出现的频率依次为HPV16、43、33、39、6(39和6型并列)、53.(3)夫妻间配对后发现男、女性HPV感染类型不同;女性HPV感染者的配偶中大部分HPV阴性;而男性HPV阳性者的配偶中也大部分HPV阴性.夫妻HPV感染吻合率为7.02%,而男性HPV感染与女性吻合率为9.38%.结论 HPV在新疆维吾尔族人群中的阳性率均较低,但HPV阳性者中高危型HPV尤其是HPV16的构成比高,HPV16是新疆地区维吾尔族人群中流行的主要病毒类型.     

Patient perception versus medical record entry of health-related conditions among patients with heart failure

A shared understanding of medical conditions between patients and their health care providers may improve self-care and outcomes. In this study, the concordance between responses to a medical history self-report (MHSR) form and the corresponding provider documentation in electronic health records (EHRs) of 19 select co-morbidities and habits in 230 patients with heart failure were evaluated. Overall concordance was assessed using the κ statistic, and crude, positive, and negative agreement were determined for each condition. Concordance between MHSR and EHR varied widely for cardiovascular conditions (κ = 0.37 to 0.96), noncardiovascular conditions (κ = 0.06 to 1.00), and habits (κ = 0.26 to 0.69). Less than 80% crude agreement was seen for history of arrhythmias (72%), dyslipidemia (74%), and hypertension (79%) among cardiovascular conditions and lung disease (70%) and peripheral arterial disease (78%) for noncardiovascular conditions. Perfect agreement was observed for only 1 of the 19 conditions (human immunodeficiency virus status). Negative agreement >80% was more frequent than >80% positive agreement for a condition (15 of 19 [79%] vs 8 of 19 [42%], respectively, p = 0.02). Only 20% of patients had concordant MSHRs and EHRs for all 7 cardiovascular conditions; in 40% of patients, concordance was observed for ≤5 conditions. For noncardiovascular conditions, only 28% of MSHR-EHR pairs agreed for all 9 conditions; 37% agreed for ≤7 conditions. Cumulatively, 39% of the pairs matched for ≤15 of 19 conditions. In conclusion, there is significant variation in the perceptions of patients with heart failure compared to providers' records of co-morbidities and habits. The root causes of this variation and its impact on outcomes need further study.