瑞芬太尼麻醉下丙泊酚抑制老年患者胃镜插入时体动ED50的临床观察

目的：测定不同剂量瑞芬太尼麻醉下丙泊酚抑制老年患者胃镜插入时体动的半数有效剂量（ED50）。方法选择2013年10月至2014年5月90例在南京鼓楼医院自愿接受无痛胃镜检查的90例老年患者为研究对象,按照静脉滴注瑞芬太尼的剂量随机分为三组,每组30例,A组0．15μg／kg、B组0．30μg／kg、C组0．45μg／kg,依次缓慢推注丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼,以胃镜插入时有无体动或呛咳为指标,采用序贯法测定各组丙泊酚抑制胃镜插入时体动的ED50和95％可信区间。结果A、B、C三组丙泊酚抑制胃镜插入时体动的ED50分别为0．80、0．69、0．57mg／kg,95％可信区间分别为（0．72～0．88）mg／kg、（0．60～0．78）mg／kg、（0．52～0．62）mg／kg。结论老年患者无痛胃镜麻醉诱导时,丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼呈协同作用,瑞芬太尼能减少丙泊酚抑制胃镜插入时体动的ED50。     

四逆散合痛泻要方加味对肠易激综合征患者血清5-羟色胺表达水平的影响研究

目的 探讨四逆散合痛泻要方加味对肠易激综合征（IBS ）患者血清5-羟色胺（5-HT ）表达水平的影响。方法 选择2012年1月至2013年1月该院脾胃科诊治的60例腹泻型IBS患者为研究对象,并随机分为两组,对照组给予口服曲美布汀＋三联活菌,观察组给予四逆散合痛泻要方加味治疗,观察治疗前后主要症状积分及血清5-HT水平的变化。结果 治疗1个疗程后,两组患者腹痛、腹泻、腹胀、大便急迫、肛门坠胀等主要症状积分及5-HT水平均较治疗前有明显降低,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）,且上述指标观察组明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）;观察组治疗总有效率为83．33％,明显高于对照组的60．00％,差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。结论 四逆散合痛泻要方加味可以调节5-HT的分泌,改善胃肠道运动紊乱和肠道分泌异常情况。     

Storage of pools of six and eight platelet concentrates

Platelet concentrates (PCs) prepared from units of whole blood are routinely stored singly at 20 to 24 degrees C and pooled prior to transfusion. Studies have been conducted to evaluate the in vitro properties of pools of six (n = 19) and eight (n = 17) ABO-identical PCs after storage, with comparative studies involving single units (n = 33). The pools were prepared using the sterile connecting device. One- day-old and 3-day-old PCs were pooled and stored for a total of 5 days in a container system consisting of two 1000-mL polyolefin containers. The pooled platelet suspension was divided approximately equally between the two containers. The platelet count was reduced by less than 5 percent during storage of the pools, which is similar to the reduction found with storage of control units of single PCs. The volume loss due to pooling was 9.6 +/− 1.9 percent (mean +/− 1 SD). The pH of the PC pools was approximately 7.0 after 5 days of storage, with no pool having a pH below 6.2. In vitro platelet properties, such as morphology score, extent of shape change induced by ADP, total ATP, aggregation response to ADP and collagen, response to hypotonic stress, lactate dehydrogenase discharge, and beta-thromboglobulin release, were similar for pools and control single PCs. In addition, comparable low levels of thymidine uptake were detected in the mononuclear leukocyte fraction of pooled and unpooled PCs that were stored for 5 days at 20 to 24 degrees C, which indicates that the mixing of lymphocytes in the pool did not stimulate in vitro immunologic reactions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Characteristics of white cell-reduced red cells stored in tri-(2- ethylhexyl)trimellitate plastic

BACKGROUND: Standard blood storage containers contain extractable plasticizers that accumulate in blood during storage and are an unintended transfusion product. However, extractable plasticizers have a protective effect on the red cell membrane and improve red cell storage variables. Prestorage white cell reduction also improves selected red cell storage variables. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: The study evaluated whether the beneficial effect of prestorage white cell reduction would offset the negative effect of the absence of extractable plasticizer in red cells stored in AS-3 for 42 days at 4 degrees C. Filtered red cells stored in polyvinylchloride containers with the nonextracting plasticizer, tri-(2-ethylhexyl)trimellitate (TEHTM), were compared to unfiltered red cells stored in polyvinylchloride containers with the extractable plasticizer di-(2- ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP). RESULTS: Poststorage supernatant potassium and red cell osmotic fragility were significantly higher in white cell- reduced TEHTM units than in unfiltered DEHP units. The mean 24-hour recovery of the filtered TEHTM red cells was significantly lower than that of the unfiltered DEHP red cells (69.1 +/− 7.4% vs. 77.1 +/− 5.1%, p < 0.05, n = 8). CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate that white cell reduction before 42-day storage in TEHTM containers with currently approved preservatives does not yield an acceptable red cell component.     

海口市三甲医院护理人员月经不调现况调查研究

目的调查海口市三甲医院护理人员月经不调现况及影响护理人员月经不调的因素,为相关部门提供可靠的数据基础及科学依据。方法选取海口市三甲医院工龄半年以上的在册女护士为研究对象,使用自制月经情况调查表对其进行横断面调查。结果纳入调查的601名护理人员中有251人月经不调,占41.76%;月经不调症状主要表现为痛经、周期紊乱、腰骶骨疼痛及腰腹坠疼等情况。不同年龄组护理人员月经不调率比较差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),不同科室、职称、护龄的护理人员月经不调率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。护理人员月经期间的保养措施前三位分别是月经期间注意保暖、保持精神愉快及注意饮食、不吃辛辣食物。结论海口市三甲医院护理人员月经不调情况较为普遍,尤其是青年护理人员,需加强关注。     

心电图自动诊断系统的研制

利用数字信号处理和波形识别技术,对心电图的QRS波、P波、T波的时段时间了计算机的自动检测并对室性期前收缩等15种异常心电进行自动诊断。打印输出相应的诊断报告。为了检验本系统的稳定性和可信度,利用美国麻省理工学院的MIT－BIH数据库对本文所使用的方法进行了检测,取得了较好的效果。     

Microbiological understandings and mysteries of noma (cancrum oris)

The microbiologic history of noma was reviewed. Studies have associated the disease process with large numbers of fusiform bacilli and spirochetal organisms. In order to study the microbiology of the staging and infection periods of noma 62 Nigerian children, aged 3-14 years, 22 children had acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG) and were also malnourished, 20 exhibited no acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis but were malnourished and 20 were free of acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis and in good nutritional state) were evaluated for the presence of viruses and oral microorganisms. The ANUG cases in the malnourished children had a higher incidence of Herpesviridae, the main virus being detected was cytomegalovirus. There were more anaerobic microorganisms recovered, with Prevotella intermedia as the predominant isolate, in the malnourished children as compared to the healthy children. A study of the predominant microflora in active sites of noma lesions was carried out in eight noma patients, 3-15 years of age, in Sokoto State, northwestern Nigeria. Fusobacterium necrophorum was recovered from 87.5% of the noma lesions. Oral microorganisms isolated included Prevotella intermedia, alpha-hemolytic streptococci and Actinomyces spp. which were isolated from 75.0, 50.0 and 37.5% of the patients, respectively. Peptostreptococcus micros, Veillonella parvula, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas spp. were each recovered from one lesion. All strains were observed to be sensitive to all of the antibiotics tested with the exception of one strain of P. intermedia which showed resistance to penicillin. The pathogenic mechanisms of F. necrophorum as a trigger organism were discussed. The isolation from human noma lesions of F. necrophorum, a pathogen primarily associated with animal diseases, may have important etiologic and animal transmission implications.     

抑癌基因PTEN在涎腺癌组织中的表达

目的:研究PTEN在正常涎腺组织及涎腺癌中的表达及意义。方法:应用免疫组化S鄄P法分别检测8例正常涎腺组织,24例粘液表皮样癌,26例腺样囊性癌中PTEN蛋白的表达。结果:PTEN蛋白在正常涎腺组织及涎腺癌中表达率分别为87.5%、22%,差异有显著性意义(P﹤0.05)。PTEN在高、中分化组粘液表皮样癌高表达率为35.3%,低分化组为28.5%,差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。腺样囊性癌中PTEN蛋白表达率低于粘液表皮样癌,差异有显著性意义(P﹤0.05)。结论:提示PTEN蛋白与涎腺癌的发生、发展密切相关,PTEN蛋白表达与涎腺癌组织类型有相关性,而与组织学分级无明显相关性。