经静脉注射Levovist心肌声学造影间隙显像评价心梗患者心肌存活性：与心脏核素的对比研究

目的,本研究旨在评价经静脉注射Levovist心肌声学造影间隙显像检测心梗患者梗塞区心肌存活性的价值。方法：本研究对25例临床诊断为陈旧性心梗患者心肌声学造影和核素心肌显像的节段心肌灌注进行比较。结果：25例患者400个节段中,声学造影和^201铊记分完全一致的有271个节段（68％）,与核素相关1级的有122个节段（30％）,相差2级的有7个节段（2％）,Kappa=0.538,心肌声学造影判断存活心肌与心脏核素的符合率为81％,Kappa=0.521,敏感性和特异性分别为90％和60％。阳性预测值,阴性预测值分别为84％和72％,结论：经静脉注射Levovist心肌声学造影检测心梗患者梗塞区心肌存活性能提供与心脏核素相似的信息,但在左室心尖部和前间壁的显示仍有待进一步提高。     

利声显心肌声学造影显像在冠脉搭桥术中的应用

目的　评价经静脉注射利声显心肌声学造影间隙显像在冠脉搭桥术中的应用价值。方法　用经静脉注射利声显心肌声学造影间隙显像,对25例临床诊断为陈旧性心肌梗死准备行冠脉搭桥术患者手术前后的心肌灌注和心脏功能进行分析。结果　术前灌注正常、减弱和无灌注的节段分别为22、57和13个。术后灌注正常、减弱和无灌注的节段分别为55、35和2个。造影记分指数从术前的0.74±0.08增加到术后的0.89±0.06,差别有极显著性意义（P<0.001）。92个与搭桥相关的节段中,术后59个（64%）功能改善。室壁运动记分指数从术前的1.50±0.27减少到术后1.24±0.20（P<0.001）。左室射血分数从0.49±0.05增加到0.55±0.04（P<0.001）。手术前后室壁运动记分指数和左室射血分数的变化程度与心肌声学造影检测为存活心肌的节段数高度相关（r=0.96,0.82,P均<0.001）;术后室壁运动记分指数和左室射血分数与术前心肌造影记分指数相关（r=-0.64,0.60,P均<0.05）。心肌声学造影对冠脉搭桥术后心脏节段功能恢复的预测敏感性和特异性分别为98%和36%。结论　经静脉注射利声显心肌声学造影不仅可用于评价冠脉搭桥术的效果,还可预测术后左室功能的恢复。     

高频超声心动图评价小鼠病毒性心肌炎模型的心功能改变

目的　用高频超声心动图方法研究小鼠轻、重症病毒性心肌炎（VMC）的心功能改变及其与病理、心肌病毒含量的关系。方法　VMC模型组30只小鼠,正常对照组10只。VMC模型组注射病毒后第7d,存活的小鼠行超声心动图检查,测定左室短轴缩短分数（FS）、主动脉血流峰值流速（Vp）、主动脉流速积分（Vi）,根据心脏病理评分分为轻症组和重症组,心脏中段石蜡切片进行原位杂交检测病毒RNA。结果　与正常组相比,轻症心肌炎组（20只）左室收缩功能稍减低,但无统计学差异;重症组（7只）收缩功能明显减低（P<0.05);重症组病毒RNA阳性信号面积定量较轻症组为大（P<0.05);心功能（FS、Vp、Vi）与病理积分呈负相关（r分别为-0.56、-0.84和-0.58,均P<0.01）;心功能与心肌病毒RNA含量无相关性（P>0.05)。结论　超声心动图为研究小鼠VMC模型心功能改变提供了简便可靠的方法,心功能减退程度取决于心肌坏死程度。     

声学定量评价二尖瓣替换术保留瓣下结构对左心功能的影响

目的 采用声学定量技术对慢性二尖瓣反流患者进行检测旨在评价二尖瓣替换术（ＭＶＲ）保留瓣下结构对左心舒缩功能的影响。方法 根据ＭＶＲ的不同方式,将３０例慢性二尖瓣反流患者分为３组：Ａ组为传统的ＭＶＲ即完全切除瓣叶及其健索患者１２例,Ｂ组为完全切除前叶及其腱索仅保留后叶及其腱索的ＭＶＲ患者１０例,Ｃ组为切除部分前叶但保留前叶腱索和后叶及其腱索的ＭＶＴ患者８例。应用ＨＰ Ｓｏｎｏｓ２５００声学定量技术在术前和术后３个月分别测量左室的舒张末容积指数（ＥＤＶＩ）、收缩末溶积指数（ＥＳＶＩ）、射血分数（ＥＦ）、峰值射血率（ＰＥＲ）、峰值充盈率（ＰＦＲ０和峰值充盈率时间（ＴＰＦＲ）。结果 ①术前和术后３个月,三组间的心率、血压差异无显著性意义（Ｐ〉０．０５）。②术后３个月,Ａ组ＥＤＶＩ高于术前,Ｂ组、Ｃ组ＥＦ、ＰＥＲ、ＰＦＲ     

11例原位心脏移植成功的初步经验

目的 报告11例原位心脏移植成功的初步经验。方法 2000年5月－2001年5月连续为11例患者行原位心脏移植术，其中扩张型心肌病10例，复杂性先天性心脏病1例。标准原位心脏移植手术10例，双腔静脉吻合法1例。结果 所有病例均存活，心功能恢复至I－Ⅱ级（NYHA），围术期无感或严重排异反应发生。随访期间有1例巨细胞病毒感染，1例排反应发生。结论 良好的心肌保护、术后合理的监测与抗排异治疗是心脏移植成功的关键。     

三维超声心动图与经食道超声心动图在房间隔缺损介入术中应用价值初步探讨

目的初步探讨实时三维心动图(RT-3DE)和经食道超声心动图(TEE)在房间隔封堵术的临床应用价值. 方法应用Philips Sonos 7500RT-3DE诊断仪、X4探头,对4例先天性心脏病房间隔缺损的患者[男性1例,女性3例,平均年龄为(60.5±8)岁],在RT-3DE和(或)TEE监测下,经心导管行房间隔缺损介入封堵术,其中对3例先天性心脏继发孔型房间隔缺损患者在RT-3DE和TEE监测下,经心导管行房间隔缺损介入封堵术;另一例患者在二维超声心动图和RT-3DE监测下行房间隔缺损介入封堵治疗.     

用聚合酶链反应技术检测冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块组织中人巨细胞病毒DNA

用聚合酶链反应技术检测冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块组织中人巨细胞病毒ＤＮＡ舒先红陈瑞珍杨英珍近年来，动脉粥样硬化的病毒病因学作用日益受到人们的重视。有研究表明人巨细胞病毒（ＨＣＭＶ）在动脉粥样硬化发生发展中起重要作用。本研究利用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术检测...     

房室同步性对血浆氨基末端脑钠素前体水平的影响

目的探讨缓慢心律失常和房室同步性对血浆氨基末端脑钠素前体(NT-proBNP)水平的影响。方法将120例无明确结构性心脏疾病患者按缓慢心律失常情况分为三组:A组为病窦综合征组(n=52),B组为Ⅱ度房室传导阻滞(AVB)组(n=29),C组为Ⅲ度AVB组(n=39)。另选42例无明确结构性心脏疾病、无心律失常者为D组。测定各组术前及术后第2天血浆NT-proBNP水平,分析血浆NT-proBNP水平及其与房室同步性、年龄、性别、体重指数、QRS波时限、左房内径(LAD)、左室射血分数(LVEF)、高血压和糖尿病的关系。结果在校正年龄后,A、B、C和D组血浆lg(NT-proBNP)水平分别为2.175±0.391,2.574±0.476,2.903±0.635和1.869±0.333 ng/L。血浆NT-proBNP水平:A、D组0.10)。在置入心脏起搏器后,房室同步性改善患者的NT-proBNP水平术后较术前降低(2.37±0.43 ng/L vs 2.73±0.53 ng/L,P<0.01),房室同步性不变的患者术后与术前无差异(P>0.05),而房室同步性恶化的患者较术前升高(2.61±0.57 ng/L vs 2.38±0.61 ng/L,P<0.05)。多元回归显示,房室同步性的改变情况是血浆NT-proBNP水平变化值的独立影响因素(P<0.001)。结论缓慢心律失常患者随房室失同步加重,血浆NT-proBNP水平依次升高,房室失同步可导致NT-proBNP升高。     

心房颤动对不同心功能分级的患者血浆脑钠肽水平的影响

Objective To assess the effect of atrial fibriUation (AF) on plasma levels of NT-proBNP in patients with different cardiac functions. Methods One hundred and ninty-one patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) were divided into two groups: minor CHF group (NYHA Ⅰ/Ⅱ class) and sever CHF group (NYHA Ⅲ/Ⅳ class). In addition,84 patients without HF (non-HF group) were enrolled as control The plas-ma NT-proBNP were assayed and the effect of AF on the NT-proBNP levels was analyzed to determine inde-pendent of NT-proBNP levels in 3 groups. Results Patients with AF in non-HF had higher NT-proBNP levels than those with sinus rhythm (SR) [(2.95 ±0.41) vs (2.21±0.44) ng/L, P < 0.01], and multi-variables regression demonstrated that age, AF and left atrial diameter (LAD) were independent determinants of NT-proBNP levels (P <0.001). NT-proBNP levels in minor CHF were also higher in patients with AF than that in patients with SR [(3.26±0.40) ng/L vs (2.98±0.54) ng/L, P < 0.05] ; AF, LAD, left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVESD) and left vontric-ular eject fraction (LVEF) were the independent factors of NT-proBNP levels (P < 0.05). However, there was no difference of NT-proBNP levels between patients with AF and patients with SR [(3.59±0.52) ng/L vs (3.56±0.55) ng/L,P =0.73] ; while age and LVEF were in-dependent factors (P < 0.05). In patients with LVEF < 0.40, AF had not significant affect on NT-proBNP lev-els [AF vs SR: (3.70±0.60) ng/L vs (3.46±0.56) ng/L,P >0.10]; however,AF patients with LVEF≥ 0.40, NT-proBNP levels were increased [AF vs SR: (3.08 ±0.57) ng/L vs (2.67±0.73) ng/L, P < 0.001]. Conclusion The effect of AF on plasma NT-proBNP was related with cardiac functions: in AF pa-tients without or with minor cardiac dysfunction (NYHA Ⅰ /Ⅱ class or LVEF≥0.40) ,NT-proBNP increased; in AF patients with sever cardiac dysfunction (NYHA Ⅲ/Ⅳ class or LVEF < 0.40), NT-proBNP had no sig-nificant changes.     

心房颤动对不同心功能分级的患者血浆脑钠肽水平的影响

Objective To assess the effect of atrial fibriUation (AF) on plasma levels of NT-proBNP in patients with different cardiac functions. Methods One hundred and ninty-one patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) were divided into two groups: minor CHF group (NYHA Ⅰ/Ⅱ class) and sever CHF group (NYHA Ⅲ/Ⅳ class). In addition,84 patients without HF (non-HF group) were enrolled as control The plas-ma NT-proBNP were assayed and the effect of AF on the NT-proBNP levels was analyzed to determine inde-pendent of NT-proBNP levels in 3 groups. Results Patients with AF in non-HF had higher NT-proBNP levels than those with sinus rhythm (SR) [(2.95 ±0.41) vs (2.21±0.44) ng/L, P < 0.01], and multi-variables regression demonstrated that age, AF and left atrial diameter (LAD) were independent determinants of NT-proBNP levels (P <0.001). NT-proBNP levels in minor CHF were also higher in patients with AF than that in patients with SR [(3.26±0.40) ng/L vs (2.98±0.54) ng/L, P < 0.05] ; AF, LAD, left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVESD) and left vontric-ular eject fraction (LVEF) were the independent factors of NT-proBNP levels (P < 0.05). However, there was no difference of NT-proBNP levels between patients with AF and patients with SR [(3.59±0.52) ng/L vs (3.56±0.55) ng/L,P =0.73] ; while age and LVEF were in-dependent factors (P < 0.05). In patients with LVEF < 0.40, AF had not significant affect on NT-proBNP lev-els [AF vs SR: (3.70±0.60) ng/L vs (3.46±0.56) ng/L,P >0.10]; however,AF patients with LVEF≥ 0.40, NT-proBNP levels were increased [AF vs SR: (3.08 ±0.57) ng/L vs (2.67±0.73) ng/L, P < 0.001]. Conclusion The effect of AF on plasma NT-proBNP was related with cardiac functions: in AF pa-tients without or with minor cardiac dysfunction (NYHA Ⅰ /Ⅱ class or LVEF≥0.40) ,NT-proBNP increased; in AF patients with sever cardiac dysfunction (NYHA Ⅲ/Ⅳ class or LVEF < 0.40), NT-proBNP had no sig-nificant changes.