小儿特大面积烧伤46例治疗体会

小儿特大面积烧伤是烧伤救治中的一大难点。笔者单位 1994年 9月～ 2 0 0 0年 9月共收治烧伤患儿 4 6例 ,治愈 39例 ,死亡 7例 ,救治成功率为 84 .8%。临床资料 :本组患儿男 2 5例 ,女 2 1例 ,年龄 8个月～ 13岁 ,平均 (5 .0± 3.3)岁 ,其中热液烫伤 31例 ,火焰烧伤 9例 ,火药爆炸致伤 6例。伤后 6h以内入院者 38例 ,6h以后入院者 8例。烧伤面积≥ 4 0 %TBSA ,平均烧伤面积为 (5 2 0±12 .6 ) %TBSA ,其中 36例有Ⅲ度烧伤创面。入院时出现休克者 4 1例 ;伴有吸入性损伤者 15例 ;并发肺部炎症或水肿者 2 3例 ;应激性溃疡出血 8例 ;肾功…     

严重烧伤并发真菌感染的临床研究

目的：通过对22例严重烧伤并发真菌感染的观察，分析真菌的感染特点，并提出治疗方案。方法：采用普通培养的同时，常规做真菌培养与涂片检查，病理切片等方法对22例严重烧伤患者进行检测，排除其它原因并确诊。同时对22例患者的临床表现，发病过程及治疗方案进行记录和总结。结果：22例真菌感染患者分离出3种40株真菌，念珠菌占97．6％，毛霉菌次之占2．4％。本组20例中死亡1例，死亡丰为5％，死亡原因为混合其它细菌感染。结论：严重烧伤患者并发真菌感染后据其临床瘟状，结合真菌检测可明确诊断。结合手术与保守治疗可以治愈。     

急诊切痂对小儿烧伤脓毒血症的治疗作用

脓毒症是一种失控的、持久的炎症反应,是由感染因素诱发的全身炎症反应综合征[1].脓毒血症是小儿烧伤死亡的重要原因,其发病凶猛,病情变化迅速.     

扩张器在面颈部黑毛痣切除术中的应用

面颈部是人体功能结构及形态外表最重要的部位之一,面颈部黑毛痣因病变面积较大,导致切除后皮肤缺损不能直接缝合,传统植皮后移植皮片与周围皮肤颜色、质地有明显差异而影响美容效果。而皮肤扩张术因其有可提供质地、色泽、厚度和感觉等与受区相匹配的额外皮肤,减少供区损伤的优点而广泛用于临床,我院自2008年5月-2009年5月为32例患者实施该术,获得了满意效果。     

逆行胫后动脉皮支蒂隐神经-大隐静脉复合瓣修复足底创面11例

2006年5月-2008年5月,笔者应用逆行胫后动脉皮支蒂隐神经-大隐静脉复合瓣修复足底部软组织缺损患者11例,均取得满意效果,现报告如下.     

复合皮移植修复创面的临床观察

深度烧伤后导致胶原纤维过度沉积引起瘢痕增生。瘢痕切除后移植中厚自体皮,会因真皮组织较少,移植后皮肤回缩率大,效果不太理想。2000年 6月以来,笔者单位采用异体脱细胞真皮(北京桀亚莱福生物技术有限责任公司 ) 自体刃厚皮移植修复创面 34例,效果满意。一、资料与方法1.临床     

改良瘢痕跟腱骨膜瓣治疗烧伤后马蹄内翻足

小腿和足部深度烧伤或创伤后易继发瘢痕挛缩性足下垂，局部不但存在皮肤软组织缺损，同时也存在跟腱潜在缺损。临床上一般采用矩形瘢痕跟腱瓣技术及“z”形瘢痕跟腱瓣技术进行整复。为使手术更加简便，于2000年1月-2008年12月，我们应用改良瘢痕跟腱骨膜瓣治疗烧伤后瘢痕性足下垂18例26侧，取得比较满意的效果，报道如下。     

严重延迟复苏烧伤休克患者血浆脑钠肽的变化

Objective To observe the early change in plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level in burn patients with long delayed fluid resuscitation of burn shock and its clinical significance.Methods Thirty-six burn patients with second and third degree of burn covering 32%- 92% total body surface area were enrolled for the study, among them 10 patients were complicated with serious heart failure (heart failure group), and 26 patients rallied from shock after delayed fluid resuscitation without heart failure (stable group).The level of plasma BNP, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB), and left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) were determined at admission and 3 hours after hospitalization, and 24, 48, 72, 168 hours after the injury in both groups with electrochemiluminescence (ECL).Results Compared with stable group, the plasma BNP level (ng/L) of heart failure group at 3 hours after hospitalization, and 24, 48, 72 hours after the burn injury increased significantly (3 hours after hospitalization: 1 521.38±121.11 vs.391.36±63.27, 24 hours after burn: 2 516.86±193.25 vs.360.79±146.56, 48 hours after burn: 1 587.76±169.23 vs.398.92±77.46, 72 hours after burn: 974.45±166.33vs.283.43 ± 68.15, all P＜ 0.01), the level of LVEF lowered significantly (3 hours after hospitalization;0.33±0.03 vs.0.58±0.09, 24 hours after burn: 0.36±0.09 vs.0.60±0.10, 48 hours after burn: 0.35±0.08 vs.0.62±0.11, 72 hours after burn: 0.39±0.10 vs.0.64±0.10, all P＜0.05).The levels of LDH (μmol·s-1·L-1)in stable group were 2.87±0.50 at admission,3.02±0.43 3hours after hospitalization,4.02±0.87 24 hours after burn, 6.90±0.87 48 hours after burn, 3.64±0.75 72 hours after burn, 2.670.45 168 hours after burn while in heart failure group, they were 2.97±1.40, 3.84±0.37, 4.29±0.45,8.50±0.38, 3.84±0.62, 2.30±0.38, respectively;and CK-MB (U/L) in stable group were 59.12±13.75at admission, 70.39 ±10.72 3 hours after hospitalization, 79.29 ±17.27 24 hours after burn, 67.44 ±12.7748 hours after burn, 30.28± 7.13 72 hours after burn, 21.44 ±3.15 168 hours after burn while in heart failure group, they were 65.76 ± 16.38, 81.46 ± 7.92, 86.43 ± 14.19, 72.53 ± 11.27, 36.39 ± 6.18,22.85±7.26, respectively.No statistically significant difference was found in changes in both LDH and CK-MB between two groups (all P＞0.05).Conclusion Determination of the plasma BNP is a simple and useful method in detecting heart failure during resuscitation of shock after a serious burn injury.     

严重延迟复苏烧伤休克患者血浆脑钠肽的变化

Objective To observe the early change in plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level in burn patients with long delayed fluid resuscitation of burn shock and its clinical significance.Methods Thirty-six burn patients with second and third degree of burn covering 32%- 92% total body surface area were enrolled for the study, among them 10 patients were complicated with serious heart failure (heart failure group), and 26 patients rallied from shock after delayed fluid resuscitation without heart failure (stable group).The level of plasma BNP, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB), and left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) were determined at admission and 3 hours after hospitalization, and 24, 48, 72, 168 hours after the injury in both groups with electrochemiluminescence (ECL).Results Compared with stable group, the plasma BNP level (ng/L) of heart failure group at 3 hours after hospitalization, and 24, 48, 72 hours after the burn injury increased significantly (3 hours after hospitalization: 1 521.38±121.11 vs.391.36±63.27, 24 hours after burn: 2 516.86±193.25 vs.360.79±146.56, 48 hours after burn: 1 587.76±169.23 vs.398.92±77.46, 72 hours after burn: 974.45±166.33vs.283.43 ± 68.15, all P＜ 0.01), the level of LVEF lowered significantly (3 hours after hospitalization;0.33±0.03 vs.0.58±0.09, 24 hours after burn: 0.36±0.09 vs.0.60±0.10, 48 hours after burn: 0.35±0.08 vs.0.62±0.11, 72 hours after burn: 0.39±0.10 vs.0.64±0.10, all P＜0.05).The levels of LDH (μmol·s-1·L-1)in stable group were 2.87±0.50 at admission,3.02±0.43 3hours after hospitalization,4.02±0.87 24 hours after burn, 6.90±0.87 48 hours after burn, 3.64±0.75 72 hours after burn, 2.670.45 168 hours after burn while in heart failure group, they were 2.97±1.40, 3.84±0.37, 4.29±0.45,8.50±0.38, 3.84±0.62, 2.30±0.38, respectively;and CK-MB (U/L) in stable group were 59.12±13.75at admission, 70.39 ±10.72 3 hours after hospitalization, 79.29 ±17.27 24 hours after burn, 67.44 ±12.7748 hours after burn, 30.28± 7.13 72 hours after burn, 21.44 ±3.15 168 hours after burn while in heart failure group, they were 65.76 ± 16.38, 81.46 ± 7.92, 86.43 ± 14.19, 72.53 ± 11.27, 36.39 ± 6.18,22.85±7.26, respectively.No statistically significant difference was found in changes in both LDH and CK-MB between two groups (all P＞0.05).Conclusion Determination of the plasma BNP is a simple and useful method in detecting heart failure during resuscitation of shock after a serious burn injury.     

还原型谷胱甘肽对严重延迟复苏烧伤患者肝功能损害的治疗作用

目的 探讨还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)对严重延迟复苏烧伤患者肝功能损害的影响.方法 选择40例严重延迟复苏烧伤患者,随机分为两组,治疗组20例静脉滴注GSH;对照组20例给予能量合剂,均连续治疗7～14 d.于治疗前及治疗后7 d、14 d抽取患者静脉血,检测血清丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、r-谷氨酰转肽酶(r-GT)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、总胆红素(TBIL)及直接胆红素(DBIL),并进行对比分析.结果 治疗组治疗后7 d各指标即显著下降,14 d时进一步下降,与治疗前比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);对照组治疗后7 d虽较治疗前有所下降,但差异无统计学意义,14 d时各指标均显著下降(P均＜0.05).与对照组14 d时比较,治疗组ALT、AST、7-GT、TBIL、DBIL下降显著(P均＜0.05),而ALP差异无统计学意义.结论 早期给予GSH对改善严重延迟复苏烧伤患者肝功能损害的疗效显著.