右美沙芬掩味分子包合物的制备和评价

目的制备氢溴酸右美沙芬-β-环糊精包合物并考察有关性质。方法采用研磨法制备氢溴酸右美沙芬-β-环糊精包合物。采用显微镜法、差示扫描量热法、溶解性试验、计算机模拟计算法验证包合物的形成并研究其性质。采用紫外分光光度法测定包合物的载药量和包合率。结果氢溴酸右美沙芬能够与β-环糊精形成物质的量比为1∶3的包合物。包合物的载药量和包合率分别为9.83%和92.10%。结论采用研磨法,以物质的量比1∶3可以制备得到载药量和包合率较高的氢溴酸右美沙芬-β-环糊精包合物。     

款冬花不同提取物对豚鼠离体回肠收缩作用的研究

目的研究比较款冬花各个不同提取物对豚鼠离体回肠收缩的作用。方法通过石油醚、乙酸乙酯、CO2超临界萃取等方法制备款冬花多个提取物,将离体豚鼠回肠悬吊于克-亨试液中,观察给药后豚鼠回肠的收缩作用,计算豚鼠回肠收缩幅度抑制率。结果款冬花各个不同提取物均能降低组胺引起的豚鼠离体回肠收缩幅度。结论款冬花各个提取物能明显抑制豚鼠回肠收缩运动。     

HPLC检测人血浆中厄贝沙坦的浓度

目的建立人血浆厄贝沙坦检测的高效液相色谱法。方法血浆经乙醚萃取,以ZORBAX Extend-C18为色谱柱;流动相为乙腈-水-0.1%TFA-0.5 mmol.L^-1 SDS体系,流速为0.8 mL.min^-1;检测波长为242 nm（0-6.5 min）和266 nm（6.5-7.8min）。结果厄贝沙坦浓度在0.05-6.00 mg.L^-1内线性关系良好（r=0.999 9）;定量限为0.05 mg.L^-1;高中低3个浓度的相对回收率分别为（103.93±1.09）%、（99.85±0.65）%和（100.95±1.21）%;日内RSD分别为3.04%,1.15%,1.19%,日间RSD分别为4.50%,3.32%,1.18%。结论本方法准确可靠、简便快速,适用于人血浆厄贝沙坦浓度的测定及其药动学研究。     

替硝唑在离子液体-碳纳米管复合修饰电极上的电催化还原及电分析方法

目的研究替硝唑（TNZ）在玻碳电极（GCE）,多壁碳纳米管修饰电极（MWCNTs/GCE）及疏水性室温离子液体（RTIL）1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐（BMIMPF6）-多壁碳纳米管（MWCNT）修饰电极（RTIL-MWCNTs/GCE）上的电化学行为,电化学动力学性质及电化学定量分析方法。方法运用循环伏安法（CV）、计时库仑法（CC）、计时电流法（CA）、方波伏安法（SWV）、稳态电流-时间曲线及电化学交流阻抗谱。结果与GCE相比,TNZ在RTIL-MWCNTs/GCE上的还原峰电位正移了105 mV,还原峰电流增大了约5倍;与MWCNTs/GCE相比,其还原峰电位稍有负移,但还原峰电流增大。TNZ在RTIL-MWCNTs/GCE上的还原峰电流与浓度在5.0×10^-5-1.0×10^-2 mol.L^-1内呈良好线性关系,检出限为2.4×10^-6 mol.L^-1。加标回收率在98.7%－100.2%之间,RSD在0.64%－1.65%之间。结论RTIL-MWCNTs/GCE对TNZ电化学还原具有良好的催化作用,是一受扩散控制的不可逆电极反应过程,该方法可用于TNZ含量的电化学定量测定,操作简便快捷,测定结果符合定量测定要求。     

Chromosome 5 and Parkinson disease

Parkinson disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. Despite the identification of five causative genes, the majority of PD etiology is still unknown. A region on chromosome 5q is one of the few regions of the genome found linked in multiple studies of familial PD. Analyses were performed using genotypic data from two independent research studies to evaluate rigorously the evidence of linkage on chromosome 5. The combined sample consisting of 1238 affected individuals from 569 multiplex PD families were genotyped for a common set of 20 microsatellite markers spanning an 80 cM region on chromosome 5q. Two disease models were employed and model-free linkage analyses were performed to detect linkage to a PD susceptibility gene and also to detect linkage to a quantitative phenotype, age of onset of PD. There was little evidence of linkage using either a narrower or broader disease definition (lod <0.5). Analyses employing age of onset of PD as the phenotype produced a lod score of 1.8. These results in a very large sample of familial PD suggest that it is unlikely that a PD susceptibility gene is located on chromosome 5q. Evidence for a locus contributing to the age of onset of PD is modest at best (empirical P-value=0.07).     

Human papillomavirus genotypes and the cumulative 2-year risk of cervical precancer

BACKGROUND: Prospective data on the risks of cervical precancer associated with specific human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes are limited. METHODS: In 5060 women participating in the Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance/Low-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions Triage Study (ALTS), we determined the cumulative 2-year risks of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 2 or more severe (> or =CIN2) and of grade 3 or more severe (> or =CIN3) for 38 individual HPV genotypes, as detected by polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: The most common HPV genotypes detected at baseline, in descending order of prevalence, were 16, 52, 51, 31, 18, 53, 39, 56, 62, 59, and 58. When detected as a single-type HPV infection, HPV-16 had a 2-year cumulative risk of 50.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 44.1%-57.2%) for > or =CIN2 and 39.1% (95% CI, 32.9%-45.7%) for > or =CIN3. For other singly detected carcinogenic HPV types, the risk of > or =CIN2 ranged from 4.7% (for HPV-59) to 29.5% (for HPV-31), and the risk of > or =CIN3 ranged from 0.0% (for HPV-59) to 14.8% (for HPV-31). Multiple infections with HPV genotypes of different risk classes resulted in a risk that was similar to, and not significantly different from, the risk observed for the HPV genotype of the highest risk class. CONCLUSIONS: Genotype-specific HPV testing may be useful for identifying women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions who are at higher and lower risk of prevalent and incipient cervical precancer.     

Haemodynamic management of severe sepsis: recommendations of the French Intensive Care Societies (SFAR/SRLF) Consensus Conference, 13 October 2005, Paris, France

We present a consensus report from the SFAR/SLRF (Société Française d'Anesthésie et de Réanimation/Société de Réanimation de Langue Française) Consensus Conference, held on 13 October 2005 in Paris, France. The consensus report made recommendations on five topics relevant to the treatment of circulatory failure in sepsis and its underlying rationale. These topics are as follows: therapeutic goals of haemodynamic support in sepsis; goals of fluid resuscitation (including transfusion); role of inotropes and vasoactive drugs; role of other treatments; and treatment strategy. This report is reproduced from a translation of the original in Annales Francaises of Anesthésie and Réanimation.     

EAACI/GA2LEN/EDF guideline: definition, classification and diagnosis of urticaria

This guideline is the result of a consensus reached during a panel discussion at the 2nd International Consensus Meeting on Urticaria, Urticaria 2004, a joint initiative of the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology Dermatology Section and the European Union (EU)-funded network of excellence, GA2LEN. It covers the definition and classification of urticaria, taking into account the recent progress in identifying causes, eliciting factors and pathomechanisms of this disease. We have outlined useful diagnostic approaches for different subtypes of urticaria. This guideline was, in addition, accepted by the European Dermatology Forum (EDF) and was formally approved by the European Union of Medical Specialists (UEMS).