413例眩晕病人脑干听觉诱发电位和耳蜗电图的分析

对413例眩晕病人作脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)检测。其中98例伴耳蜗症状的病人进一步做耳蜗电图(ECochG)检测。异常检出数分别为BAEP 83例,ECochG 71例。讨论听觉诱发电位在眩晕病蜗性病变和蜗后性病变的定位诊断及临床意义。     

Granulomatous inflammation in nevi undergoing regression (halo phenomenon): a report of 6 cases

Halo phenomenon is a process whereby a melanocytic nevus undergoes regression with or without a clinically evident halo. It is now well established that cell-mediated immunity and to a lesser extent humoral immunity are integral to the development of halo nevi. We report 6 cases of nevi exhibiting halo phenomenon with granulomatous inflammation received in our dermatopathology practice over a 7-month period. Of these 6 cases, clinical evidence of a halo was documented in 2 of the nevi. In none of the cases was there a mention of granulomatous inflammation by the referring pathologist. Despite an extensive review of the literature, we did not find a report of overtly granulomatous inflammation occurring in regressing nevi, although we encounter the phenomenon not uncommonly in our practice and believe that practicing dermatopathologists should be aware of it.     

Filaria-induced monocyte dysfunction and its reversal following treatment

Monocyte dysfunction in filarial infection has been proposed as one mechanism underlying the diminished antigen-specific T-cell response seen in patent lymphatic filariasis. Cytokine/chemokine production and gene expression in monocytes from filaria-infected patients and uninfected healthy donors were assessed unstimulated and in response to stimulation with Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I bacteria plus gamma interferon both before and 8 months following treatment. Monocytes from filaria-infected individuals were studded with intracellular microfilarial antigens. Furthermore, monocytes from these individuals were less capable of producing interleukin-8 (IL-8), Exodus II, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, and IL-1alpha and preferentially expressed genes involved in apoptosis and adhesion compared with monocytes from uninfected donors. Eight months following treatment with a single dose of ivermectin-albendazole, some of these defects were reversed, with monocyte production of IL-8, IL-1alpha, MIP-1alpha, and IL-10 being comparable to that seen in the uninfected controls. In addition, a marked increase in mRNA expression of genes associated with protein metabolism, particularly heat shock proteins, was seen compared with pretreatment expression. These data suggest that the function and gene expression of monocytes in filaria-infected patients are altered but that this dysfunction is partially reversible following antifilarial treatment.     

Vector abundance and malaria transmission in rice-growing villages in Mali

Anophelism without malaria has long been recognized. In large irrigation projects, such as that around Niono, Mali, villages in irrigated areas sometimes have more anopheline vectors of malaria than adjacent nonirrigated villages, but overall malaria prevalence is substantially less. One hypothesized explanation for this is high anopheline densities lead to smaller adults, who do not live so long and hence are less efficient at transmitting the disease. We analyzed serial collections from 18 villages in an irrigated area of Mali, measuring correlations between mosquito densities and survival rates, zoophilic rates, and vectorial capacity over the villages and times. Adult density was inversely related to anthropophily and adult survival and its relationship with vectorial capacity was positive at low mosquito densities, flat at intermediate densities, and negative at high densities. This may partly explain why malaria prevalence is low in irrigated villages with high Anopheles density.     

天津医科大学20年乳腺肿瘤临床病理分析

对1981年－2000年天津医科大学总医院和天津医科大学二院病理科外检中的病理诊断资料进行统计学分析，结果显示：乳腺肿瘤有5270例，占全部外检肿瘤总数的11．07％，其中恶性肿瘤有1723例，占32．7％。良性肿瘤高发年龄为20岁－30岁，恶性肿瘤为40岁－50岁。乳腺癌的主要组织学类型为浸润性导管癌（52．48％）和单纯癌（31．67％）。