三维骨建模在全膝关节置换术中韧带平衡的作用

目的探讨以三维骨建模为基础、无需影像的计算机辅助系统在人工全膝关节置换术(totalknee arthroplasty,TKA)中韧带平衡的作用。方法2002年11月～2003年6月,采用后稳定型人工全膝关节,在Ceravision无需影像资料的三维骨建模系统导航监控下,辅助完成TKA21例。男5例,女16例,年龄64～79岁,平均72.4岁。其中2例既往行胫骨近端截骨术,1例行股骨远端截骨术。14例膝内翻,7例膝外翻。术前下肢全长X线正位片测量,内翻13°～外翻13°,平均2.36°;膝关节X线正位片测量,应力下内翻平均8.47°(内翻2°～内翻20°),应力下外翻平均3.63°(内翻7°～外翻12°)。结果术中导航系统测量,额面内翻12°～外翻10°,平均3.33°,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);额面应力下内翻平均6.47°(内翻0°～内翻24°),应力下外翻平均4.32°(内翻8°～外翻15°),与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术毕导航系统测得膝内外翻平均0.175°(内翻2°～外翻3°),而术后下肢全长X线正位片测量平均0.3°(内翻3.5°～外翻1.5°),二者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后3个月关节活动度为105～130°,平均115°,膝关节额面松弛度0.2～0.5cm,平均0.27cm。人工膝关节胫、股骨假体取得满意的对位置入和韧带平衡,无关节失稳和髌骨脱位等并发症发生。结论以三维骨建模为基础、无需影像的Ceravision系统,具有三维立体定位、优化截骨,并通过旋转对位和韧带松解获得伸屈膝关节等距间隙与韧带平衡稳定的作用,近期临床疗效满意,可在TKA中常规使用。     

The expression of emotion through nonverbal behavior in medical visits

Relationship-centered care reflects both knowing and feeling: the knowledge that physician and patient bring from their respective domains of expertise, and the physician’s and patient’s experience, expression, and perception of emotions during the medical encounter. These processes are conveyed and reciprocated in the care process through verbal and nonverbal communication. We suggest that the emotional context of care is especially related to nonverbal communication and that emotion-related communication skills, including sending and receiving nonverbal messages and emotional self-awareness, are critical elements of high-quality care. Although nonverbal behavior has received far less study than other care processes, the current review argues that it holds significance for the therapeutic relationship and influences important outcomes including satisfaction, adherence, and clinical outcomes of care.     

二甲双胍对多囊卵巢综合征患者胰岛素样生长因子-1的影响

目的探讨二甲双胍对多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）患者血清胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）及胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-1（IGFBP-1）水平的影响及其作用机制，明确二甲双胍治疗的临床效果。方法2002年1—11月对山西医科大学第二医院24例PCOS患者给予二甲双胍500mg，一日3次，8～24周治疗，比较治疗前后血清IGF-1、IGFBP-1、空腹胰岛素及睾酮水平，并对月经恢复、排卵、妊娠情况进行分析。结果二甲双胍可降低血清空腹胰岛素及睾酮水平，能显著升高IGFBP-1水平，治疗前后血清IGF—1水平差异无显著性。单纯二甲双胍治疗后月经恢复率为41．67％（10／24）；自然排卵率为25．00％（6／24），自然妊娠率为12．50％（3／24）。二甲双胍加促排卵治疗共18个周期，排卵周期率66．67％（12／18），妊娠周期率为11．11％（2／18）。结论二甲双胍可以降低血清空腹胰岛素及睾酮水平，增高IGFBP-1水平，可以改善卵泡微环境，有助于月经恢复，提高促排卵和妊娠率．是治疗PCOS的重要手段。     

百鹰汤治疗慢性乙型肝炎43例

目的：观察以“温阳益气、化湿清热”为法拟方的百鹰汤治疗慢性乙型肝炎的临床疗效。方法：43例慢性乙型肝炎采用百鹰汤治疗作为治疗组，另设30例随机对照组以五酯胶囊治疗。结果：治疗组患临床症状改善明显，其降酶疗效和HBeAg与HBV－DNA阴转率明显优于对照组（P＜0．05）。结论：百鹰汤能改善慢性乙型肝炎患临床症状，具有抗病毒及改善肝功能的作用。     

Non-invasive Assessment of Coronary Flow Velocity Reserve: A New Method Using Transthoracic Doppler Echocardiography

Coronary flow reserve (CFR) has been used toassess coronary microcirculation and epicardial coro-nary stenoses[1— 3 ] . CFR is defined as the ratio ofcoronary flow under maximal coronary vasodilatationto coronary flow under resting conditions[4 ] .Whenthe cross- sectional area of epicardial coronary arteriesis constant,coronary flow velocity (CFV) ratios areequal to volume flow ratios.The most common method used clinically formeasuring CFVR is intracoronary Doppler flow(ICD) analysis re…