Inter-ictal assay of peripheral circulating inflammatory mediators in migraine patients under adjunctive cervical non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS): A proof-of-concept study

Objective

To assay peripheral inter-ictal cytokine serum levels and possible relations with non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS) responsiveness in migraineurs.

点穴推拿治疗颈源性失眠临床研究

目的:观察点穴推拿治疗颈源性失眠的临床疗效。方法:将100例颈源性失眠患者按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组50例。对照组给予艾司唑仑片治疗,观察组给予点穴推拿治疗,2组均连续治疗10 d。对比2组临床疗效和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)。结果:观察组总有效率94.00%,高于对照组的72.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组PSQI各项细则评分及总分均较治疗前降低,观察组PSQI各项细则评分及总分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:点穴推拿治疗颈源性失眠疗效优于艾司唑仑片。     

百乐眠胶囊联合艾司唑仑治疗失眠症的疗效观察

目的探讨百乐眠胶囊联合艾司唑仑治疗失眠症的临床疗效。方法选取2016-2018年到云浮市人民医院接受治疗的210例失眠症患者,根据给药不同将所有患者分为3组,每组患者70例。百乐眠组口服百乐眠胶囊,4粒/次,2次/d;艾司唑仑组晚上入睡前30 min口服艾司唑仑片,1片/次,1次/d;联合组口服百乐眠胶囊联合艾司唑仑片,相关药物服用方法同以上两组。三组患者均连续治疗2周。观察三组的临床疗效,比较三组患者匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)和不良反应发生情况。结果治疗后,百乐眠组、艾司唑仑组、联合组总有效率分别是74.28%、82.86%、97.14%,联合组总有效率显著高于百乐眠组、艾司唑仑组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,3组患者PSQI评分均有所降低(P<0.05);但治疗后,联合组患者PSQI各评分均显著低于百乐眠组、艾司唑仑组(P<0.05)。百乐眠组、艾司唑仑组、联合组不良反应发生率分别是8.57%、22.86%、10.00%,艾司唑仑组失眠症患者不良反应发生率明显高于百乐眠组、联合组(P<0.05)。结论百乐眠胶囊联合艾司唑仑治疗失眠症具有较好的临床疗效,可显著降低PSQI评分,改善患者睡眠质量,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

Sleep quality is negatively related to video gaming volume in adults

Most literature on the relationship between video gaming and sleep disturbances has looked at children and adolescents. There is little research on such a relationship in adult samples. The aim of the current study was to investigate the association of video game volume with sleep quality in adults via face‐to‐face interviews using standardized questionnaires. Adults (n = 844, 56.2% women), aged 18–94 years old, participated in the study. Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and gaming volume was assessed by asking the hours of gaming on a regular weekday (Mon–Thurs), Friday and weekend day (Sat–Sun). Adjusting for gender, age, educational level, exercise and perceived stress, results of hierarchical regression analyses indicated that video gaming volume was a significant predictor of sleep quality (β = 0.145), fatigue (β = 0.109), insomnia (β = 0.120), bedtime (β = 0.100) and rise time (β = 0.168). Each additional hour of video gaming per day delayed bedtime by 6.9 min (95% confidence interval 2.0–11.9 min) and rise time by 13.8 min (95% confidence interval 7.8–19.7 min). Attributable risk for having poor sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index > 5) due to gaming >1 h day was 30%. When examining the components of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index using multinomial regression analysis (odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals), gaming volume significantly predicted sleep latency, sleep efficiency and use of sleep medication. In general, findings support the conclusion that gaming volume is negatively related to the overall sleep quality of adults, which might be due to underlying mechanisms of screen exposure and arousal.     

航空官兵睡眠障碍状况及相关因素分析

目的:调查航空官兵睡眠障碍状况及相关因素,为改善航空官兵的睡眠质量提供依据。方法:采用整群分层抽样方法,以匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)、自尊量表(SES)、压力知觉量表(PSS)、健康调查量表(SF-36)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)评定航空官兵的睡眠状况及其影响因素。结果:1PSQI7者390人,占29.37%,7≥PSQI5者229人,占17.24%;2PSQI总分与PSS总分(r=0.41,P0.01)、SES总分(r=0.22,P0.01)、生理机能(PF)(r=-0.14,P0.01)、生理职能(RP)(r=-0.28,P0.01)、躯体疼痛(BP)(r=-0.52,P0.01)、社会功能(SF)(r=0.23,P0.01)、情感职能(RE)(r=-0.326,P0.01)、健康变化(HT)(r=0.17,P0.01)、精神质(P)(F=2.32,P0.01)、神经质(N)(F=12.73,P0.01)、掩饰因子(L)(F=4.15,P0.01)存在相关性;3神经质、躯体疼痛、情感职能、健康变化、压力知觉量表总分进入线性回归方程。结论:航空官兵整体上存在睡眠障碍,应值得重视;其严重程度及发病情况受官兵的年龄、性格特点、对压力的感受性、心理状态及身体健康水平等多方面的影响,其中知觉压力的认知过程起到了介导作用。     

不同年级高中生睡眠质量与心理健康状况的相关性

目的：探讨不同年级高中生睡眠质量与心理健康状况的相关性。方法对高一、高三及复习班学生采用症状自评量表、匹茨堡睡眠质量指数量表进行测评分析。结果本组28．1％的学生存在睡眠障碍,93．4％的学生睡眠时间＜7 h。高一、高三、复习班学生症状自评量表总均分及9个因子分和匹茨堡睡眠质量指数量表总分及5个因子分比较差异有显著性（ P＜0．05或0．01）。入组高中生症状自评量表总均分与匹茨堡睡眠质量指数量表总分及睡眠质量、睡眠时间、睡眠障碍、日间功能、入睡时间及睡眠效率因子分呈显著正相关（P＜0．05）。结论高中生睡眠质量问题比较严重,睡眠不足比较突出,高中生睡眠质量与心理健康状况呈正相关。     

短程小组认知行为治疗失眠伴慢性非恶性颈背痛的效果

目的 探讨短程小组认知行为治疗失眠伴慢性非恶性颈背部疼痛患者的效果.方法 选择2013年6月～2013年12月于首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院神经与精神病科诊治的,符合国际睡眠障碍分类第二版失眠的诊断标准,并伴慢性非恶性颈背部疼痛的患者39例,随机分为短程小组认知行为治疗组(干预组,20例)和单纯睡眠卫生教育组(对照组,19例).患者于治疗前,治疗结束后1、5周填写匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)、睡眠日志、医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)和疼痛视觉模拟评分,比较并分析两组的结果.结果 两组治疗期间各有1例中途脱落未能完成治疗.干预组治疗结束后1周入睡时间、睡眠总时间、睡眠质量、睡眠效率、焦虑得分均较对照组改善[(39±18)比(65±28)min、(429±47)比(413±70)min、(3.8±1.6)比(3.5±1.5)分、(73±13)％比(66±12)％、(7.0±3.5)比(8.1±3.7)分],差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);治疗结束后5周干预组入睡时间、睡眠总时间、睡眠质量、睡眠效率、焦虑得分分别较对照组相应指标改善[(35±12)比(62±27)min、(440±52)比(418±75)min、(3.9±1.8)比(3.5±1.6)分、(76±12)％比(66±12)％、(6.5±2.4)比(7.8±3.3)分],差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 短程小组认知行为治疗对失眠伴慢性颈背痛患者的失眠和伴随焦虑症状有持续的效果.     

艾灸治疗失眠的临床应用规律分析＊

目的 回顾1959年至2018年发表的灸法治疗失眠的临床文献，总结归纳灸法治疗失眠的临床应用规律。方法 检索《中国针灸信息库》、中国期刊全文数据库（清华同方）、万方数字化期刊（万方）、中文科技期刊全文数据库（维普），按照纳入和排除标准筛选灸法治疗失眠的临床研究文献，进行计量分析、聚类分析和关联性分析。结果 艾灸治疗失眠应用频次较高的穴位依次为百会、三阴交、神门、足三里；足太阳膀胱经穴应用频次最高，其次是督脉穴和肾经穴。下肢部的腧穴使用频次最高，其次为头面部、背部。关联性较高的穴对为内关、足三里、神门、百会和三阴交，关联性较高的治疗方法为艾条灸配合针刺。灸法配合中药的总有效率最高，其次为灸法配合针刺，疗效均优于单纯灸法（均P < 0.05）。对比灸法、灸药并用、灸刺并用疗法治疗前后的PSQI评分，灸法与灸药并用疗法比较差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05），与灸刺并用比较差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。结论 灸法治疗失眠的组方中主要穴对为内关、足三里、神门、百会和三阴交。配合疗法中灸刺结合的使用频率最高，但灸法配合中药疗法的有效率最高，对于PSQI评分的改善程度亦最大。     

Allostatic load in early pregnancy is associated with poor sleep quality

BackgroundAllostatic load (AL) measures the cumulative impact of chronic stress and is associated with adverse health outcomes. A novel scoring system has previously been developed for AL in early pregnancy that is associated with pre-eclampsia. It was hypothesized that AL, as identified by the present model, is associated with psychosocial stressors and, specifically, poor sleep quality.MethodsWomen were selected from a low-risk, community-dwelling study population who enrolled at <15 weeks gestation. Nine physiologic components were divided among the domains of cardiovascular, metabolic, and inflammatory function. Spearman's rank correlations were used to examine the association of AL with age, income, the Revised Prenatal Distress Questionnaire (NuPDQ), Inventory of Depressive Symptoms (IDS), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to compare AL by race and educational attainment.ResultsA total of 103 women were identified, with: a mean age of 29.8 ± 5.0 years, 17.5% black, and mean gestational age 12.2 ± 1.1 weeks. Allostatic load was positively correlated with the PSQI (ρ = 0.23, p = 0.018). There were no associations with age, income, prenatal distress, race, or depression scores. College-educated women had lower AL compared with those with less education (0.57 ± 0.43 vs 0.81 ± 0.55, p = 0.045).ConclusionHigher AL, measured by the pregnancy-specific model, was associated with poorer sleep quality and lower educational attainment, both of which were considered to be chronic stressors. These relationships were consistent with previous findings in non-pregnant populations, and suggest that AL may be useful for capturing the physiologic impact of chronic stress in early pregnancy.     

药物联合正念减压治疗对广泛性焦虑障碍的疗效

 目的 研究药物联合正念减压治疗对广泛性焦虑障碍(generalized anxiety disorder,GAD)的效果。方法 收集2017-06至2019-05入院的GAD患者76例为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组,各38例,两组均给予常规精神科心理指导及系统药物治疗,研究组同时给予正念减压疗法,治疗时间2个月。比较治疗前后两组的焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)^[5]、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(hamilton anxiety scale,HAMA)^[6],抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)^[7]、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(pittsburgh sleep quality index,PSQI)得分。结果 两组患者治疗前SAS、SDS、HAMA总分均值比较,差异均无统计学意义;两组患者治疗后与治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组治疗后SAS、SDS、HAMA总分均值与对照组比较,明显下降,差异有统计学意义(t=3.14,P<0.05)。治疗后研究组PSQI各因子均值均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 药物联合正念减压治疗比单纯药物治疗更能缓解GAD焦虑抑郁症状,改善睡眠水平,提高生活质量。