蒙药安神补心六味丸预防给药对心肌缺血大鼠的保护作用及氧化应激水平的影响＊

目的 研究蒙药安神补心六味丸对大鼠心肌缺血损伤的保护作用和氧化应激机制。方法 将60只大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、阳性对照组（丹参滴丸）及蒙药安神补心六味丸低、中、高剂量组，使用腹腔注射异丙肾上腺素方法制备大鼠急性心肌缺血模型，记录并观察大鼠心电图活动变化，然后进行腹主动脉取血，分离血清，测定乳酸脱氢酶（Lactic dehydrogenase，LDH）、肌酸激酶（Creatine kinase，CK）、磷酸肌酸激酶（Creatine kinase isoenzyme，CK-MB）、谷草转氨酶（Aspartate aminotransferase，AST）、超氧化物歧化酶（Superoxide dismutase，SOD）、丙二醛（Malondialdehyde，MDA）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（Glutathione peroxidase，GSH-PX）含量变化。取心肌组织固定，对大鼠心肌组织进行HE染色，通过对心肌酶学和和心肌组织形态学两个方面来考察蒙药安神补心六味丸对大鼠心肌缺血模型的保护作用。结果 与空白组比较，模型组大鼠血清中LDH活性极显著升高（P<0.01），CK、CK-MB、AST、MDA活性均显著升高（P<0.05），SOD活性显著降低（P<0.05），GSH-PX活性高度显著降低（P<0.001），且差异均具有统计学意义；与模型组比较，蒙药安神补心六味丸组高剂量组大鼠血清中LDH、CK、CK-MB、MDA活性显著降低（P<0.05），SOD活性显著升高（P<0.05），GSH-PX活性极显著升高（P<0.01），且差异均具有统计学意义。从HE染色分析，蒙药安神补心六味丸能够改善因缺血而造成的心肌组织损伤。结论 蒙药安神补心六味丸能有效改善心肌组织病理状态，减轻大鼠心肌缺血损伤，以达到保护心肌作用，机制可能与氧化应激机制相关。     

蒙药治疗肝损伤的实验研究进展

随着蒙医药临床与实验科学的快速发展，关于肝损伤的实验研究也逐渐增多，其研究内容从最初的药物对实验动物生化指标的影响发展到组织病理形态学改变以及分子生物，免疫蛋白测定等。本文章通过查阅与总结从1992年至今关于蒙药治疗肝损伤实验研究，总结多种蒙药复方、单药及其提取物对不同模型导致肝损伤的作用及影响，为蒙药治疗肝损伤的进一步研究发展提供最初的信息资源。     

蒙医温针治疗赫依偏盛型失眠症的随机对照试验

目的评价蒙医温针治疗赫依偏盛型失眠症的近期疗效及安全性。方法将80例赫依偏盛型失眠症患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各40例。治疗组给予蒙医温针治疗,对照组采用Streitberger针进行安慰剂针刺。观察2组治疗前后失眠严重程度指数(ISI)量表评分及睡眠脑电图的变化情况。结果治疗组治疗前后ISI评分有显著性差异(P<0.05);治疗组治疗后睡眠总时间延长、睡眠潜伏期缩短、睡眠效率相应提高,且睡眠结构有所变化,即N1期睡眠比例减少,REM睡眠比例增多(均P<0.05)。组间比较,除N2期睡眠及N3+N4期睡眠时间无差异,其余睡眠参数差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论蒙医温针可改善赫依偏盛型失眠患者的睡眠质量,调节失眠症患者睡眠结构及睡眠进程,且安全性高。     

蒙医用蒙药对新冠肺炎及疫病的的防治对策

介绍了蒙医药文献中对疫病的防治及现代蒙医对新冠肺炎的防治药物。     

Evidence for the origin of the binaural interaction component of the auditory brainstem response

The binaural interaction component (BIC) represents the mismatch between auditory brainstem responses (ABR) obtained with binaural stimulation and the sum of ABRs obtained with monaural left and right stimulation. It is generally assumed that the BIC reflects binaural integration. Its potential use as a diagnostic tool, however, is hampered by the lack of direct evidence about its origin. While an origin at the initial site of binaural integration seems likely, there is no general agreement on the contribution of the two primary candidate nuclei, the lateral and medial superior olives (LSO and MSO, respectively). Here, we recorded local field potentials (LFP) and responses of units in the LSO and MSO of Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus), presenting clicks with an interaural time or level difference (ITD and ILD, respectively), while simultaneously recording ABR. We determined the BIC from the ABR and, importantly, from LFP and responses of units in the LSO and MSO. If stimulus‐induced changes in the ABR‐derived BIC have their source in the LSO and/or MSO, we expect coherent changes in the unit‐derived and the ABR‐derived BIC. We find that BIC obtained from LSO units exhibits the same ITD and ILD dependence as the ABR‐derived BIC. Neither BIC obtained from MSO units nor LFP‐derived BIC recorded in either LSO or MSO did. The data thus strongly suggest that it is the activity of LSO units in the gerbil that is decisive for the generation of the ABR‐derived BIC, determining its properties.     

Hypertension subtypes and risk of cardiovascular diseases in a Mongolian population,inner Mongolia,China

Background: There have been no reports about the effects of hypertension subtypes on the future cardiovascular events among Mongolian people, China. Methods and results: From June 2003 to July 2012, we conducted a prospective study to assess the association of hypertension subtypes with future risk of cardiovascular events including stroke and coronary heart disease among a Mongolian cohort of 2589 adults in China. According to the baseline blood pressure levels, the subjects were divided into those with normal blood pressure, prehypertension, isolated systolic hypertension (ISH), isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH), and combined systolic and diastolic hypertension (SDH). Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the association between blood pressure subtypes and risk of cardiovascular diseases. After adjustment for age and gender, hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of cardiovascular diseases were 1.75(0.92–3.33), 2.11(0.95–4.70), 2.14(1.01–4.56) and 5.31(2.86–9.77) for pre-hypertension, ISH, IDH and SDH, respectively, compared with normal blood pressure. Furthermore, after adding other cardiovascular risk factors to adjustment, hazard ratios(95% confidence intervals) of cardiovascular diseases were 1.74(0.92–3.31), 2.00(0.88–4.54), 2.20(1.02–4.74) and 4.92(2.62–9.26) for pre-hypertension, ISH, IDH and SDH, respectively, compared with the normal blood pressure group. Conclusions: IDH and SDH were significantly associated with the increased risk of cardiovascular diseases; this study suggests that carefully monitoring and actively treating the subjects with IDH should be an important strategy for CVD prevention among Mongolian population.     

Phytochemical and pharmacological progress on Syringa oblata, a traditional Mongolian medicine

Syringa oblata is a traditional Mongolian medicine mainly distributed in the Helan Mountains (the boundaries of Inner Mongolia and Ningxia, China) and the north of Yan Mountains (Aohan Qi, Inner Mongolia, China). It is clinically used to treat diseases caused by Heyi, such as heartache and heat pathogen in the heart. Phytochemical studies on S. oblata revealed the presence of iridoids, lignans, triterpenes, phenylpropanoids, phenylethanoids, and volatile components. Pharmacological investigations revealed a broad spectrum of bioactivities, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiproliferative, and hepatoprotective effects. This article summarized the chemical components and pharmacological activities of S. oblata, providing a scientific rationale for its bioactive constituents, quality control, and utilization as an important medicine.     

蒙药哈它各其-7散对压疮创面愈合作用的实验研究

目的：探讨蒙药哈它各其-7散对压疮大鼠相关炎性因子IL-1、IL-6及hs-CRP含量的影响。方法：将大鼠随机分为4个组,分别为假手术组,模型组,哈它各其-7组和云南白药组。除假手术组外,其余各组造模成功后,连续14于创面处经皮给药,分别在给药后第1、3、7、14天测量创面面积。末次给药后取创面皮肤组织进行HE染色,并采取腹主动脉血测量其IL-1、IL-6、hs-CRP含量。结果：与模型组比较,哈它各其-7组显著缩小创面面积,并降低压疮大鼠血清中的IL-1、IL-6、hs-CRP水平。结论：蒙药哈它各其散能促进压疮创面的愈合,这可能与抗炎作用相关。     

蒙古族并指一家系临床特点及其HOXD13基因突变检测

目的: 探讨先天性并指畸形一大家系的临床特点及其致病基因突变分析,为该类疾病的产前诊断以及携带者筛查提供依据。方法: 通过家系调查,对家系患者进行临床表型分析并进行手和脚部X光检查;绘制系谱图,整理分析家系资料;采集家系成员外周血并提取基因组DNA;通过外显子测序方法筛选候选基因,将捕获的候选基因突变位点进行PCR扩增后Sanger测序验证分析。结果: 该家系已传4代,并指患者共9例,其中男4例,女5例,Ⅰ2、Ⅱ4、Ⅲ5,7,10等5例患者为单侧并指,Ⅲ16和Ⅳ3,6,7等4例患者为双侧手指并指,脚趾均为正常。先证者及其家系患者均为HOXD13基因的第二外显子917位点发生G>A的突变,导致306位氨基酸从精氨酸到谷氨酰胺的改变,即c.917G＞A（P.R306Q）。家系正常成员均无此突变。结论: 该先天性并指家系属于常染色体显性方式遗传,HOXD13,c.917G＞A（p.R306Q）基因突变位点是该并指家系的致病突变。该家系Ⅲ12成员表型正常但致病基因携带者,表明该家系存在不完全外显特点。     

基于质量标志物的蒙药质量标准体系建设

蒙药质量是保障蒙药产业可持续发展的重要前提,质量控制是保证蒙药安全、有效的重要基础,但是蒙药现行质量标准存在着质量控制指标单一、与药效关联性不强的问题,在一定程度上制约了蒙药产业的健康发展。文章在系统分析蒙药特征和临床用药特点的基础上,以质量标志物核心概念为基础,从差异性特点出发,以实用的角度建立基于质量标志物的蒙药质量标准体系,推动蒙药标准化、产业化、现代化、国际化发展。