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目的:运用数据挖掘技术探讨古代文献中针灸治疗心痛的选穴规律,为临床针灸治疗心痛类症状提供参考。方法:检索“针灸古籍中腧穴主治的计算机检索系统”,按纳入和排除标准筛选文献并提取腧穴处方,采用IBM SPSS Statistics25.0、IBM SPSS Modeler18.0软件进行描述性分析和关联、因子分析。结果:共筛选出《黄帝内经》《中国简明针灸治疗学》等73本古籍中有效处方共394例。描述性分析提示,针灸治疗心痛使用频次前5位的腧穴是中脘、上脘、巨阙、大陵、内关;任脉、心包经、膀胱经是最常选取的经脉;特定穴方面,主要选取五输穴、募穴、原穴;高频穴对为中脘、上脘,巨阙、中脘,内关、大陵。运用数据挖掘技术得到针灸治疗心痛的核心腧穴处方为中脘-上脘-巨阙;因子分析共提取出9个公因子组。结论:古代文献中,针灸治疗心痛,一般选用心系经脉或相表里经脉腧穴,而对于因其他脏腑气机逆乱所致的心痛,一般选择针灸其原发脏腑或与其相表里脏腑经脉之腧穴;兼见其他脏腑症状者,取相关脏腑之经脉对症治疗。  相似文献   
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Background

Prohibition of tobacco sales to minors is a provision of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on tobacco control. This measure is effective to reduce youth tobacco use, if the legislation adopted is properly implemented and enforced. Through the examples of France and Quebec, the objective of this study is to compare legislative frameworks prohibiting tobacco sales to minors, their enforcement, and possible impact on underage smoking.

Methods

Identification of legislative instruments, reports from public health authorities, and articles addressing the focused question was performed trough Medline and Google.

Results

Selling tobacco products to minors under 18 years of age has been banned by the law since 1998 in Quebec and 2009 in France. In 2011, in France for individuals aged 17, compliance with the law was 15%. In 2017 in France, 94% of 17-year-old daily smokers regularly bought their cigarettes in a tobacco store. Law enforcement controls and sanctions are non-existent. In 2013 in Quebec, 23% of underage smoking students usually bought their own cigarettes in a business. The compliance rate with the prohibition law rose from 37% in 2003 to 92.6% in 2017. An approach of underage “mystery shoppers” attempting to purchase tobacco products and dedicated inspectors has been implemented, and progressive sanctions are applied in case of non-compliance. In 2013, 12.2% of Quebec high school students and, in 2017, 34.1% of French 17 year olds reported using tobacco products in the last 30 days.

Conclusion

Only an improved law enforcement, through the training of tobacco retailer's, inspections and effective deterrent penalties for non-compliance, leads to an effective legislative measure in terms of public health.  相似文献   
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BackgroundPolice officer use of Individual Light Armour Vests (ILAVs) is increasing due to potential occupational hazards that include blunt trauma, stabbing, and light calibre bullets. It is unclear how addition of this extra load will affect the officer's mobility or postural control.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the effects of various ILAVs on the mobility and postural control of police officers when compared to wearing their normal station wear.MethodsA prospective, within-subjects, repeated measures study was conducted in which officers wore one of three different ILAV variants or normal station wear (N) and acted as their own controls. Officer mobility was assessed via the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) and postural sway (including total sway, average sway velocity, medial-lateral velocity, anterior-posterior velocity, and total excursion area) via force plate.ResultsSignificant differences were found between ILAV or N conditions in various components of the FMS, including right Straight Leg Raise, left shoulder mobility, and both right and left quad rotary stability. No significant differences were found in any of the balance measures between these conditions.ConclusionIt appears ILAVs can significantly affect police officer mobility and therefore may contribute to injury risk and decreased ability to complete occupational tasks, though this should be weighed against protective benefits. ILAVs should therefore be carefully selected to minimise injury risk without detracting from occupational performance.  相似文献   
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目的:分析《何氏虚劳心传》的用药规律,探讨虚劳的病机和治法特点。方法使用频数表对《何氏虚劳心传》治疗虚劳的21首方剂中所列药物的分类、使用频次、归经进行统计分析。结果虚劳的用药频次以补虚药最高,归经以肾膀胱经、肺大肠经、脾胃经为多。结论虚劳的基本病机在于阴虚,治疗注重补肾、健脾胃、生活调摄。  相似文献   
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刘炫  宋华琳 《中国药事》2019,33(11):1212-1216
目的:评析2019年版《药品管理法》中的法律责任制度的创新,明确药品市场主体的主体责任和药品监管者的监管责任,以期减少药品违法事件的发生,保证公众用药安全。方法:对比2001年版《药品管理法》,结合行政法原理,加之比较法的视角,对2019年版《药品管理法》进行解析。结果与结论:2019年版《药品管理法》强化了法律责任的重要性,设定了更为严格的法律责任,通过体系化的制度设计和完善的法律责任机制,提高了违法者的违法成本,有助于遏制和惩戒违法行为。  相似文献   
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This reflection comes from interviews with survivors of the Holocaust. Some survivors arise from a profoundly religious environment. We noticed that the environment, the tools set up to take (bring) out there were different (because of the context) from what we had met until now. The concept of resilience is dynamic and must inevitably consider the environment and the context of their life. We hypothesize that for each micro society must be found its own strength, which induce its way of being resilient.ObjectivesWe hypothesis that this microsociety developed in itself the way to get out of its traumatic events. To showcase these resilience factors (part II) we try to define the salient features of those members (les “marqueur”).MethodWe had about twenty semi-directed interviews on the subject of the WWII and its transmission to the children of survivors. Working on this population is innovative. This microsystem is not interested in university, and Holocaust is not either a matter of subject. At first, we propose five defining criterias for this microsystem: (1) god's place and faith (2) exiles and sufferings (3) the strength of the law, (4) ancestry and filiation (5) grouping around a “Rebbe”. Then, we will discuss about the “resilience's tutors” for this microsociety.ResultsWe propose four resilience's tutors, and each of them is conceptual, not ingrown: (1) the silent of the spouse, (2) law, (3) filiation, (4) daily rite.DiscussionThe notion of “concept-tuteur de resilience” refers not in human being who could palliate lack of figure of attachment but to an absolute figure of faith which would give to this microsystem the ways of resilience.ConclusionWe should, to validate this notion, diply study the relation between faith and resilience. It makes sens for the microsystem because faith and Jewish identity are exactly the reason, which officially put them in danger.  相似文献   
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【目的】 分析农业科技论文中的信息安全问题,指出信息安全关键点,为防止因学术传播泄露国家(企业)机密和保护信息安全提供参考。【方法】 依据我国相关法律法规以及编辑工作实践,对农业科技期刊论文发表中的信息安全关键点进行分析。【结果】 总结出农业科技论文中的信息安全关键点,即全国性的农业基础数据、涉密的科研项目、生物育种技术、食品安全、动物疫情、植物病害、地理信息、气象信息等。针对信息安全问题提出如下应对策略:提高编辑人员信息安全意识和涉密数据识别能力、建立完整的信息安全审查机制、联合探索信息权限控制技术手段、对作者加强信息安全知识宣传、增加行业期刊间的沟通与交流。【结论】 编辑部应将国家安全和利益放在重要位置,以国家法律法规以及农业农村部的有关规定为依据,把控农业科技论文信息安全关键点,确保发表论文的信息安全。  相似文献   
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