复方地龙胶囊治疗中风（脑梗死）恢复期的疗效及安全性

目的观察复方地龙胶囊治疗中风恢复期的疗效及安全性。方法随机将80例中风患者分为治疗组48例、对照组32例;治疗组采用复方地龙胶囊,对照组采用脑安胶囊。结果复方地龙胶囊总进步率75％,总有效率79．17％;脑安胶囊总进步率46．88％,总有效率46．88％,两组比较有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论复方地龙胶囊具有化瘀通络、益气活血的功效,用于中风恢复期治疗能明显地改善患者的临床症状和体征,是中风恢复期治疗的有效药物。     

疏血通联合低分子肝素钙治疗急性脑梗死临床观察

目的观察疏血通注射液联合低分子肝素钙治疗脑梗死急性期的临床效果。方法将116例急性脑梗死患者随机分为两组,治疗组58例用疏血通注射液联合低分子肝素钙治疗,对照组58例单纯用低分子肝素钙治疗。治疗前后分别测定血液流变学参数,并进行神经功能缺损程度评分和疗效比较。结果治疗组总有效率明显高于对照组（P〈0.05）,神经功能缺损评分减少程度明显优于对照组（P〈0.05）,且无不良反应。结论疏血通对治疗急性脑梗死有较好的疗效。     

蚓激酶主要药效的实验研究

蚓激酶(EK)经尾静脉给Wistar大鼠注射500u/kg EK后60～80分钟,ma值有明显降低。注射5000u/kg EK60-80分钟后,用血栓弹力图等仪器测得的主要药效与同等剂量的尿激酶具有相同的效果。     

地龙中蛋白质的提取工艺研究

目的确定地龙中的蛋白质含量的最佳提取工艺。方法以地龙中的蛋白质含量为评价指标,采用考马斯亮兰法检测地龙中有效成分蛋白质含量,在确定地龙的最佳提取次数的基础上,选择三因素（浸泡时间、加水量、提取时间）,三水平的正交试验方法,并结合得膏率,优化地龙的提取工艺。结果地龙的最佳提取工艺条件是适量的地龙药材加10倍量的水,浸泡40min,煎煮3次,第1次90min,第2,第3次分别为60min。结论该工艺操作方法简单,提取率高,适宜于大批量生产。     

蚯蚓QY-Ⅰ对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能及抗氧化酶的影响

目的 从观察对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能及对抗氧化酶的影响，初步探讨蚯蚓QY-Ⅰ的抗肿瘤机制。方法 分别测定正常与口服给药后小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬率；观察测定QY-Ⅰ对荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤作用、免疫器官重量的影响及其血中过氧化氢酶CAT、超氧化物歧化酶SOD和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶GSH-Px的活性。结果 QY-Ⅰ能显著增强小鼠巨噬细胞的吞噬功能，提高荷瘤小鼠的脾指数和胸腺指数，并能增加小鼠血中CAT、SOD和GSH-Px三种抗氧化酶的活性。结论 QY-Ⅰ能通过增强小鼠免疫功能，清除自由基抗脂质过氧化作用。从而抑制肿瘤的生长。     

Evaluation of cytotoxic and anti-tumor activity of partially purified serine protease isolate from the Indian earthworm Pheretima posthuma

Objective

To isolate, partially purify and evaluate the cytotoxic and antitumor activity of a serine protease from the chosen Indian earthworm Pheretima posthuma.

Methods

Whole animal extract was prepared and purified its protein constituents by size and charge based chromatographic separation techniques using Sephadex G-50 and DEAE-Cellulose resin respectively. Average molecular weight of the protein isolate was determined and analyzed for its cytotoxic property against Vero cells in different dilutions (1: 20 and 1: 40) and anti-tumor activity by MTT assay (a colorimetric assay) using breast cancer cell line MCF-7, with tamoxifen as standard.

Results

One of the protein constituents after purification was characterized as serine protease by Caseinolytic plate diffusion assay. Average molecular weight of this purified isolate was determined, by SDS-PAGE analysis with standard protein ladder, as of 15 kDa. The performed tests suggested that the 15kDa fraction has potent cytotoxic activity and satisfactory antitumor activity as well in vitro.

Conclusions

Exact molecular mechanism of the cytotoxic and antitumor activities is yet to be explored and currently we are working on ultra-purification and biophysical characterization of this fraction. Further investigation into the mechanism(s) of cytotoxic and antitumor activities at molecular level would be useful in treatment of various classes of cancer and viral infections in future.     

蚯蚓在医药保健方面的综合利用研究

对中药蚯蚓进行现代生物技术处理,可同时得到四个有药用价值的组分,大分子组分具有一定的抗癌作用;中等分子组分具有溶性活性;小分子组分富含氨基酸及多种矿质元素和微量元素;另外还可得到一个可治疗烧、烫伤的组分.对其主要组分进行了基础生化特性及药用价值研究.这四个组分均可进一步开发为药品或保健品.蚯蚓进行综合利用,能科学、合理和有效地利用生物资源,充分发挥其各组分的药用价值.     

An electron microscopic study of neurosecretion in the cerebral ganglion of the earthworm

Non-synaptic, exocytotic release of neurosecretory granules in cerebral ganglion neurons was observed electron microscopically in 3 species of the oligochaete annelids Aporrectodea caliginosa, Octolasion cyaneum and Lumbricus terrestris. In addition to the features indicating exocytotic release of neurosecretory granules into perineuronal space, possible features of neurosecretion into blood vessels were seen within the cerebral ganglion. Axon terminals in synaptic contact with perikaryal profiles of cerebral ganglion neurons were also found.     

The eco-toxic effects of pesticide and heavy metal mixtures towards earthworms in soil

Earthworms are the key soil organisms, contribute to many positive ecological services that could be degraded by pesticides and other soil pollutants such as heavy metals. Chemicals usually occur as mixtures in the environmental systems which can lead synergistic effects. The assessment and characterization of soil pollutants that effects risks are very difficult due to the complexity of soil matrix, poor understanding about the fate and effects of chemical combinations like pesticide and metal mixtures in terrestrial systems, and scarcity of toxicological data on mixtures of pollutants. In this review we summarized the current studies on individual and joint effects of pesticides and metals on earthworms and indicate the mixture that cause the synergistic interactions. The review explores the methods and models used previously to evaluate the toxicity of chemical mixtures, and suggests the perspective approaches for a better knowledge of combine effects as well as research methods The summarized report indicates that pesticide and metal mixtures at all organization levels affect the earthworms negatively. Whereas, the combined pollution generated by mixtures of pesticides and metal ions could induce the DNA damage, disruption in enzyme activities, reduction in individual survival, production and growth rate, change in individual behavior such as feeding rate, and decrease in the total earthworm community biomass and density. Among the pesticides organophosphates were identified the most toxic pesticides causing the synergistic effects. The findings indicate the scarcity of toxicological data concerning the assessment of pesticide and metal mixtures at genome level; while the mechanisms causing synergism were still not sufficiently explored.     

复方地龙汤对变态反应性哮喘的影响

目的：探讨复方地龙汤抗动物变态反应性哮喘的作用。方法：采用组胺喷雾致豚鼠哮喘法：致敏豚鼠离体气管平滑肌过敏性收缩实验法；离体气管片法：肺支气管灌流法进行试验。结果：复方地龙汤水煎液对喷入组胺致喘的豚鼠。能使其哮喘潜伏期延长（P〈0．01）；能使致敏豚鼠离体气管平滑肌过敏性收缩有非常显著的抑制作用（P〈0．01）；在抗组胺实验中，对给予组胺后的豚鼠离体气管片有非常显著的舒张作用（P〈0．01）；使肺支气管灌流速度加快，灌流量增加（P〈0．01）。结论：复方地龙汤求煎液对由各种过敏递质引起的哮喘．有显著的抑制作用。这可能是因为其对在体、离体气管平滑肌均有松弛作用．并拮抗组胺等过敏递质对气道的炎性反应和具有激动体内β-受体和免疫系统。从而发挥其作用的。