Is the spectacle lens jack‐in‐the‐box phenomenon really due to the lenses?

The calculation of the extent of the ring scotoma around positive lenses, as conventionally taught to students of clinical optics, indicates that the scotoma is of a significant size. Using knife-edge lenses this study shows that the calculations are invalid due to the finite size of the eye's entrance pupil and in many instances the scotoma is shown not to exist. The effect noticed in clinical practice is probably largely due to the frame and the edging techniques used which add to the refractive scotoma which is present with high powered lenses, large apertures and/or small pupil sizes.     

运用市场手段实现医药自然分开的理论探讨

回顾了韩国、我国台湾和大陆实行医药分开改革的过程,认为我国以往的相关改革陷入了“管制”的思维误区。认为通过制度设计,创造医疗机构门诊处方自由流动的环境,依靠市场竞争形成处方流向结构多元化,可以实现医药自然分开状态。提出了“医药自然分开”、“处方流向结构”和“处方分散度”等新概念。     

Downward deviation of progressive addition lenses in a myopia control trial

PURPOSE: To clarify how the downward deviation of progressive addition lenses (PALs) reduces their near-addition effect in schoolchildren participating in a myopia control trial. METHODS: Among 95 schoolchildren wearing PALs for 6 months (age range: 6-12 years; refractive error range: -6.00 to -1.25 D), facial images were captured with a digital still camera placed 60 cm in front of the eyes while he or she was looking ahead with natural head posture. The vertical deviations of PALs from their ideal position (mm) were evaluated by analysing these images. RESULTS: The mean (+/-SD) downward deviations of PALs for the right and left eyes were 3.7 +/- 2.3 and 3.7 +/- 2.0 mm, respectively, and the largest downward deviation was 10.2 mm. For simulations using the average downward deviation, the near-addition effect of PALs was reduced to 30 and 63% of the expected value at the 10 degrees and 20 degrees downward eye positions, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The downward deviation of PALs is a significant factor in reducing their therapeutic effect for near-addition. To ensure the proper alignment of PALs in children, the conventional spectacle-frame-fitting procedure is not sufficient, and repeated confirmation using a testing method similar to that used in this study is required.     

静脉用药调配中心干预不合理医嘱的效益分析

目的对静脉用药调配中心(pharmacy intravenous admixture services,PIVAS)干预临床不合理用药产生的经济效益、社会效益、人力资源效益进行分析,促进临床合理、安全、经济用药。方法采用回顾性分析方法,调取2018年10月1-31日山东大学齐鲁医院PIVAS接收的全部静脉用药医嘱及对不合理用药医嘱的干预结果,分析PIVAS干预不合理用药医嘱产生的药品资源、人力资源节约情况。结果2018年10月1-31日PIVAS药师共审核用药医嘱412782组,其中不合理医嘱1967组,占0.417%,包括不规范、不适宜及超常医嘱等类型。通过PIVAS药师干预不合理用药医嘱,及时纠正医师用药医嘱错误,节约了药品资源及护理工时。结论PIVAS进行用药医嘱审核对于保障患者临床合理用药具有积极意义,有利于节约医疗资源。     

一种白蚁预防工程自动配药系统的研制

目的设计一种用于白蚁预防工程的小型自动配药系统。方法集成配药单元、流量监测单元、计量单元、施药单元及支撑载体等功能模块,设计研发一款自动配药系统。结果精准度试验表明系统自动配药偏差率,5%联苯菊酯水乳剂为-4%、20%吡虫啉悬浮剂为-6%,实现了施工现场的精准配药,降低了施工人员的劳动强度和中毒风险。结论该自动配药系统实用性强、实际应用效果好,值得在白蚁防治工作中推广应用。     

小青龙汤配方颗粒与传统饮片中芍药苷含量的比较

目的 比较小青龙汤配方颗粒与传统饮片中芍药苷的含量。方法 采用高效液相色谱法进行分析比较研究。结果 该测定方法精密度、稳定性和重复性良好，平均回收率为101．78％，RSD=0．85％。结论 两种剂型中芍药苷的含量无明显差异。     

基于医院信息系统摆药中心作业模式的研究

目的 :建立基于医院信息系统的摆药中心作业模式。方法 :从摆药时间确定、设置与切换、医嘱提取、库存管理、计价、退药等方面进行数字化分析。结果与结论 :所建立的作业模式方便可行 ,可有效地确保医嘱摆药和药品收费的准确和及时。