PGA指数和透明质酸在诊断慢性乙肝肝纤维化中的价值

目的：寻找一种简便实用的诊断慢性乙型肝炎纤维化的方法。方法：以78例经肝穿刺病理证实的慢性乙型肝炎为对象，测定并比较了由PT、GGT、ApoA1组成的PGA指数和HA、LN、PⅢP、C－IV与肝内纤维化程度(S)和炎症活动度（G）的关系。结果：（1）LN、PⅢP、C－IV在轻度慢性乙肝时无明显升高，在中度慢性乙肝时明显高于正常，但与轻度慢性乙肝无差异，而PGA指数和HA不仅在轻度慢性乙肝时显著升高，而且在轻中度间差异明显.因重度慢性乙肝和活动性肝硬化时，五项指标均显著增高。（2）在G2－4期，HA、LN、PⅢP、C－IV均明显高升，但在G1期，只有PGA指数高于正常，且各期间差异显著。（3）在S1－2期，只有PGA指数、HA、C－IV明显上升，但C－IV的上升幅度远低于PGA指数和HA。（4）加以PGA＞4．5或HA＞200μg／L作为判断临界值，则两者判断肝纤维化的敏感性均＞94％，精确性＞91％，特异性＞86％，如两者结合，则分别达到98．3％、95．2％和96．4％。结论：PGA指数和HA均是反映慢性乙型肝炎患者肝内纤维化程度的良好指标，两者联合检测则可达到最大的价值效益比。     

肾小球肾炎足细胞脱落与肾组织钠氢交换调节因子2表达的研究

目的探讨肾小球足细胞脱落情况及其与病理改变的关系；探讨6类肾炎中肾组织钠氢交换调节因子2（NHERF2）基因表达量的变化及其与足细胞损伤的关系。方法将患者分为肾炎组（原发性肾炎和狼疮性肾炎）、非肾炎组、健康对照组；用间接免疫荧光法检测尿足细胞数量，用荧光定量PCR检测肾组织NHERF2蛋白，比较不同类型肾炎足细胞脱落情况及NHERF2基因表达量。结果原发性肾炎和狼疮性肾炎（LN）组患者尿足细胞脱落较健康对照组显著增多（P〈0．05）；活动期LN患者尿足细胞脱落较缓解期LN显著增多（P〈0．05）；原发性肾炎组中局灶节段硬化性肾小球肾炎（FSGS）患者尿足细胞脱落最多，其次为膜性肾病（MS）患者，二者与健康对照组相比，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。MS患者尿足细胞脱落比微小病变性肾病（MCD）患者显著增多（P〈0．05）。原发性肾炎组和LN组患者肾组织NHERF2基因表达量均较非肾炎组显著降低（P〈0．05）。肾炎患者尿足细胞脱落数量和肾组织NHERF2基因表达之间具有相关性（r=0．318，P〈0．05）。结论根据尿足细胞脱落数量可初步推断FSGS和LN的病理改变类型、预测LN的疾病进展和预后，可能为临床MS与MCD的鉴别提供依据；证明肾小球足细胞脱落可能与肾组织NHERF2基因表达减低有关，提示足细胞NHERF2基因表达缺陷可能参与足细胞损伤脱落的机制。     

Engulfment of mast cell secretory granules on skin inflammation boosts dendritic cell migration and priming efficiency

1. Download : Download high-res image (228KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

     

层粘连蛋白、DNA含量及细胞核面积对肺癌患者预后的影响

采用免疫组化染色，流式细胞术及体视学测量技术对38例肺癌标本进行LN表达、DNA含量及核面积均值测定，用多因素生存分析法分析这三种指标对肺癌患者生存期的影响。结果提示：多因素生存分析表明DI及核面积均值可作为肺癌患者的预后判断指标。     

The Efficacy of Lymph Node Embolization Using N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate Compared to Ethanol Sclerotherapy in the Management of Symptomatic Lymphorrhea after Pelvic Surgery

Purpose

To compare the efficacy of lymph node (LN) embolization using N-butyl cyanoacrylate versus ethanol sclerotherapy in the management of symptomatic postoperative pelvic lymphorrhea.

End-Stage Renal Disease and Mortality Outcomes Across Different Glomerulonephropathies in a Large Diverse US Population

Objective

To compare renal function decline, incident end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and mortality among patients with 5 common glomerular diseases in a large diverse population.

肝达康胶囊联合恩替卡韦治疗慢性乙型肝炎的临床研究

目的 探讨肝达康胶囊联合恩替卡韦治疗慢性乙型肝炎的临床疗效。方法 选取2018年1月-2019年6月于新乡医学院第一附属医院感染科就诊的124例慢性乙型肝炎患者,随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各62例。对照组口服马来酸恩替卡韦片,1片/次,1次/d。治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上口服肝达康胶囊,8粒/次,3次/d。两组均连续治疗3个月。观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组治疗前后肝功能指标、肝纤维化指标、Th1和Th2细胞百分比和细胞因子水平的变化情况。结果 治疗后,治疗组和对照组的总有效率分别是95.16%、82.26%（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组患者血清丙氨酸氨基转氨酶（ALT）和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）同各组治疗前相比均显著降低（P<0.05）;与对照组相比,治疗后治疗组患者血清ALT和AST水平降低更加明显（P<0.05）。治疗后两组患者血清层黏连蛋白（LN）、透明质酸（HA）、Ⅲ型前胶原N端肽（PCIII）、Ⅳ型胶原（IV-C）水平均明显下降（P<0.05）;且治疗后治疗组上述指标同对照组相比降低更加明显（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组Th1、Th1/Th2显著降低,而Th2显著升高（P<0.05）;与对照组相比,治疗后治疗组Th1、Th1/Th2显著更低,而Th2显著更高（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组患者γ干扰素（IFN-γ）、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）水平均显著下降,而白细胞介素4（IL-4）、白细胞介素6（IL-6）水平均显著升高（P<0.05）;治疗后,治疗组患者IFN-γ、TNF-α水平低于对照组,而IL-4、IL-6水平高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 肝达康胶囊联合恩替卡韦治疗慢性乙型肝炎具有较好的临床疗效,能显著改善患者肝脏损伤情况,可能与改善Th1/Th2细胞失衡有关,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

B cell elimination in systemic lupus erythematosus

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder with a worldwide distribution, potentially life-threatening with considerable morbidity. The elimination of pathogenic B cells has emerged as a rational therapeutic option. Many open label studies have reported encouraging results in which clinical and serological remission have invariably been described, often enabling the reduction of steroid and immunosuppressive treatment. However, the results from randomized controlled studies have been disappointing and several questions remain to be answered. In this review we will focus on results of B cell direct depletion in the treatment of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.     

Diagnosis of intra-abdominal and mediastinal sarcoidosis with EUS-guided FNA

BACKGROUND: In the presence of a compatible clinical picture, the diagnosis of sarcoidosis requires pathologic confirmation of noncaseating epithelioid granuloma in affected tissues. The standard procedure of choice for most patients is a bronchoscopy with transbronchial biopsy (TBB), which has a diagnostic yield of 40% to 90%. The lowest yield with TBB is in cases that present with predominant mediastinal or intra-abdominal lymphadenopathy (LN) and minimal parenchymal lung involvement. OBJECTIVE: To study the diagnostic yield of EUS-guided FNA in diagnosing sarcoidosis with predominant LN or masses. DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: Teaching university hospital. PATIENTS: Analysis of 21 consecutive patients with sarcoidosis and predominant mediastinal and/or intra-abdominal LN or masses who underwent EUS-guided FNA. RESULTS: EUS-guided FNA diagnosed sarcoidosis in 18 of 21 patients (86%). In 3 patients, EUS-guided FNA was either not diagnostic or inconclusive, and patients underwent mediastinoscopy with lymphadenectomy, which established the diagnosis of sarcoidosis. Seven of the 21 patients (33%) had intra-abdominal LN and/or masses, and EUS-guided FNA of the intra-abdominal pathology was diagnostic of sarcoidosis in 4 of the 7 patients (57%). Four of the 21 patients (19%) had a history of malignancy, and use of EUS-guided FNA helped in ruling out the recurrence of malignancy in 3 of the 4 patients (75%). LIMITATIONS: Mycobacterial and fungal culture was not obtained in all patients. CONCLUSIONS: EUS-guided FNA offers a practical, minimally invasive technique for the diagnosis of sarcoidosis in patients who present with predominant mediastinal and/or intra-abdominal LN or masses.