散结消肿贴中大黄重楼提取工艺优选研究

目的：优选散结消肿贴中大黄、重楼的渗漉提取工艺。方法：以总固体物得率和总蒽醌得率为指标，用正交实验优选。结果：工艺中影响最大的因素是乙醇浓度，其次是乙醇用量，浸泡时间影响较小。最佳工艺条件为乙醇浓度65％，乙醇用量8倍量。浸泡时间24h。结论：渗漉法操作简单，成份破坏少，用优选所得条件进行提取，总蒽醌和总固体物得率均较高，优选结果可用于散结消肿贴中大黄、重楼的提取。     

睡眠过渡过程监测的新方法

在系统水平上研究人脑的睡眠过渡过程,以寻求监测睡眠过渡过程的新方法.方法:让15名睡眠良好者进行睡眠中的行为反应实验,获取行为反应量.结果:发现行为反应量与脑电图所反映的脑状态一致,且能反应睡眠过渡过程中脑状态的微小变化.结论:以行为反应量监测睡眠过渡过程,结果可靠,操作简便,对被试者干扰小.     

16例茎突综合征误诊原因分析

目的吸取误诊教训，提高对茎突综合征诊断水平。方法回顾性分析3例茎突综合征误诊的临床资料。结果找出误诊原因，并借助文献进行分析、讨论。结论要熟悉茎突综合征的病因，临床特点和并发症，提高警惕性，发现可茎突综合征病人，及时做医学影像检查和咽部触诊。     

Can the process indicators for emergency obstetric care assess the progress of maternal mortality reduction programs? An examination of UNFPA Projects 2000-2004.

BACKGROUND: In view of the disappointing progress made in the last 20 years in reducing maternal mortality in low-income countries and before going to scale in implementing the new evidence-based strategies, it is crucial to review and assess the progress made in pilot countries where maternal mortality reduction programs focused on emergency obstetric care. OBJECTIVE: To review the process indicators recommended for monitoring emergency obstetric care and their application in field situations, examining the conditions under which they can be used to assess the progress of maternal mortality reduction programs. METHODS: Five of the six UN recommended process indicators were monitored annually for 5 years in selected districts of Morocco, Mozambique, India and Nicaragua. Trends are presented and discussed. RESULTS: With specific variations due to different local situations in the four countries and in spite of variations in quality of data collection, all indicators showed a consistent positive trend, in response to the inputs of the programs. CONCLUSIONS: The UN process indicators for emergency obstetric care should continue to be promoted, but with two important conditions: (1) data collection is carefully checked for quality and coverage; (2) efforts are made to match process and outcome indicators (maternal and perinatal mortality, incidence of complications).     

辣蓼颗粒成型工艺的研究

目的探讨辣蓼颗粒的成型工艺条件。方法考察不同辅料即乳糖、玉米淀粉和糊精对浸膏粉吸湿性的影响；用正交试验法优选制粒工艺条件及评价颗粒的流动性与吸湿性等。结果3种辅料均可明显降低浸膏粉的吸湿性；最佳制粒工艺条件为浸膏粉与玉米淀粉、乳糖按2：2：1的比例混匀，以75％乙醇为润湿剂制软材，湿粒以70％温度干燥，成品颗粒的流动性好；临界相对湿度为75％。结论混合辅料（玉米淀粉和乳糖）可改善浸膏粉的成型性和颗粒剂的抗湿性；辣蓼颗粒制粒工艺条件的优化为产品的工业生产环境控制提供了科学依据。     

住院医师规范化培训过程管理的实践与探索：基于信息化管理平台

本研究基于信息化管理平台的建设,深入探索了住院医师规范化培训过程管理方法。研究结合管理实践,对过程管理内容进行了梳理和分析,并将过程管理理念与内容融入信息化管理平台的开发建设中。通过信息化平台的建设,实现了科学有效的住培过程化管理,以过程管理为核心的信息化管理平台不仅有助于住培制度的更新与落实,还构建了多角色关联互动的桥梁,保证了信息的准确性,推动了质量保障体系的建设。该研究为保障培训质量提供了有效工具,对培养卓越医学人才具有重大意义。     

基于层次分析评价和模糊综合评价模型的临床医学课程思政实施效果评价

目的 探索基于层次分析评价和模糊综合评价模型的临床医学课程思政实施效果评价体系构建和应用。方法 利用Yaahp软件构建基于层次分析评价和模糊综合评价模型的临床医学课程思政实施效果评价体系。在西安交通大学第一附属医院185名学生的内科学课程中实施德医并举的课程思政清单式教学,并在课程结束时应用此评价体系得到定量的综合评价结果。结果 基于层次分析评价和模糊综合评价模型构建了临床医学课程思政实施效果评价体系,以德医双馨的育人目标为目标层,师德师风、课程设计、学生体会、发展评估为准则层,分13项方案层。利用此评价体系评价2020至2021学年第一学期内科学课程思政实施效果,结果显示德医并举的课程思政清单教学具有良好的育人效果,定量综合评价得分4.080分（1~5分）。结论 临床医学课程思政实施效果的评价可基于层次分析评价和模糊综合评价模型构建,具有科学、定量、综合和可改进等特点。     

心室晚电位的时间－频率表示法的进一步改进

在心室晚电位的研究中，我们引入了信号的时间一频率表示法，并根据晚电位的具体特性用Ｗｉｇｎｅｒ分布法（维格纳分布）把信号表示为在时间及频率空间中的能量分布。由于Ｗｉｇｎｅｒ分布的优异性质使我们有可能更准确表示出心室晚电位的存在。但当输入信号是两个信号的线性叠加时，Ｗｉｇｎｅｒ分布的结果会出现一个交叉项，相当于引入干扰。针对此不足，作者介绍改进方案，消除部分交叉项，收到较好的效果，并给出一些仿真及应用实例。     

Neutrophil Migration in Opposing Chemoattractant Gradients Using Microfluidic Chemotaxis Devices

Neutrophils migrating in tissue respond to complex overlapping signals generated by a variety of chemotactic factors (CFs). Previous studies suggested a hierarchy between bacteria-derived CFs and host-derived CFs but could not differentiate neutrophil response to potentially equal host-derived CFs (IL-8 and LTB₄). This paper reports neutrophil migration in conflicting gradients of IL-8 and LTB₄ using a microfluidic chemotaxis device that can generate stable and well-defined gradients. We quantitatively characterized the movement of cells from time-lapse images. Neutrophils migrate more efficiently toward single IL-8 gradients than single LTB₄ gradients as measured by the effective chemotactic index (ECI). In opposing gradients of IL-8 and LTB₄, neutrophils show obvious chemotaxis toward a distant gradient, consistent with previous reports. When an opposing gradient of LTB₄ is present, neutrophils show less effective chemotaxis toward IL-8 than when they are in a gradient of IL-8 alone. In contrast, the chemotactic response of neutrophils to LTB₄ is not reduced in opposing gradients as compared to that in a single LTB₄ gradient. These results indicate that the presence of one host-derived CF modifies the response of neutrophils to a second CF suggesting a subtle hierarchy between them.This revised version was published online in May 2005 with corrected author affiliations