加强教师自身素质修养的思考

本科教学工作水平评估是教育部对高等学校办学水平和办学能力的一次全面检验,是对高校的人才培养质量和本科教学工作的最高权威评价。教师应不断加强自身的素质修养,迎接教育部的评估工作。     

加强教师自身素质修养的思考

本科教学工作水平评估是教育部对高等学校办学水平和办学能力的一次全面检验,是对高校的人才培养质量和本科教学工作的最高权威评价。教师应不断加强自身的素质修养,迎接教育部的评估工作。     

从自我发展角度构建脑卒中病人的护理框架

[目的]从自我发展角度开发脑卒中病人的护理框架,将脑卒中病人的护理现象体系化。[方法]以自我发展概念为中心,结合相关理论及文献,并用演绎和归纳两种思维方式构思护理框架,然后经专家会议就其信度加以审议。[结果]脑卒中病人自我发展的护理框架由3个子框架构成,其中自我发展框架提示了展示层次和展示形态;护理干预框架提示了干预层次和干预方式;护士和病人相互作用框架提示了护患互动的过程。[结论]所形成的脑卒中自我发展护理框架可作为开发脑卒中病人护理评价工具的素材,从而将整体护理意识具体化。     

How employment support and social integration programmes are viewed by the intellectually disabled

Background   Supported employment is intended to facilitate and promote participation and integration of intellectually disabled citizens in society. This study investigated their view of the programme.
Methods   Q-methodology was used. Eighteen respondents with a mild intellectual disability rank-ordered 22 statements representing five main aspects of supported employment. The data were factor-analysed to group respondents according to their views. Q-methodology was a feasible approach that facilitated in-depth conversations with respondents with a mild intellectual disability in a playful manner.
Results   Two views on the impact of supported employment on social integration were observed: 'work as participation' and 'work as structure'. The first placed greater value on participation, task variety, belonging, and feeling appreciated; the second placed greater value on working independently, clear working agreements, and friendly co-workers. The views indicate two distinct approaches to effecting a positive relationship between supported employment and social integration.
Conclusion   From the perspective of people with an intellectual disability supported employment contributes to self-development and has a positive effect on well-being, albeit in different ways for the individual groups.     

Book Reviews

Books Reviewed:
J. Stackhouse and B. Wells Children's Speech and Literacy Difficulties: A Psycholinguistic Framework.
L. Atkinson & K. J. Zucker Attachment and Psychopathology
T. A. Lang and M. Secic. How to Report Statistics in Medicine: Annotated Guidelines for Authors, Editors, and Reviewers
T. Attwood. Jessica Kingsley Asperger's Syndrome: A Guide for Parents and Professionals     

Imitation and Identification in Autism

This study was designed to test the prediction that adolescents with autism would have specific limitations in imitating the "style" of another person's actions. In a series of original tasks that tested the delayed imitation of novel nonsymbolic actions, 16 participants with autism and 16 nonautistic participants group-matched for age and verbal ability were proficient in copying goal-directed actions, but in 3 out of 4 tasks, strikingly fewer participants with autism imitated with style with which the demonstrator executed the actions. An additional finding was that on 2 conditions that involved copying self-orientated actions, only 5 of the participants with autism but 15 of the 16 nonautistic participants spontaneously adopted the orientation-to-self on at least 1 occasion. The results are discussed with reference to theories concerning imitation deficits in autism, and with regard to the proposal that autism involves an impairment in intersubjective contact between affected individuals and others (Hobson, 1989, 1993; Rogers & Pennington, 1991).     

Using Constructivist Self-Development Theory to Understand Judges' Reactions to a Courthouse Shooting: An Exploratory Study

In 2006 Judge Chuck Weller was shot through his office window. Nine judges who work with Weller were interviewed using the framework of constructivist self-development theory (CSDT), which proposes that trauma can interfere with safety, esteem, intimacy, trust and control needs. CSDT has been used to study trauma victims and counselors but has yet to be used with judges. Judges' responses were generally consistent with CSDT, because every judge experienced distortions in at least one CSDT need. Each need was distorted in at least five judges. Distortions were generally mild to moderate, except in a few judges, who had more extreme safety needs distortions. Additionally, judges relied on past experiences (e.g., prosecutors, lawyers, soldiers) to help them cope. Finally, many judges distanced themselves from Weller by reasoning that they work in different buildings or are not family court judges like Weller. Further research is needed to fully understand judges' reactions to trauma.     

Professional Practice Development Groups—a method of reviewing clinical practice

A new tool, the Professional Practice Development Group, is proposed for the evaluation of clinical aspects of a dietetic service. This tool relies on giving individuals specific roles in order to break down the task. This paper outlines the nature and purpose of the group. A professional practice development group could form part of a clinical audit programme and also act as a method of self-development for staff.