谈《正常人体学基础》教材及教学方法改进

本文介绍了《正常人体学基础》教材的特点,讨论了本学科教学应注意的问题,强调了要充分地使用标本模型、挂图及多媒体教学,讨论了本学科的学习方法.     

紫甘薯花青素的稳定性及抗氧化性研究

目的探明紫甘薯花青素的稳定性和抗氧化性,为紫甘薯花青素在食品中的加工利用提供理论依据。方法采用HPLC和LC-MSn对ZA1紫甘薯花青素成分进行了分析。比较花青素在室内自然光,紫外光,沸水浴高压灭菌和不同pH值条件下的稳定性。研究了其清除超氧阴离子自由基、羟基自由基和DPPH.自由基等抗氧化性能力。结果紫甘薯花青素成分包括有矢车菊素、飞燕草素、锦葵色素、牵牛花色素和甲基花青素。自然光和紫外光照对花青素稳定性影响较小,高温对花青素稳定性影响较大。pH值对花青素稳定性影响非常大,低pH有利于花青素保留。pH为7.0时,花青素具备较好的清除超氧阴离子、羟基自由基和DPPH.自由基能力。结论紫甘薯花青素稳定性受光照、温度、pH值影响。紫甘薯花青素具有较强的抗氧化能力。     

从《审视瑶函》内治八法看眼科方剂的配伍特点

通过对《审视瑶函》300余首方剂的分析,提炼出该书疏风、清热、补益、除湿、祛痰、理血、熄风、明目退翳等眼科内治八法的方剂配伍用药特点,认为它产生于古代眼科治法及方剂的成熟时期,其治法及方剂在中医眼科中具有很强代表性,由此可以了解中医眼科方剂的主要配伍用药规律。     

《寿亲养老新书》养生学术思想述评

《寿亲养老新书》是我国现存早期的老年病学、养生学著作,对后世医家、养生学家影响很大。书中针对老年人的情志、生理、病理特点,提出了诸如重视饮食调治,注重医药扶持,注重摄养之道,特别提到精神摄养、四时摄养、起居摄养及导引、吐纳、运动等摄养之法,内容详尽,对今人不无借鉴之处。     

血清白蛋白检测方法对糖化白蛋白的影响

随机抽取306份不同白蛋白( Alb)浓度的新鲜血清标本,分别用溴甲酚绿法( BCG)、改良溴甲酚紫法( mBCP)、免疫比浊法( ITA )检测 Alb 浓度,液态酶法检测糖化白蛋白( GA) ,并计算GA值[ GA%(%) =GA/Alb × 100%]. 正常Alb浓度( Alb≥ 40 g/L )时, BCG 与 mBCP 法、BCG 与 ITA法、mBCP与ITA法检测结果比较,临床差异不明显,而且GA% BCG与GA% mBCP比较,差异无统计学意义( P=0. 537 );低Alb浓度( Alb<40 g/L)时,BCG法分别与mBCP、ITA法比较差异有统计学意义( P < 0. 01 ) , GA% BCG明显低于GA% mBCP ( P <0. 01 ). 故正常 Alb 浓度时, BCG、mBCP 与ITA 法三者结果差异无明显临床意义,各法用于GA%计算无明显差异;但低Alb浓度时,mBCP与ITA法二者一致性优于BCG与ITA法,若使用BCG法则GA%结果可能被低估.     

自制口袋书在提高护士对专科应急预案知晓率的应用和效果评价

目的：提高护士对应急预案知晓率,确保护理安全,,加强护理人员对应急情况的处理。方法由妇产科病区护士组成品管圈小组,并根据第八版《妇产科学》及妇产科专科应急预案设计调查问卷,对全科护士进行考核,再通过应急预案口袋书的学习,对活动前后进行对比。结果活动后,护士对专科应急预案知晓率由活动前的62.13%提高到活动后的96.16%,专科应急预案相关技能考核由活动前的84.58%提高到活动后的93.05%。结论活动对护士掌握专科应急预案的相关知识及相关技能考核有明显提高,从而确保护理安全,降低医疗风险,减少护患纠纷,提高满意度[1]。     

Spectrophotometric Determination of Irrigant Extrusion Using Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation,EndoActivator, or Syringe Irrigation

Introduction

Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) irrigation is critical to endodontic success, and several new methods have been developed to improve irrigation efficacy (eg, passive ultrasonic irrigation [PUI] and EndoActivator [EA]). Using a novel spectrophotometric method, this study evaluated NaOCl irrigant extrusion during canal irrigation.

Methods

One hundred fourteen single-rooted extracted teeth were decoronated to leave 15 mm of the root length for each tooth. Cleaning and shaping of the teeth were completed using standardized hand and rotary instrumentation to an apical file size #40/0.04 taper. Roots were sealed (not apex), and 54 straight roots (n = 18/group) and 60 curved roots (>20° curvature, n = 20/group) were included. Teeth were irrigated with 5.25% NaOCl by 1 of 3 methods: passive irrigation with needle, PUI, or EA irrigation. Extrusion of NaOCl was evaluated using a pH indicator and a spectrophotometer. Standard curves were prepared with known amounts of irrigant to quantify amounts in unknown samples.

Results

Irrigant extrusion was minimal with all methods, with most teeth showing no NaOCl extrusion in straight or curved roots. Minor NaOCl extrusion (1–3 μL) in straight roots or curved roots occurred in 10%–11% of teeth in all 3 irrigant methods. Two teeth in both the syringe irrigation and the EA group extruded 3–10 μL of NaOCl.

Conclusions

The spectrophotometric method used in this study proved to be very sensitive while providing quantification of the irrigant levels extruded. Using the PUI or EA tip to within 1 mm of the working length appears to be fairly safe, but apical anatomy can vary in teeth to allow extrusion of irrigant.     

上海图书馆馆藏抄本医书《增补〈病机提要〉》考析

[目的]通过对上海图书馆藏孤抄本医书《增补〈病机提要〉》的研究,以辨明其作者,并对该书的内容及价值进行介绍。[方法]从地方志中的相关记载入手,以辨明该书编著者;并利用地方志中的有关资料,系统梳理编著者的生平及著作情况;运用文献学方法,对《增补〈病机提要〉》的内容进行考察。[结果]通过研究地方志,发现该书由明代医家陈时荣原著,后经名医秦景明增订而成;并对秦氏的生平、籍贯、交游、学术传承及著作情况等作了梳理;研究是书内容后发现,该书体例精当,便于查检,论治精详,征引广泛,具有临床应用手册的性质,又经秦氏增补,具有较高的理论和临床价值,值得深入研究。[结论]以《增补〈病机提要〉》为例,稿抄本医书中蕴藏着丰富的宝藏,是中医古籍文献的重要组成部分,具有很高的学术和临床价值,希望更多有志之士投身于此,使其学渐为兴盛。