Effects of STA-MCA anastomosis for ischaemic oculopathy due to occlusion of the internal carotid artery

Summary Effects of STA-MCA anastomosis on two patients with neovascular glaucoma due to occlusion of the internal carotid artery are presented. Both patients improved in visual acuity and central retinal artery pressure as well as in signs of transient ischaemic attack. Postoperative angiography showed a marked decrease in collateral flow through the ophthalmic artery, which is reversed from the normal direction, with the development of blood flow through the anastomosis. Discussion is offered indicating that the lack of collateral flow through both the anterior and posterior communicating arteries is important in addition to occlusion of the internal carotid artery in order to produce full-blown ischaemic oculopathy such as venous stasis retinopathy, neovascular glaucoma or rubeosis iridis. It is stressed that EC-IC bypass surgery should be performed soon after the appearance of ischaemia and before the development of neovascular glaucoma or rubeosis iridis in order to obtain normal vision. In ischaemic oculopathy the results of EC-IC bypass can be evaluated objectively and quantitatively by many noninvasive neuro-ophthalmological tests which are important in discussing the efficacy of the bypass surgery.     

OODG-Ulrich and OPG-Gee: a comparative study

For an adequate assessment of both the ophthalmological and the neurological consequences of carotid obstruction measurement of the blood pressure in the carotid flow area is essential.To this end there are two objective, registrating methods available at the moment: OPG-Gee and OODG-Ulrich. A comparative study was made into the basic principles, calibration curves and application methods of these systems. By both methods the systolic retinal - and ciliary - as well as the diastolic ocular blood pressure can be measured. OODG is more exact for the differentiation and measurement of the two systolic blood pressures. OPG-Gee, however, offers the unique additional possibility of a judgement on the systolic blood pressure in the carotid siphon without, however, taking into acount a (difference in) pre-existing intraocular pressure. Our own investigation shows that in order to obtain a correct assessment of the carotico-brachial relation both blood pressures should be measured simultaneously. The results of the graphic analysis of the curves are compared to those by Ulrich. For the diagnosis of carotid obstructions this analysis of the shape had no advantages over the determination of the pressure values.Finally, a survey is given of possible applications of OPG and OODG in various other syndromes.     

脑红蛋白-高原性眼疾诊治的新方向

高原是一特殊的地理环境,人类长期处于高原会对身体的各种需氧器官造成一定的损害.眼球也属于高需氧器官,高原环境不可避免的会引起各种各样的眼部疾患,而这些与第三类携氧蛋白-脑红蛋白又有着一定的关系.本文就现阶段高原眼疾的诊治及与脑红蛋白的关系作一综述.     

护理干预法在糖尿病性眼病患者术后疼痛的应用评价

目的探讨护理干预方法对糖尿病性眼病行手术后疼痛的应用价值。方法将147例糖尿病性眼病眼科手术患者随机分为对照组74例及干预组73例,对照组进行常规护理,干预组给予护理干预,比较两组术后疼痛情况、术后第2天血糖情况及平均住院时间。结果干预组和对照组术后第2天空腹血糖分别为（6.96±2.50）mmol/L,（8.91±3.00）mmol/L,平均住院时间分别为（10.0±2.5）d,（15.0±5.2）d。干预组术后疼痛等级、术后第2天空腹血糖及平均住院时间低于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论对糖尿病性眼病患者实施术后的护理干预,可有效地降低镇痛药物的使用,有效控制患者术后血糖。     

甲状腺摄~(99m)锝直观指数定量测定法的应用

利用甲状腺摄99m锝直观指数(VITU)定量测定法对42 例正常对照组,50 例甲亢患者(包括突眼性甲状腺肿),8例格雷夫斯眼病(Graves眼病),11例甲低患者(包括甲状腺炎),4例甲亢治愈者观察检查的结果,表明它能弥补甲状腺吸碘率(RAIU)和T_3、T_4的不足,是一种可作为提高甲亢准确性诊断有较大价值的指标,可推荐给临床应用.     

高龄白内障患者2种小切口手术疗效分析

目的探讨超声乳化白内障吸出术和小切口非超声乳化囊外摘除术在高龄白内障患者中的效果和并发症的发生情况。方法回顾分析并比较561例(同一患者先后行双眼手术者记为2例)高龄白内障患者施行超声乳化吸除术和小切口非超声乳化囊外摘除术术后1、33、0 d视力和术后并发症的发生情况。结果施行超声乳化白内障吸出术组253例,小切口非超声乳化囊外摘除术组308例。两种术式术后视力为0.2～0.3患者数均达50%以上,并且随着时间增长视力显著提高;核硬度大于或等于Ⅲ的情况下采用两种术式主要并发症发生率均低于10%,核硬度大于或等于Ⅳ的情况下采用超声乳化白内障吸出术主要并发症发生率稍高。结论核硬度大于或等于Ⅳ的高龄白内障患者采用小切口非超声乳化囊外摘除术较超声乳化白内障吸出术视力恢复快,术后并发症少,治疗费用低。     

湖湘针推学术流派"五经配伍"理论论治眼病

中医认为眼与五脏及经脉生理功能联系密切,本文介绍运用湖湘"五经配伍"理论治疗眼病,重视眼病的五脏、五经的辨证,分别从五脏论治,又兼顾五脏间的生克关系,全面调治,发挥中医整体辩证优势,为针灸治疗眼病提供新思路.     

野战部队20320名新兵眼部疾病复检分析

目的了解野战部队新兵眼部疾病谱及危险因素情况,为部队征召合格的兵源提供参考。方法以宁夏及北京部分地区20320名野战部队新兵为研究对象,进行眼部详细检查,获得眼部疾病谱及危险因素。结果眼部明显异常的占3.47%,不符合军人体检标准,主要包括视力及色觉不合格、上睑下垂、角膜疾病、急性色素膜炎、外伤性白内障、眼底疾病、青光眼等;眼部有潜在疾病隐患的占5.18%,主要包括急性结膜炎、干眼症、陈旧性色素膜炎、周边视网膜格子样变性及蜗牛迹变性。结论现行眼科入伍体检标准存在一定的缺陷,有必要进行重新修订;加强武装部门的监管力度,提高接兵人员和体检医务人员的工作责任心以及业务能力,提高检诊水平;对各种近视手术治疗后的青年,应进行严格筛查或禁止该人群入伍。在征召青年入伍体检时,必须加强眼科检查,这对确保向部队输送合格兵源至关重要。     

环状RNA在眼科疾病发生发展中的作用机制研究进展北大核心

环状RNA(circRNA)是一种特殊类型的非编码RNA。它不同于包含5’帽和3’多聚尾的传统线性RNA,其具有闭环结构,不受RNA核酸外切酶的影响,所以结构稳定且不易降解。目前,人们已对circRNA在诸多疾病发病机制中的重要作用和生物功能展开深入研究,为各类眼科疾病的发病机制及诊疗提供新思路。本文就近年来circRNA在眼科疾病发生发展中的作用机制研究进展作一综述。     

战士近视矫正术后眼部疾病调查

目的通过对近视矫正手术后的野战部队战士眼部疾病的调查及随访,探讨近视矫正手术对战士长期训练所造成的影响。方法以宁夏及北京部分地区野战部队行近视矫正手术658名新兵为研究对象,进行眼部详细检查,得出眼部疾病谱及危险因素,并随访2年。结果有74人(11.25%)发现眼部疾病,不符合军人体检标准,主要包括视力不合格、角膜疾病、眼底疾病、高眼压等;有273人(41.49%)眼部有潜在疾病隐患,主要包括干眼症、眩光、周边视网膜格子样变性及蜗牛迹变性等。两年后随访复检中发现干眼症、角膜炎、眩光以及高眼压等疾患明显减少(P<0.05);角膜混浊数量稍有减少,而其他疾患均有所升高,但无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论近视矫正术只能提高视敏度,不能达到很好的视觉质量,手术后眼球比较脆弱,有较多的潜在疾患,部队训练容易诱发,给部队增添很多负担,从而影响部队的战斗力。