孕妇血清与初乳中分泌型IgA含量的关系

目的探讨孕妇营养与初乳中分泌型免疫球蛋白Ａ（ＳＩｇＡ）含量的关系。方法对１０１例孕妇作了膳食营养评价，并对其血液营养学指标与产后第３ｄ初乳ＳＩｇＡ含量进行相关分析。结果孕妇血清ＩｇＡ与初乳ＳＩｇＡ呈明显的正相关（ｒ＝０．４９８Ｐ＜０．０１）；血清甘油三酯与初乳ＳＩｇＡ呈明显的负相关（ｒ＝－０．３３８Ｐ＜０．００５）；血清叶酸与初乳ＳＩｇＡ呈明显正相关（孕中期ｒ＝０．７３７Ｐ＜０．００１，孕晚期ｒ＝０．３６２Ｐ＜０．０１）相关呈高度显著性。结论初乳ＳＩｇＡ与孕妇个体免疫状态以及孕期代谢状态有关。     

口腔局部使用干扰素对小鼠唾液SIgA的调节

目的 :了解干扰素对口腔粘膜分泌SIgA的调节作用。方法 :以生物素 -ELISA法检测口腔使用干扰素前后小鼠唾液SIgA的水平。结果 :大、小剂量干扰素组在用药后 10天、2 0天和 3 0天都能增高唾液SIgA ,并同对照组相比有显著差异 (P <0 0 5 ) ;大剂量组SIgA的增高更多 ,特别是在 2 0天时明显高于小剂量组 (P <0 0 5 ) ;干扰素的调节作用持续至少 3 0天 ,小剂量在维持作用方面不亚于大剂量。结论 :干扰素直接作用于口腔粘膜 ,可提高局部的SIgA的分泌水平。     

清热抗感冲剂对大鼠分泌型SIgA水平的影响

清热抗感冲剂主要含有僵蚕、薄荷、银花、连翘、桔梗、板蓝根、大黄等药物,具有辛凉解表、清热解毒、宣降蕴热作用。临床用以治疗上呼吸道感染,有效率达94.16%,疗效显著。课题组以往的实验已证实清热抗感冲剂具有抗病毒作用及提高血清白介素-Ⅱ(IL-2)、CD4 T细胞亚群的功能。为了深入研究该冲剂的免疫调节作用,本实验主要从清热抗感冲剂对大鼠分泌型免疫球蛋白IgA(SIgA)水平的影响方面进行了进一步研究。1材料与方法1.1实验材料1.1.1实验动物Wistar大鼠100只,体重为(200±20)g,♀♂各半,由山西省中医药研究院实验动物中心提供,合格证号…     

牛初乳复合细胞营养因子（CHF）的体内,外抗菌作用研究

牛初乳复合细胞营养因子（ＣＨＦ）对伤寒杆菌、大肠杆菌、白色葡萄球菌、变形杆菌、绿脓杆菌、福氏痢疾杆菌６种肠道常见致病菌均有一定的正常凝集效价，其中对大肠杆菌和绿脓杆菌的凝集效价与人γ－球蛋白相同。体外试验表明ＣＨＦ对白色葡萄球菌和福氏痢疾杆菌有一定的抑菌作用，且这种抑菌作用不依赖补体的参与。ＣＨＦ可促进小鼠体内抗绿脓杆菌的免疫保护作用，当绿脓杆菌的攻击量达２．８×ＬＤ５０时，就有非常显著的作用，且强度与人γ－球蛋白相似。     

高原不同民族人群唾液中SIgA变化的研究

本文对世居青藏高原的撒拉、土、回、藏四个民族青少年唾液中的免疫球蛋白A（SIgA）含量进行了测定。结果表明,除土族和藏族以外,其他各民族间均有显著性差异。作者认为,其原因可能与各民族人群的生活环境、生活习惯、世居史、遗传因素等有关。     

丹参肠内营养防护兔多脏器损伤的研究

目的:探讨丹参(DS)肠内营养对内毒素所致大白兔多脏器损伤的防护作用。方法:将近交系纯种大耳白幼兔44只,按体重随机分为正常对照组(N)、内毒素攻击组(LPS)、内毒素攻击+能全力组(LPS+EN)和肉毒素攻击+DS肠内营养组(LPS+DS),除正常对照组8只外,其余三组均为12只。内毒素攻击前3d始,LPS+DS组每日给予DS肠内营养液80ml/kgbw(其中每100ml营养液含丹参15g)灌胃,LPS+EN组按每日给予能全力营养液80ml/kgbw灌胃,N组灌胃等量生理盐水,至试验结束。同时观察:动物血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、内毒素、小肠粘液SIgA含量。整个实验期为10d。动物处死后,取心脏、肝脏、肾脏、小肠、肺进行组织形态学检查。结果:病理检查显示,LPS组小肠绒毛损伤、坏死、绒毛变短;肝脏可致汇管区出血、胞浆气球样变等;肺和肾脏也有变化。而LPS+DS组可见小肠绒毛损伤较轻,间隙致密。绒毛高度有轻微减少。其他脏器损伤较轻。内毒素攻击后,LPS+DS组血清MDA水平显著低于LPS组,内毒素水平亦低于LPS组,小肠粘液SIgA含量LPS+DS组高于LPS组。结论:DS肠内营养可以减少氧化损伤,维持肠道粘膜细胞的结构和功能,提高小肠免疫球蛋白的释放,对多脏器损伤防护有一定作用。     

白术茯苓汤提取分离组分对脾气虚大鼠血浆胃肠激素及肠道局部免疫功能的影响

目的:比较白术茯苓汤水煎液及其提取分离组分与组分配伍对脾气虚大鼠血浆胃肠激素及肠道局部免疫的调节作用.方法:以大黄、厚朴、枳实加饥饱失常法复制脾气虚证的动物模型,采用RIA法检测血浆VIP、MTL、SS含量;ELISA法检测肠组织SIgA含量.结果:与空白组比较,脾气虚模型大鼠VIP、SS明显升高(P<0.05),MTL、SIgA明显降低(P<0.05);与模型组比较,各高、中剂量组对上述指标均有不同程度的改善,其中,①白术茯苓汤及多糖、络合物、白术内酯Ⅲ、组分配伍的高剂量组均能下调血浆VIP水平(P<0.05),以白术茯苓汤及组分配伍组作用最为显著(P<0.01);白术茯苓汤、组分配伍高剂量组能上调血浆MTL水平(P<0.05);白术内酯Ⅲ中剂量组、组分配伍高、中剂量组能下调血浆SS水平(P<0.05).②白术茯苓汤、各组分及组分配伍的高、中剂量组均能升高SIgA分泌水平(P<0.05),以白术茯苓汤、多糖低剂量组、组分配伍高剂量组作用最为显著(P<0.01).结论:白术茯苓汤及提取分离组分对胃肠激素及肠道局部免疫有一定的调节作用,对VIP、SIgA作用明显,对MTL、SS作用不确切;组分配伍有协同增效作用.     

New insights in the pathogenesis of immunoglobulin A vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein purpura)

Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV), also referred to as Henoch-Schönlein purpura, is the most common form of childhood vasculitis. The pathogenesis of IgAV is still largely unknown. The disease is characterized by IgA1-immune deposits, complement factors and neutrophil infiltration, which is accompanied with vascular inflammation. Incidence of IgAV is twice as high during fall and winter, suggesting an environmental trigger associated to climate. Symptoms can resolve without intervention, but some patients develop glomerulonephritis with features similar to IgA nephropathy that include hematuria, proteinuria and IgA deposition in the glomerulus. Ultimately, this can lead to end-stage renal disease. In IgA nephropathy immune complexes containing galactose-deficient (Gd-)IgA1 are found and thought to play a role in pathogenesis. Although Gd-IgA1 complexes are also present in patients with IgAV with nephritis, their role in IgAV is disputed. Alternatively, it has been proposed that in IgAV IgA1 antibodies are generated against endothelial cells. We anticipate that such IgA complexes can activate neutrophils via the IgA Fc receptor FcαRI (CD89), thereby inducing neutrophil migration and activation, which ultimately causes tissue damage in IgAV. In this Review, we discuss the putative role of IgA, IgA receptors, neutrophils and other factors such as infections, genetics and the complement system in the pathogenesis of IgA vasculitis.     

RNAi suppression of rice endogenous storage proteins enhances the production of rice-based Botulinum neutrotoxin type A vaccine

Mucosal vaccines based on rice (MucoRice) offer a highly practical and cost-effective strategy for vaccinating large populations against mucosal infections. However, the limitation of low expression and yield of vaccine antigens with high molecular weight remains to be overcome. Here, we introduced RNAi technology to advance the MucoRice system by co-introducing antisense sequences specific for genes encoding endogenous rice storage proteins to minimize storage protein production and allow more space for the accumulation of vaccine antigen in rice seed. When we used RNAi suppression of a combination of major rice endogenous storage proteins, 13 kDa prolamin and glutelin A in a T-DNA vector, we could highly express a vaccine comprising the 45 kDa C-terminal half of the heavy chain of botulinum type A neurotoxin (BoHc), at an average of 100 μg per seed (MucoRice-BoHc). The MucoRice-Hc was water soluble, and was expressed in the cytoplasm but not in protein body I or II of rice seeds. Thus, our adaptation of the RNAi system improved the yield of a vaccine antigen with a high molecular weight. When the mucosal immunogenicity of the purified MucoRice-BoHc was examined, the vaccine induced protective immunity against a challenge with botulinum type A neurotoxin in mice. These findings demonstrate the efficiency and utility of the advanced MucoRice system as an innovative vaccine production system for generating highly immunogenic mucosal vaccines of high-molecular-weight antigens.     

形寒与寒饮对小鼠呼吸道粘膜免疫分子影响的实验研究

目的观察形寒与寒饮对小鼠呼吸道粘膜免疫分子的影响。方法将40只昆明小鼠随机分为常温对照组、形寒组、寒饮组、形寒寒饮组4组,置于人工气候箱中,于第18天处死小鼠,检测各组气道液中分泌型免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、分泌型免疫球蛋白A(SIgA)和肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)。结果形寒组、寒饮组与形寒寒饮组气道液TNF-α和IgG表达值与常温对照组比较均明显升高(P0.05),形寒寒饮组升高最明显;形寒组、寒饮组与形寒寒饮组气道液中SIgA的浓度与常温对照组比较均明显下降,形寒寒饮组降低最明显,差异具有统计学意义。结论形寒与寒饮伤肺之时,肺部出现感染导致TNF-α、IgG浓度升高和SIgA的浓度降低,其程度以形寒寒饮两者相合的外感病因最为明显,形寒组次之、寒饮组再次之。