甲状旁腺激素对大鼠牵张成骨过程中O NC、OPN、C-FOS、COL1、VEGF、RUNX2、ALP基因表达的影响

目的：探讨甲状旁腺激素（PTH）对大鼠牵张成骨（DO）过程中ONC、OPN、C-FOS、COL1、VEGF、RUNX2、ALP基因表达的影响。方法30只雄性大鼠制备大鼠下颌骨DO模型。随机分5组，每组6只。第1组（只有牵张无PTH），术后8周取材，应用HE染色及微CT检测，以确定成骨情况。第2组（有牵张无PTH），第3组（有牵张有PTH），第4组（无牵张有PTH），第5组（对照组：无牵张无PTH）。2、3、4组及对照组术后1周取材，RT-PCR测定ONC、OPN、C-FOS、COL1、VEGF、RUNX2、ALP基因的表达。结果第1组，新骨形成，骨质充满牵张区，骨质连续，大鼠建模成功。RT-PCR检测结果显示，2、3、4组与对照组比较，OPN、COL1、RUNX2、ALP基因表达有明显提高（P＜0．05），其中第3组最为明显。ONC、C-FOS、VEGF基因2、3、4组与对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论 PTH在 DO 过程中，间歇性给以 PTH的作用只有在牵张期发挥作用，其对 OPN、COL1、RUNX2、ALP基因表达能够获得理想的协同作用。     

Could non-HDL-cholesterol be a better marker of atherogenic dyslipidemia in obstructive sleep apnea?

Background/objectiveObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is independently associated with dyslipidemia, a surrogate marker of atherosclerosis. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol is accepted as a major independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, non-high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol is a better marker of atherogenic dyslipidemia and recommended as a target of lipid lowering therapy. We aimed to assess the prevalence of atherogenic dyslipidemia, and relationship between OSA severity and serum LDL-cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol levels in OSA patients.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated treatment naïve 2361 subjects admitted to the sleep laboratory of a university hospital for polysomnography. All subjects’ lipid profile including total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and non-HDL-cholesterol were measured.ResultsOut of 2361 patients (mean age 49.6 ± 11.9 years; 68.9% male, apnea-hypopnea index 36.6 ± 28.4/h), 185 (7.8%) had no OSA and 2176 (92.2%) had OSA. Atherogenic dyslipidemia prevalence was high (57–66%) in OSA patients, and especially increased in severe OSA compared to other groups (p < 0.05). Though total and LDL-cholesterol did not differ between those with and without OSA, non-HDL-cholesterol (p = 0.020), and triglycerides (p = 0.001) were higher and HDL-cholesterol levels (p = 0.018) were lower in OSA patients than non-OSA. Non-HDL-cholesterol was significantly correlated with OSA severity (p < 0.001) and hypoxia parameters (p < 0.01), whereas LDL-cholesterol showed no correlation.ConclusionsAtherogenic dyslipidemia is highly prevalent and non-HDL-cholesterol levels are significantly increased, predominantly in severe OSA patients. Non-HDL-cholesterol but not LDL-cholesterol, is significantly correlated with OSA severity and hypoxia parameters. Therefore, it could be better to use non-HDL-cholesterol, which is a guideline recommended target of lipid therapy, as a marker of atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in OSA patients.     

老年轻度认知障碍患者血清瘦素、甲状腺激素水平与局部脑血流量关系的研究

目的 通过检测老年轻度认知障碍（MCI）患者血清瘦素（LEP）、甲状腺激素水平，分析其与局部脑血流量（rCBF）的关系。方法 选择本院收治的128 例老年MCI 患者，另选健康者128 例作为对照组。检测血清LEP、甲状腺激素、大脑各区域rCBF 水平并分析其相关性。结果 老年MCI 组患者左右侧额叶、右侧颞叶、左侧顶叶、左右侧基底节区域脑血流量[（43.81±8.62）mL/（100 g·min）、（43.24±7.93）mL/（100 g·min）、（45.14±6.98）mL/（100 g·min）、（45.86±6.77）mL/（100 g·min）、（67.95±8.52）mL/（100 g·min）、（68.36±8.34）mL/（100 g·min）]低于对照组[（46.39±8.31）mL/（100 g·min）、（46.52±8.56）mL/（100 g·min）、（47.37±7.04）mL/（100 g·min）、（48.25±6.98）mL/（100 g·min）、（70.34±8.96）mL/（100 g·min）、（70.58±8.57）mL/（100 g·min）]（P＜0.05）。老年MCI 组患者血清LEP、T3、FT3 水平[（4.87±1.56）μg/L、（1.21±0.16）nmol/L、（3.04±0.36）pmol/L]低于对照组[（11.45±3.92）μg/L、（1.68±0.21）nmol/L、（4.82±1.21）pmol/L]（P＜0.05），TSH 水平为（2.78±0.75）IU/mL，高于对照组的（1.13±0.38）IU/mL（P＜0.05）。老年MCI 患者血清LEP 水平与左侧额叶、右侧颞叶、左侧顶叶rCBF 呈正相关（r=0.452、0.537、0.544，P 均＜0.05），T3 水平与左侧额叶、右侧颞叶rCBF 呈正相关（r=0.427、0.521，P 均＜0.05），FT3 水平与右侧颞叶rCBF 呈正相关（r=0.492，P＜0.05），TSH 水平与左侧额叶、右侧颞叶rCBF 呈负相关（r=-0.463、-0.489，P 均＜0.05）。结论 老年MCI 患者血清中LEP、T3、FT3 水平降低，TSH 水平升高，且与不同区域rCBF 有相关性，可通过调控脑血管功能影响rCBF 变化水平。