数字图书馆的个性化信息服务

分析了国内外数字图书馆个性化信息服务的现状及相关技术,提出了建立个性化信息服务系统的方法及个性化信息服务中需要注意的问题.     

心理护理在术前访视中的应用

目的消除手术患者的不良心理刺激,防止身心疾病的发生,提高患者对手术的耐受性。方法在术前访视中通过心理调查表了解到患者存在的心理问题,运用个性化的心理护理的方法,帮助患者解答心理问题,减轻心理负担,轻松愉快地接受手术治疗。结果在术前访视中运用个性化的心理护理,很大程度上拉近了护患之间的距离,提高了患者对医务人员的信赖,使患者对手术的耐受性大大提高。结论在术前访视中做好患者的心理护理,消除患者对手术的顾虑是提高手术成功率的有效措施。     

健骨益肾汤促进个性化3D打印脊柱CLIF术后恢复的临床研究

目的：研究健骨益肾汤对个性化3D打印脊柱微创猫眼侧方腰椎融合术（CLIF）术后恢复的影响。方法：选取2019年1月至2020年1月在河南省洛阳正骨医院接受CLIF术治疗的50例腰椎退行性侧弯患者,将其中单纯手术治疗的24例患者纳入对照组,将其中于CLIF术后应用健骨益肾汤治疗的26例患者纳入观察组。比较两组患者临床指标、临床症状评分,术前、术后2周、术后1个月及预后（术后1年）观察两组患者的腰椎Oswestry功能障碍指数问卷表（ODI）评分的变化情况,术后1年的矫正效果。结果：观察组患者术后引流量少于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P <0.05）;观察组患者术后下肢麻木、腰部疼痛、步行障碍、感觉障碍评分均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P <0.05）;术后2周、术后1个月,观察组患者ODI评分均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P <0.05）;两组患者预后侧凸Cobb角度、骨盆倾斜角度、腰椎前凸角度、矢状面轴向距离、冠状面平衡均低于术前,差异具有统计学意义（P <0.05）,两组患者术前、预后各项指标组间比较,差异无统计学意义（P> 0.05）。结论：健...     

Informational needs of individuals from families harboring BRCA pathogenic variants: A systematic review and content analysis

PurposePersonalized information is paramount to patient-centered communication and decision-making regarding risk management in hereditary cancer syndromes. This systematic review identified information needs of individuals from families harboring BRCA pathogenic variants and compared findings based on gender (women vs men) and clinical characteristics (patients with cancer vs previvors and BRCA heterozygotes vs untested relatives).MethodsWe screened 8115 studies identified from databases and citation searching. The quality of selected studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Narrative synthesis was conducted based on content analysis.ResultsFrom 18 selected studies including 1063 individuals, we identified 9 categories of information needs. Risk of bias in the selected studies was moderate. Men, untested relatives, and racial and ethnic minorities were underrepresented. Frequently required information was personalized cancer risk and risk-reducing strategies, including decision-making, family implications of hereditary cancers, psychological issues, and cascade testing. Subgroup analyses showed that information needs depended on gender, personal cancer history, and cascade testing in relatives.ConclusionWe identified comprehensive and detailed informational needs of individuals from families harboring BRCA pathogenic variants and gaps in international guidelines. Needs for personalized information varied based on gender, health, and genetic testing status. Findings of this study have implications for genetic counseling, tailoring educational materials, and personalizing interventions.     

“Hepatocellular carcinoma: A life-threatening disease”

An estimated rise in liver cancer incidence will increase to 95374 new cases by 2020. Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC), the most common primary malignant tumour of the liver, is considered to be the third leading cause of all cancer-related deaths and fifth common cancer worldwide. The reported data shows that the rate of HCC incidence in male population is three to four times higher compared with the female population. In the United States, HCV-induced liver cancer is increasing very fast because of the lack of proper treatment option. There are various treatment strategies available for HCC like liver transplantation, resection, ablation, embolization and chemotherapy still the prognosis is destitute. If the patient is eligible, liver transplantation is the only therapeutic option that may give around 90% survival rate, but the scarcity of liver donor limits its broad applicability. A sudden address is necessary to develop specific drugs, personalized medicine, for HCC.     

Update on research and clinical translation on specific clinical areas: From bench to bedside: How insight in immune pathogenesis can lead to precision medicine of severe juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Despite the enormous progress in the treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), innovations based on true bench-to-bedside research, performed in JIA patients, are still scarce. This chapter describes novel developments in which clinical innovations go hand in hand with basic discoveries. For the purpose of this review, we will mainly focus on developments in severe forms of JIA, most notably systemic JIA and polyarticular JIA. However, also in less severe forms of JIA, such as oligoarticular JIA, better insight will help to improve diagnosis and treatment. Facilitating the transition from bench to bedside will prove crucial for addressing the major challenges in JIA management.If successful, it will set new standards for a safe, targeted and personalized therapeutic approach for children with JIA.     

Impact of cancer cell-intrinsic features on neutrophil behavior

Neutrophils are multifaceted innate immune cells that play a significant role in the progression of cancer by exerting both pro- and anti-tumorigenic functions. The crosstalk between cancer cells and neutrophils is complex and emerging evidence is pointing at cancer cell-intrinsic programs regulating neutrophil abundance, phenotype and function. Cancer cell-derived soluble mediators are key players in modulating the interaction with neutrophils. Here, we review how intrinsic features of cancer cells, including cancer cell genetics, epigenetics, signaling, and metabolism, manipulate neutrophil behavior and how to target these processes to impact cancer progression. A molecular understanding of cancer cell-intrinsic properties that shape the crosstalk with neutrophils will provide novel therapeutic strategies for personalized immunomodulation in cancer patients.