改良双腔球囊导管在插管失败的输卵管阻塞介入再通术中的应用价值

目的探讨改良双腔球囊导管在插管失败的输卵管阻塞介入再通术中的应用价值。方法回顾45例输卵管阻塞性不孕患者,应用常规法行介入再通术,其中输卵管开口插管失败采用改良双腔球囊导管行介入再通,统计分析常规法组与联合改良双腔球囊导管法组(联合法组)的输卵管开口插管成功率、输卵管阻塞的开通率。结果输卵管阻塞性不孕患者45例,共阻塞输卵管90条,采用常规法输卵管开口插管成功32条,其中开通成功31条,插管成功率为35.56%,开通率96.88%。采用联合法输卵管开口插管成功90条,输卵管开通83条,插管成功率为100%,开通率92.22%,7条输卵管因阻塞病情严重无法开通,其中双侧均未能开通1例。所有患者术中均无严重并发症发生。随访12个月,妊娠率48.65%。常规法组与联合法组输卵管开口插管成功率差异具有统计学意义(χ^2=85.574,P=0.000),而输卵管开通率差异无统计学意义(χ^2=0.248,P=0.619)。结论对于常规法输卵管开口插管失败者,采用联合改良双腔球囊导管可提高输卵管开口插管成功率。采用改良双腔球囊导管介入再通与常规法开通效果相当,可作为常规介入再通输卵管开口插管失败的备选方案。     

穿刺针导引技术在超声引导下臂丛神经阻滞中的应用

目的设计超声引导下臂丛神经阻滞时的穿刺针导引器,并在体外和临床上验证其效果。方法自制一个穿刺针导引器,其主要部分是一个双层的扇形不锈钢薄片。选择80例在臂丛神经阻滞下行上肢手术的患者,随机分为自由手组和导引组,每组40人。由四位麻醉医师实施在超声引导下臂丛神经阻滞(锁骨上入路),每位医师完成20例,10例用自由手技术,10例用穿刺针导引器引导技术。记录穿刺针的主观可视性、阻滞完成时间、临床效果以及麻醉医师和患者对臂丛神经阻滞的满意度。结果导引组的针的主观可视性显著优于自由手组(P<0.05);导引组的阻滞完成时间明显短于自由手组(P<0.01);麻醉医师使用导引技术的满意度高于使用自由手技术(P<0.05)。结论使用穿刺针引导技术更容易完成超声引导下臂丛神经阻滞。     

种植牙手术的导向模板定向法临床研究

本文介绍了用于人工牙根种植手术的一种导向模板定向法。该导向模板由圆柱形金属定向杆、导向钛管、负压成型的塑料牙列套及自凝塑料增强基托组成。临床应用35例.效果满意。     

Linkage guide for rotational alignment during total knee arthroplasty

A linkage guide was devised for use in conjunction with knee arthroplasty instruments to achieve proper component rotation. The femoral component was rotationally aligned to the surgical epicondylar axis using one guide. The other guides were used after all bone surfaces were cut and soft tissue balancing was completed. A Kirschner wire was guided into the proximal tibial aspect parallel to the sagittal plane of the femoral component with the patella in its normal position and the knee in full extension. The wire was used as a reference to determine tibial component rotation. The relative rotational alignment of 21 knees in 19 patients who had undergone cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty utilizing this guide was assessed using the modified Eckhoff method. The results of radiographic analysis were compared with those in a control group of 25 knees where the guide was not employed. The external rotation of the femoral component relative to the tibial component was 1.3° ± 2.0° (mean ± SD) in the guided group and 1.1° ± 4.4° in the control group. The relative rotational angle was significantly more consistent using the guide. Implant malrotation can be reduced using our technique.     

颈痛患者手法治疗：最佳实践指南解读

颈痛在临床上常由颈椎退行性疾病引起,易对患者颈部功能及生活质量造成不良影响。为提供最佳、有效的诊断及治疗方案,2019年美国国家健康科学大学发表了《最佳实践建议：颈痛患者的整脊治疗管理》。课题组在充分研读最新版指南诊治内容的基础上,从诊断、治疗、注意事项3个方面进行解读,同时检索相关文献,纵向对比多个高质量颈痛相关指南,从生物力学及神经生物学方面分析手法治疗颈痛的科学性,并结合中国诊疗现状分析认为其推荐的手法治疗及诊疗流程在中国具有可行性,基于此认为将国内外现有的循证医学证据结合中国传统医学能指导临床实践。     

叶桂治脾胃经验浅析

叶桂继承并发展了李果的脾胃学说，在其《临证指南医案》、《未刻本叶氏医案》中记述了治脾胃经验，概括起来有如下几个方面：温中健脾法，理气和胃法，脾胃同治法，清养胃阴法，调肝治中法。     

螺旋CT导航多弹头射频消融肝癌的临床应用

目的 探讨并总结螺旋CT导航经皮肝穿刺多弹头射频消融肝癌的特点、安全性及临床近期疗效。方法 对20例肝细胞肝癌及多发肝转移瘤共32个瘤灶在螺旋CT导航下,配合自制穿刺定位定角器,进行了多弹头射频治疗,共消融49个靶位,通过对治疗前后及随访3-8个月的螺旋CT检查的比较及AFP、自觉症状等的改变进行对比观察。结果 20例患者,49个靶位,一次性穿刺及消融操作技术成功率达100％,复查螺旋CT检查:术毕时20例(100％)瘤灶密度减低,其中15例(占75％)病灶内见散在气化影;术后2个月时,20例中的16例(占80％)瘤灶体积缩小10％-20％,增强扫描动脉期瘤灶不强化。另3例瘤灶体积缩小不明显,但动脉期不强化;1例瘤灶略显增大,系邻近门静脉一侧,消融不彻底,病灶呈偏向门静脉一侧生长,动脉期轻度强化;术后6个月时,20例中的8例(占40％)瘤灶体积缩小达20％-30％,动脉期不强化。1例于治疗术后6.5个月死于肝、脑、肺多发转多。术后1个月复查血AFP,20例中13例(占65％)下降,下降值40-210μg/ml,平均下降135.6μg/ml,其中有2例降至正常范围。治疗后2个月内所有患者自觉症状均明显改善。无手术死亡,术中及术后不良反应轻微,无重要并发症发生。结论经皮多弹头射频消融术,是一种安全、可靠、微创的局部疗法,具有较高的临床应用价值。采?     

《临证指南医案》痹证用药特点分析

目的探讨《临证指南医案》痹证用药特点。方法 运用数据挖掘技术统计药物使用频次、性味归经并进行关联规则、聚类、复杂网络分析等。结果 筛选出83首处方,共涉及中药125味，使用频次前5位依次为桂枝、茯苓、白术、当归、苦杏仁，功效类别以补虚药为主，性味以甘温最多，归经主要涉及肺、脾、肝、心、肾、胃；关联规则得到10对常见组合，高频中药聚为4类，复杂网络分析得到1个核心组合。结论 叶氏常从络病角度治痹，或通、或补、或通补皆施，重视肺脾，注重调和气血营卫，擅长通补奇经治法。     

Diagnosis and management of heart failure from hospital admission to discharge: A practical expert guidance

Heart failure (HF) has high event rates, mortality, and is challenging to manage in clinical practice. Clinical management is complicated by complex therapeutic strategies in a population with a high prevalence of comorbidity and general frailty. In the last four years, an abundance of research has become available to support multidisciplinary management of heart failure from within the hospital through to discharge and primary care as well as supporting diagnosis and comorbidity management. Within the hospital setting, recent evidence supports sacubitril-valsartan combination in frail, deteriorating or de novo patients with LVEF ≤ 40%. Furthermore, new strategies such as SGLT2 inhibitors and vericiguat provide further benefit for patients with decompensating HF. Studies with tafamidis report major clinical benefits specifically for patients with ATTR cardiac amyloidosis, a remaining underdiagnosed and undertreated disease. New evidence for medical interventions supports his bundle pacing to reduce QRS width and improve haemodynamics as well as ICD defibrillation for non-ischemic cardiomyopathy. The Mitraclip reduces hospitalisations and mortality in patients with symptomatic, secondary mitral regurgitation and ablation reduces mortality and hospitalisations in patients with paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation. In end-stage HF, the 2018 French Heart Allocation policy should improve access to heart transplants for stable, ambulatory patients and, mechanical circulatory support should be considered to avoid deteriorating on the waiting list. In the community, new evidence supports that improving discharge education, treatment and patient support improves outcomes. The authors believe that this review fills the gap between the guidelines and clinical practice and provides practical recommendations to improve HF management.     

Structures,processes and outcomes of the Aussie Heart Guide Program: A nurse mentor supported,home based cardiac rehabilitation program for rural patients with acute coronary syndrome

Background

Cardiac rehabilitation has a number of benefits for patients, yet participation in it is sub-optimal, especially in regional Australia. Innovative models of cardiac rehabilitation are needed to improve participation. Providing nurse mentors to support patients transitioning from hospital to home represents a new model of service delivery in Australia.