基于Python编程实现编务工作整合的实践与思考

【目的】 探索期刊集约化发展新模式,解决编务工作流程繁琐、工作量大、高强度、单调机械重复劳动等问题,实现编务工作整合。【方法】 采用实地参观、现场交谈及电话访问等方式对38种医药学期刊编务工作进行调研,结合编务工作中实际操作层面的共性问题,设计作者信息数据表和打印模板,利用Python编程推进编务工作的有效整合。【结果】 基于作者填写的信息数据批量生成对接期刊合作银行、编辑部财务、快递公司等部门的信息表单,并根据编务个性化需求实现邮寄信息表单的自动打印功能。【结论】 期刊编辑部工作整合应充分发挥信息化在期刊发展中的赋能作用,编务工作应最大限度地集成优势、统筹共性事务,以保证整个出版工作的有效开展。     

股骨颈骨折人工股骨头置换术后下肢不等长的预防处理（附6例报告）

目的探讨股骨颈骨折人工股骨头置换术后下肢不等长的预防方法。方法选择6例单纯股骨颈骨折人工股骨头置换作为研究对象。通过术前术中双侧髂前上棘及髌骨上缘反复测量验证，骨盆标准X线正位片股骨头模板运用确定股骨颈截骨平面及股骨距保留长度。术中软组织松解及假体试模反复运用验证，有效保持术后双下肢基本等长，避免下肢不等长引起跛行。结果术前6例患肢短缩2．0～4．7cm不等。术后测量4例双下肢等长，1例患肢短缩0．3cm，1例患肢延长0．2cm，无跛行。结论通过术前测量评估，骨盆X线正位片上模板运用设定股骨颈截骨平面及股骨距保留长度，术中适当软组织松解及假体试模运用，双下肢髂前上棘与髌骨上缘长度再次测量印证，可有效保持术后双下肢基本等长，避免下肢不等长引起跛行。     

Eigenspace Template Matching for Detection of Lacunar Infarcts on MR Images

Detection of lacunar infarcts is important because their presence indicates an increased risk of severe cerebral infarction. However, accurate identification is often hindered by the difficulty in distinguishing between lacunar infarcts and enlarged Virchow-Robin spaces. Therefore, we developed a computer-aided detection (CAD) scheme for the detection of lacunar infarcts. Although our previous CAD method indicated a sensitivity of 96.8 % with 0.71 false positives (FPs) per slice, further reduction of FPs remained an issue for the clinical application. Thus, the purpose of this study is to improve our CAD scheme by using template matching in the eigenspace. Conventional template matching is useful for the reduction of FPs, but it has the following two pitfalls: (1) It needs to maintain a large number of templates to improve the detection performance, and (2) calculation of the cross-correlation coefficient with these templates is time consuming. To solve these problems, we used template matching in the lower dimension space made by a principal component analysis. Our database comprised 1,143 T₁- and T₂-weighted images obtained from 132 patients. The proposed method was evaluated by using twofold cross-validation. By using this method, 34.1 % of FPs was eliminated compared with our previous method. The final performance indicated that the sensitivity of the detection of lacunar infarcts was 96.8 % with 0.47 FPs per slice. Therefore, the modified CAD scheme could improve FP rate without a significant reduction in the true positive rate.     

Central pattern generating and recognizing in olfactory bulb: A correlation learning rule

A learning rule called an input correlation rule that can simplify exploration of the behavior of learning, generating, and classifying patterns in the vertebrate olfactory system is proposed. We apply this correlation rule to a set of fully interconnected coupled oscillators that comprises a dynamical model of the olfactory bulb so as to form “templates” of oscillators with strengthened interconnection in respect to inputs classed as “learned.” We obtain a content addressable memory in which phase coherent oscillation provides for central pattern generation and recognition. We use this analog model neural network to simulate dynamic features of the olfactory bulb in detail by numerical integration and multivariate analysis. The model classifies 100% correctly for incomplete inputs, testing inputs about their training centroids, and distortion by noise that is defined as input to nontemplate elements. The model also allows substantially overlapping templates, which implies that it possesses a large information capacity. For multiple inputs the model gives correct output of the forms A and B, A and not B, B and not A, or neither. The initial conditions of the model at the time of onset of input play no role in classification. Classification is achieved within 20 to 50 ms of simulated run time, even though convergence to a limit cycle requires up to 10 cycles (200 ms). The repetition rate of convergence from one pattern to the next in the model exceeds 10 patterns/s.     

Secondary surgery in germ cell tumors—when and how extensively should it be performed?

Postchemotherapy RPLND has been used for several decades. Two current issues relating to this surgery are discussed in this article. The selection for surgery and the extent of surgery to be performed continue to evolve.     

The Employment of Bone Wax as a Template in the Reconstruction of Nasal Dorsum Defects

Choosing materials of the most appropriate form and quantity is an important factor in the success of the surgical repair of nasal dorsum defects. In our study, bone wax, a hemostatic agent, was employed as a template in the correction of nasal dorsum defects. This inexpensive, pliable material is an effective template that helps to model the three-dimensional form of a defect and thus to plan and carry out the most suitable reconstruction.     

新农合绩效综合评价Excel模板与SPSS程序的研制

[目的]研制新型农村合作医疗（NCMS）绩效综合评价Excel速算活模板与SPSS程序,供县级评分和全省各县市综合评分排序。[方法]按照全国大连培训班定下的10个指标及其方向、权重和参考值,用＂指数法＂标化,研制县级用的Excel速算活模板和SPSS速算程序。[结果]在完整录入14个原始指标数据库的前提下,研制成功的Excel速算模板可马上算得县级评价总分;SPSS速算程序可在几分钟内算得全省各县市的排序结果。[结论]研制成功的新农合绩效Excel速算活模板和SPSS速算程序直观实用,在国内有很大的推广应用价值。     

Feasibility and accuracy of computer-assisted individual drill guide template for minimally invasive lumbar pedicle screw placement trajectory

ObjectiveTo discuss the feasibility and accuracy of a specific computer-assisted individual drill guide template (CIDGT) for minimally invasive lumbar pedicle screw placement trajectory (MI-LPT) through a bovine cadaveric experimental study.DesignA 3-D reconstruction model, including lumbar vertebras (L1–L5), was generated, and the optimal MI-LPTs were determined. A drill guide template with a surface made of the antitemplate of the vertebral surface, including the spinous process and the entry point vertebral surface, was created by reverse engineering and rapid prototyping techniques. Then, MI-LPTs were determined by the drill guide templates, and the trajectories made by K-wires were observed by postoperative CT scan.SettingGeneral Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA.ResultsIn total, 150 K-wires for MI-LPTs were successfully inserted into L1-L5. The required mean time and fluoroscopy times between fixation of the template to the spinous process, entry point vertebral surface, and insertion of the K-wires for minimally invasive lumbar pedicle screw placement trajectories into each vertebra were 79.4 ± 15.0 s and 2.1 ± 0.8 times. There were no significant differences between the preoperative plan and postoperative assessment in the distance from the puncture to the midline and inclination angles according to the different levels (P > 0.05, respectively). The mean deviation between the preoperative plan and postoperative assessment in the distance from the puncture to the midline and inclination angles were 0.8 ± 0.5 mm and 0.9 ± 0.5°, respectively.ConclusionsThe potential use of the novel CIDGT, which was based on the unique morphology of the lumbar vertebra to place minimally invasive lumbar pedicle screws, is promising and could prevent too much radiation exposure intraoperatively.     

Rapid prototyping drill guide template for lumbar pedicle screw placement

To develop a novel method of spinal pedical stereotaxy by reverse engineering and rapid prototyping techniques, and to validate its accuracy by experimental and clinical studies. Methods: A 3D reconstruction model for the desired lumbar vertebra was generated by using the Mimics 10.11 software, and the optimal screw size and orientation were determined using the reverse engineering software. Afterwards, a drill template was created by reverse engi-neering principle, whose surface was the antitemplate of the vertebral surface. The drill template and its correspond-ing vertebra were manufactured using the rapid prototyping technique. Results: The accuracy of the drill template was con-firmed by drilling screw trajectory into the vertebral biomodel preoperatively. This method also showed its ability to cus-tomize the placement and size of each screw based on the unique morphology of the lumbar vertebra.The drill tem-plate fits the postural surface of the vertebra very well in the cadaver experiment. Postoperative CT scans for controlling the pedicle bore showed that the personalized template had a high precision in cadaver experiment and clinical application. No misplacement occurred by using the per-sonalized template. During surgery, no additional computer assistance was needed.Conclusions: The authors have developed a novel drill template for lumbar pedicle screw placement with good applicability and high accuracy. The potential use of drill templates to place lumbar pedicle screws is promising. Our methodology appears to provide an accurate technique and trajectory for pedicle screw placement in the lumbar spine.