氟苯咪唑CHL培养细胞染色体畸变研究

氟苯咪唑(Fludendazole)由Gelder于1969年合成,直到最近几年才受到各国重视,我国于1983年也合成了该化合物。该药经临床应用疗效显著,抗虫效力高,抗虫谱     

Maffucci’s syndrome associated with spindle cell hemangioendothelioma

 The case of a 49-year-old man with Maffucci’s syndrome, who developed multiple spindle cell hemangioendotheliomas, is presented. The case provides support for recent reports suggesting an association between this peculiar vascular lesion and skeletal enchondromatosis.     

Superfluousness of motor innervation for the formation of muscle spindles in neonatal rats

Summary Muscle spindles form de novo in reinnervated muscles of neonatal rats treated with nerve growth factor. Whether the spindles can also form in muscle reinnervated only by afferents was investigated by removing the lumbosacral segment of the spinal cord immediately after crushing the nerve to the medial gastrocnemius muscle at birth, and administering nerve growth factor for 10 days afterwards. As predicted, the medial gastrocnemius muscles were reinnervated by afferents, but not efferents. No motor endplates were visible on any muscle fibers, and extrafusal fibers were atrophied. The reinnervated muscles contained spindle-like encapsulations of one to four fibers at 5, 7, 9 and 30 days after the nerve crush. The number of spindles as well as encapsulated fibers exceeded that of normal medial gastrocnemius muscles. The encapsulated fibers resembled typical intrafusal fibers. They had normal sensory-muscle contacts, but no motor endings. The fibers displayed equatorial clusters of myonuclei and expressed the spindle-specific slow-tonic myosin heavy chain isoform at postnatal day 30. Thus, efferents are not essential for the formation and differentiation of muscle spindles in reinnervated muscles of neonatal rats.     

Kaposi’s sarcoma: is the hunt for the culprit over now?

 Patients suffering from the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) have a 20000-fold increased risk of developing a severe form of Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS), a previously rare malignancy involving sharply defined nodular lesions of the skin and/or oral mucosa. Epidemiological evidence has long suggested that an infectious agent is the probable cause of KS. Recently sequences from a putative new herpesvirus have been found to be associated with KS in virtually 100% of the cases analyzed. The suspected etiological agent, a new human herpesvirus termed Kaposi’s sarcoma associated herpes virus (human herpes virus 8) has now been propagated in cell culture. This significant advance should form the basis for a detailed analysis of the pathogenetic mechanisms involved in the development of KS. Received: 4 June 1996 / Accepted: 5 August 1996     

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy: Pitfalls in the diagnosis of spindle-cell lesions

Seven cases of spindle-cell proliferations in which fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) did not correlate with subsequent histology are presented. Three cases were considered low-grade sarcoma, one a dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP), one a spindle-cell tumor with malignancy not excluded, and one a rhab-domyosarcoma vs. a fibrosarcoma. Two of the these three were histologically nodular fasciitis and one an inflammatory pseudotumor. Two cases were diagnosed cytologically as fibromatosis or nodular fasciitis (NF). One of these histologically was an intramuscular hemangioma, the other a DESP. The last two cases were diagnosed by FNAB as spindle-cell lesion, undetermined if benign or malignant, and malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH). Histologically both of these case were leiomyosarcoma. The cyto-logic features of each case, differential diagnosis, and potential pitfalls are discussed. In the evaluation of FNAB smears dominated by spindle cells, cellullarity, individual cells and cell patterns,and background stromal features coupled with a precise clinical history may allow a narrow differential diagnosis with a focus on whether the lesion is benign or malignant. Caution is warranted in the exact classification of spindle-cell tumors from FNAB as this may have a major impact on patient management. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Expression of CD44 splice variants in human skin and epidermal tumours

Splice variants of the adhesion molecule CD44 (CD44v) are important in the lymphatic spread of rat carcinoma cells. In several human tumours expression of CD44v correlates with tumour progression. However, little is known about the physiological functions of distinct variant exons. Here we report on the immunohistological evaluation of CD44 expression in normal human skin and epidermal tumours which do not metastasise, or do so vary rarely. Frozen tissues were stained with a panel of monoclonal antibodies, recognizing epitopes of the CD44 standard isoform, as well as of variant exons v5, v6, v7, v7–v8 and v10. Stratum basale and spinosum as well as the root shaft of hairs reacted strongly with the whole panel of anti-CD44 antibodies. Stratum corneum, acinar cells of sebaceous and eccrine sweat glands stained with anti-CD44v5, anti-CD44v6 and anti-CD44v7, but not with anti-CD44v10, the latter recognizing the epithelial isoform (CD44v8–v10) of CD44. Ductal cells of glands and apocrine glands did not express CD44v. Compared with its expression in normal human skin, CD44v expression was reduced in basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. This was particularly true of CD44v10. The expression of CD44v in normal skin and dermal appendages indicates that not all combinations of variant exons are involved in tumour progression. Since the epithelial isoform is particularly downregulated in basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, it is unlikely that exons v8–v10 play a role in tumour progression. Rather, they may be of functional importance in maintenance of the epidermal structure.     

喉梭型细胞癌1例报道及文献复习

 目的　研究喉梭型细胞癌临床病理及免疫学特征。方法　应用上皮性抗体和间叶性抗体标记喉梭型细胞癌细胞成分 ,观察其免疫学特性。结果　喉梭型细胞癌组织中 ,上皮性癌成分均呈阳性表达 ,梭型细胞成分大部分细胞呈阳性表达。结论　梭型细胞癌是上皮性肿瘤 ,是变异的鳞状细胞癌。     

Nodular Fasciitis of the Oral Cavity with Partial Spontaneous Regression (Nodular Fasciitis)

Nodular fasciitis is a lesion found in the subcutaneous fascia that micoscopically presents as a benign proliferation of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, which may be mistaken for a sarcoma due to clinically rapid growth. Diagnosis is by histopathology and of the immunohistochemical profile. We describe a case of nodular fasciitis in the oral cavity that demonstrated partial spontaneous regression. The patient was a 32-year-old man with a buccal mucosal mass, which had grown rapidly for 45 days. On microscopic examination, the lesion displayed a well-delineated but not encapsulated proliferation of spindle cells, with a nodular growth pattern. Immunohistochemical analysis showed positivity of the spindle cells for the antibodies against smooth muscle actin and muscle-specific actin (HHF-35). Treatment of such lesions typically involves complete conservative excision, but the lesion may regress eventually in the absence of definitive treatment.     

有丝分裂阻滞缺陷基因异常在肿瘤中的研究进展

纺锤体组装检验点（ Spindle assembly checkpoint ，SAC）是机体有丝分裂的重要监控机制，能够监控着丝点与微管之间的连接，确保染色体正确分离。有丝分裂阻滞缺陷家族蛋白（ Mitotic arrest defi-cient protein，Mad）作为SAC的重要组成部分，其主要在正常有丝分裂过程中发挥作用。 Mad家族基因突变或蛋白表达异常可能导致染色体异常分离，在促使肿瘤发生、预示肿瘤预后不良、化疗药物耐药等方面都起到一定作用。