Matrine,oxymatrine, and compound Kushen injection from the roots of Sophora flavescens: an overview of their anticancer activities

In the present review, we updated current information on the chemistry, contents, and anticancer properties of matrine (MT), oxymatrine (OMT), and compound Kushen injection (CKI). The anticancer properties were focused on lung, breast, and liver cancer cells because they are most susceptible. Sources of information were from Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Direct, PubChem, J-Stage, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Reference was also made on botanical websites, such as Flora of China and World Flora Online. MT and OMT are dominant quinolizidine alkaloids from the roots of Sophora flavescens (Kushen) of the family Fabaceae. Against lung, breast, and liver cancer cells, MT and OMT inhibit cell proliferation; induce cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy; restrict angiogenesis; and inhibit cell metastasis, invasion, and migration. The processes involve various molecular targets and signaling pathways. CKI is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) composed of root extracts of S. flavescens and Smilax glabra (Baituling) of the family Smilacaceae. With MT and OMT as major components, CKI has been approved for the treatment of cancer in China more than 20 years ago. In recent years, systematic reviews and meta-analysis have been undertaken to evaluate the anticancer effects of CKI. When CKI is used alone and in combination with chemotherapy of western medicine, there is much to be learned concerning their interactions besides their individual and integrated efficacy. Some perspectives of MT, OMT, and CKI are discussed, and their suggestions for future research are provided.     

苦豆子总碱的体外抗菌活性研究

目的：了解苦豆子总碱的体外抗菌活性,方法：以琼脂稀释法、试管稀释法、活菌计数法检测苦豆了总碱的体外最低抑菌浓度（ＭＩＣ）及最低杀菌浓度（ＭＢＣ）等。结果：苦豆子总碱体外对１０余种２０６株试验菌均有抑菌作用,其ＭＩＣ是１０～４０ｍｇ／ｍｌ,大于３～５ＭＩＣ的浓度对上述试验菌有杀菌作用。苦豆子总碱在碱性环境下抑菌作用较强,细菌接种量可影响其ＭＩＣ,血清含量对ＭＩＣ无明显影响。结论：苦豆子总碱有广谱抗菌     

槐角的避孕成分研究(Ⅱ)——化合物Ⅴ～Ⅷ的分离和鉴定

本文报道从槐角中分离到的化合物Ⅴ～Ⅷ的鉴定。经紫外、核磁共振光谱分析及物理化学常数的测定,证明化合物Ⅴ～Ⅷ分别为山萘酚-3-槐糖甙、染料木素-7-双葡萄糖甙、山萘酚-3-鼠李糖-双葡萄糖甙和染料木素-7-双葡萄糖-鼠李糖甙。这些甙水解后的甙元山萘酚和染料木素对小鼠具有抗生育活性。     

中药山豆根的形态组织学研究

对目前国内作山豆根用的9种不同植物来源的生药进行了形态组织学的比较研究,观察并描述了它们的生药性状和组织构造,并列出了生药的分种检索表。     

龙爪槐花中芦丁的薄层及紫外光谱鉴别

目的：对龙爪槐花中的芦丁进行定性鉴别。方法：采集不同花期龙爪槐的花，提取后用薄层层析法及紫外分光光度法进行芦丁的定性鉴别。结果：龙爪槐花中含有有效成分芦丁。结论：龙爪槐花可作为开发芦丁新的药源植物。     

苦参抗白血病作用及其机制

采用CFU GM和白血病CFU L集落培养、NBT/MTT还原试验和DNA的片段化分析法 ,观察了苦参对正常人骨髓、脐带血粒 巨噬系造血祖细胞 (CFU GM)和人急性髓系白血病HL 6 0细胞增殖、分化、凋亡的影响。结果表明 :5 ,10 ,15 ,2 0 μg·μl-1苦参均能明显抑制HL 6 0细胞增殖并诱导其凋亡 ,呈浓度 效应关系 ;其中 15 μg·μl-1苦参诱导HL 6 0细胞分化作用明显 ,且 5～ 15 μg·μl-1苦参对正常人造血祖细胞无明显的细胞毒作用。提示苦参在一定浓度范围内有选择性抗白血病效应。此结果为进一步研究和开发苦参并应用于肿瘤临床提供了实验依据。     

苦豆子总碱对雄性小鼠生殖细胞辐射损伤的影响

目的:研究苦豆子总碱对60Coγ射线照射雄性小鼠生殖细胞的影响.方法:小鼠腹腔注射苦豆子总碱,采用60Coγ射线全身均匀照射,剂量为5.0Gy,检测受照小鼠染色体畸变率、精子畸形率、睾丸指数以及对其睾丸组织进行病理学观察.结果:辐射损伤后小鼠染色体畸变率、精子畸形率增加,睾丸指数下降并发生形态学改变.苦豆子总碱可促进上述受损指标的恢复.结论:苦豆子总碱对受照小鼠雄性生殖细胞具有一定的保护作用.     

藏药砂生槐子生物碱抗炎抑菌活性的研究

目的:观察砂生槐种子生物碱体外抗炎抑菌活性.方法:用KB法和最低抑菌浓度测定进行研究,用二甲苯诱发小鼠耳肿胀动物模型观察其抗炎作用.结果:砂生槐种子生物碱(2-16mg·0.01ml一)具有抑制金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌的生长繁殖的活性,形成抑菌环;对二甲苯诱发的小鼠耳急性炎症肿胀无抑制作用.结论:砂生槐子生物碱能抑制金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌的生长繁殖,对小鼠耳急性炎症肿胀无抑制作用.     

苦豆子总生物碱对小鼠乳腺癌4T1细胞体外增殖抑制及诱导凋亡作用的研究

目的研究苦豆子总生物碱对小鼠乳腺癌4T1细胞体外增殖抑制及诱导凋亡作用。方法苦豆子总生物碱提取并纯化,处理成澄清的药物溶液后用于细胞给药。CCK-8法测定不同浓度的苦豆子总生物碱作用24h后4T1细胞存活率。流式细胞术检测给药24h后4T1细胞凋亡率。结果与对照组比较,实验组药物浓度为5.00mg/mL时,4T1细胞存活率为63.05%;药物浓度为10.00mg/mL时,4T1细胞存活率为20.30%,随着给药浓度的增加,细胞存活率呈明显下降趋势。实验组药物浓度为6.25mg/mL时,细胞凋亡率为11.4%;药物浓度为10.00mg/mL时,细胞凋亡率为41.7%,随着给药浓度的增加,细胞凋亡率明显增加。结论苦豆子总生物碱能诱导细胞凋亡,对小鼠乳腺癌4T1细胞的增殖有明显抑制作用。