The impact of mitral valve morphology on the long-term outcome of mitral balloon valvuloplasty.

BACKGROUND: The effect of mitral valve morphology (MVM) on the long-term results of mitral balloon valvuloplasty (MBV) is not well established. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of MVM on long-term outcome of MBV. METHODS: Five hundred and eighteen consecutive patients (mean age, 31+/-11 years) who underwent successful MBV were followed up for 0.5-16.5 (mean, 6+/-4.5) years. Patients were divided into two groups according to their mitral echo score (MES) before MBV: group A (n=340; MES8). RESULTS: We report the immediate and long-term clinical and echocardiographic results of the above-mentioned 518 consecutive patients. The mitral valve area was significantly larger in group A than in group B, both immediately after MBV (2.0+/-0.3 vs. 1.82+/-0.3 cm2, respectively; P<0.0001) and also at the last follow-up (1.8+/-0.33 vs. 1.5+/-0.33 cm2, respectively; P<0.0001). Restenosis occurred in 38/340 (11%) in group A vs. 73/178 (41%) in group B (P<0.0001). Actuarial freedom from restenosis at 5, 10, 15 years were 92+/-2%, 85+/-3%, 65+/-6% for group A vs. 72+/-4%, 44+/-5%, 9+/-6% for group B (P<0.001). Event-free survival rates at 5, 10, 15 years for group A were 93+/-1%, 88+/-2%, 66+/-6% vs. 82+/-3%, 59+/-6%, 8+/-7% for group B (P<0.0001). Stepwise Cox multivariate regression analysis identified MES, preprocedure functional class, and postprocedure mitral valve area相似文献   

不同形状界面对界面射流的影响──彩色多普勒与激光荧光染料方法的研究

本文通过应用彩色多普勒及激光荧光染料显示射流方法研究了不同形状界面对射流的影响。结果表明对照组及平坦界面射流时，彩色多普勒与激光荧光染料两种方法无显著差异；在弯曲界面条件下，彩色多普勒射流小于激光荧光染料射流（Ｐ＜０．０１～０．０００１）。彩色多普勒研究表明不同形状界面射流大小分别与每搏容量相关好（ｒ＝０．８３～０．９９），但射流大小明显不同。凹形界面射流面积最小，平坦及凸形界面射流面积也小于对照组。研究提示不同形状界面可以导致界面射流不同程度地减小，并且彩色多普勒也不易对弯曲界面的射流完全成像。在临床上应用彩色多普勒对返流定量时，需考虑上述影响。     

Percutaneous balloon aortic valvuloplasty in the treatment of congenital valvu lar aortic stenosis in children

Objective To assess the effect of the balloon valvuloplasty for congenital valvular aortic stenosis (AS) in children.Methods A total of 27 (mean age 6.09 years) children with AS accepted the treatment of percutaneous balloon aortic valvuloplasty (PBAV).The ratios of balloon/valve were 0.95±0.08 for 19 cases of typical AS and 1.00±0.11 for 8 cases of hyp oplastic AS.The patients were evaluated by the gradients across aotic valves i n pre- and post-PBAV and by echocardiogram during the follow-up period.Results Fifteen of 19 （78.9%）cases of typical AS had a better outcome and the gradien t of the remaining 4 cases (26.7%) had increased after follow-up (ΔP&gt;50 mm Hg).Four of 8 (50.0%) cases of hypoplastic AS had satisfactory responses and the gradient of the remaining 3 cases (75.0%) rose.There was no moderate to s evere aortic insufficiency (AI). Conclusion The balloon aortic valvuloplasty provides safe and significant hemodynamic and c linical improvement in pediatric patients.The outcome of PBAV for typical AS is better than for hypoplastic AS.     

顺行和逆行取栓对静脉瓣膜及血管壁的影响

目的：比较顺行取栓与逆行取栓在猪腋静脉急性血栓形成对于其瓣膜功能和静脉壁形态的影响。方法：分别结扎猪的腋静脉的近远端,于结扎段内注入凝血酶原,放置６ｈ使形成血栓。随机分配为顺行取栓和逆行取栓组,对血栓段进行取栓。取栓后２４ｈ行取栓静脉插管逆行造影以评估瓣膜功能;切取此段静脉作ＣＤ８＾＋细胞免疫组化和苏木精－伊红（ＨＥ）染色以对比血管内膜及平滑肌的损伤程度。结果：逆行与顺行取栓在所有的例数中都成功地     

THE VALUE OF 99mTc-MIBI MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION SPECT IMAGING IN DETECTING CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH VALVULAR DISEASE BEFORE OPERATION

Objective. The aim of this study was to detect coronary artery disease using ^99mTc-MIBI myocardial perfusion imaging in patients with valvular disease. Methods. Thirty patients with valvular disease confirmed by echocardiography underwent ^99mTc-MIBI myocardial perfusion imaging using multiSPECT lh after stress test (exercise, dipyridamole or dobutamine test) and were performed coronary angiography within 1 month before valvular operation. Results. For 29 out of the 30 patients, the results of ^99mTc-MIBI myocardial perfusion imaging were similar with those of coronary angiography, the concordance rate was 96.7 % and the negative predictabili-ty was 100%. Conclusion. ^99mTc-MIBI myocardial perfusion imaging is a reliable non-invasive method for detecting coronary artery disease in patients with valvular disease and so as to draw up suitable operation programs for them.     

Velocity distributions in the left ventricular outflow tract in patients with valvular aortic stenosis: Effect on the measurement of aortic valve area by using the continuity equation

The cross-sectional velocity distribution in the left ventricularoutflow tract was studied in 40 patients with valvular aorticstenosis. Doppler colour flow mapping and a time-interpolationmethod were used to construct the cross-sectional velocity andtime-velocity integral (TVI) profiles at different levels. Byusing pulsed Doppler, the subaorticflow velocity was sampledfrom the anterior, middle and posterior regions along the diameterof the left ventricular outflow tract (at 0.5 to 1.0 cm proximalto the aortic anulus) in the apical long axis view. Thus, foreach patient, three aortic valve areas were calculated by usingthe continuity equation. Each patient was assigned to one oft/treesubgroups according to the left ventricular ejection fraction(EF): subgroup I with EF25% (n=10), subgroup II with 25%<EF50%(n=17) and subgroup III with EF>50% (n = 13). Velocity distributionsin the three subgroups were compared to each other. Results:(1) The velocity distribution in the left ventricular outflowtract was skewed with the highest velocities and TVIs alongthe anterior wall and septum. The skewness of the velocity distributionwas more pronounced in the apical long axis view than in thefour chamber view (P<0.05). The extent of skewness of theTVI profile was positively correlated to the left ventricularEF both in the long axis view (r=0.63; P<0.001) and in thefour chamber view (r=0–57; P<0.001). (2) Pulsed Dopplersampling from different regions along the diameter produceddifferent TVIs, and therefore yielded significantly differentcalculated aortic valve areas, especially in subgroup III. Due to the skewness of the velocity distribution in the leftventricular outflow tract, location of the pulsed Doppler samplevolume significantly affects the accuracy of aortic valve areacalculation by using the continuity equation, especially inpatients with relatively high left ventricular EF. In patientswith low EF, selection of pulsed Doppler sampling site is lessimportant.     

重症心脏瓣膜病的外科治疗

目的为探讨重症心脏瓣膜病外科治疗的安全性、手术成功率、治疗效果的方法。方法对200例重症心脏瓣膜病患者进行了手术治疗，按重症心脏瓣膜病的诊断标准，均存在多项心脏瓣膜病外科手术的高危因素；其中单纯左房室瓣替换94例、单纯主动脉瓣替换10例、左房室瓣替换加主动脉瓣替换90例、右房室瓣替换3例、感染性心内膜炎赘生物清除加左房室瓣替换3例，并且进行了回顾性的分析。结果本组手术大部分取得良好恢复，并发症发生率25％（50／200），术后早期死亡率7％（14／200）。随访157例中，远期死亡8例。结论重症心脏瓣膜病外科手术的卉度症发生率较高，手术风险相对较高，但术前准备、麻醉平稳、术中对病变的纠治合理和注意并发症的预防等，仍能取得较好的疗效。     

老年退行性心脏瓣膜病相关因素分析

目的:探讨老年人(≥60岁)退行性心脏瓣膜病患病的可能相关因素及危险因素。方法:钙化组67例,对照组73例,分析性别、年龄、高血压、冠心病、高脂血症、骨质疏松、糖尿病与老年退行性心脏瓣膜病的相关性,进一步分析其相关的危险因素。结果:年龄、高血压、高脂血症、骨质疏松在两组间分布差异有非常显著性(P<0.01),冠心病在两组间分布差异有显著性(P<0.05)。老年退行性心脏瓣膜病的危险因素是年龄、骨质疏松和高血压。结论:老年退行性心脏瓣膜病是一种随年龄改变的心脏病,年龄可能是其发病的显著危险因素;骨质疏松、高血压等因素可能是其发病的危险因素;冠心病、高脂血症等因素可能与其发病有关。     

联合瓣膜病合并巨大左室的瓣膜替换术

目的 评价联合瓣膜合并巨大左室病人瓣膜替换术的疗效。结果 １９９０年１月至１９９８年６月间共５９例联合瓣膜病变合并巨大左室病人行二尖瓣与主动脉瓣双瓣替换术,其中保留二尖瓣全或后瓣下结构２１例,行三尖瓣成形术４２例,左房折叠术１１例。结果 术后早期并发症２５例,晚期死亡４列,占２．６７％。影响手术早期疗效的主要因素是术前重度左室扩大,收缩末直径（ＥＳＤ）≥６．０ｃｍ和舒张末直径（ＥＤＤ）≥８．０ｃｍ     

巨大心脏瓣膜置换术的临床研究

目的:总结合并巨大心脏瓣膜病行心脏瓣膜置换术的疗效,探讨影响手术疗效的高危因素,手术适应症,围手术期处理.方法:1999年6月至2004年6月共为16例合并巨大心脏(CTR＞0.7)的瓣膜病行心脏瓣膜置换术,其中双瓣置换术12例、二尖瓣置换术2例、主动脉瓣置换术2例,同时行三尖瓣Devega成形术2例,均选用机械瓣.结果:术后早期死亡2例,1例并发肾功能衰竭,多器官功能衰竭死亡.1例并发恶性室性心律失常死亡,死亡率为12.2%,14例生存,术后6个月时心功能明显改善.结论:提高手术疗效,降低手术并发症及死亡率的关键是把握手术时机、完善的围手术期处理.