结节型与团块渗出型肺隐球菌病的临床特征分析

目的：将肺隐球菌病（pulmonary cryptococcosis，PC）患者肺部CT表现分为结节为主型或团块渗出为主型两组，分析两组患者的临床表现的差异，为早期诊断识别肺隐球菌病提供帮助。方法：回顾性分析2010年1月1日至2021年1月1日期间复旦大学附属中山医院非HIV感染PC的住院患者，依据首次诊断时胸部CT病灶表现，分为结节型组、团块渗出型组，收集并分析两组间年龄、性别、基础疾病、临床症状、炎症指标和隐球菌荚膜抗原(CrAg)等相关临床资料。结果：本研究共纳入患者187例（男女比例1.71：1），分为结节型组（121例，64.7%）、团块渗出型组（66例，35.3%）。与结节型组患者比较，团块渗出型组发病年龄更早[（46.61±15.35）岁 vs （53.31±12.39）岁，P<0.01]；咳嗽（57.6% vs 35.5%，P<0.01）、咳痰（36.4% vs 17.4%，P<0.01）、发热（36.4% vs 11.6%，P<0.01）更多见；血沉[（28.34±24.11）mm/H vs（16.08±16.41）mm/H，P<0.01]、C反应蛋白[（18.20±25.02）mg/L vs （6.35±12.71）mg/L，P<0.01]更高；淋巴细胞比例低于20%的发生率更高（46.9%vs 25.4%，P<0.01）；CrAg阳性率更高（93.4% vs 81.3%，P<0.05），CrAg滴度更高（采用-lg值表示，2.01±0.93 vs 1.08±0.81，P<0.05）。而两组间白细胞计数、中性粒细胞计数、中性粒细胞比例、淋巴细胞计数、降钙素原均无显著性差异（P>0.05）。结论：非HIV感染PC患者胸部CT结节型更多见（64.7%）。相较于结节型患者，团块渗出型PC患者年龄更小、临床症状更多、炎症指标更高、CrAg阳性率及滴度更高。     

Studies of vascular and other lesions in KK mice

Summary Glomerulosclerosis was found in 47% of 64 nonobese genetically diabetic KK mice. The changes consisted of a progressive increase in mesangial matrix and cells forming diffuse lesions. Nodular-type lesions, made up of mesangial matrix and cells were also noted, and there were many so-called exudative lesions. The incidence of these lesions increased significantly with age. Lesions of blood vessels, interstitial tissue and tubules were not significant. — Gangrene of the extremities was found thus far in 4 KK mice. — Tolerance to oral glucose was impaired in a very high percentage of animals. Glycosuria was found mostly during the OGTT. In a significant percentage of animals serum fasting triglyceride values were high. Pancreatic immunoreactive insulin was about double and serum IRI three times higher in the KK mice. Elevated BUN levels and significant proteinuria were found in some of the KK mice.Supported in part by grants from N.I.H. # AM, 13343-01, Health Research Council of City of New York and Pfizer Pharmaceutical Company.