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《International journal of audiology》2013,52(9):577-586
AbstractObjective: We examined cortical auditory development and behavioral outcomes in children with ANSD fitted with cochlear implants (CI). Design: Cortical maturation, measured by P1 cortical auditory evoked potential (CAEP) latency, was regressed against scores on the infant toddler meaningful auditory integration scale (IT-MAIS). Implantation age was also considered in relation to CAEP findings. Study sample: Cross-sectional and longitudinal samples of 24 and 11 children, respectively, with ANSD fitted with CIs. Results: P1 CAEP responses were present in all children after implantation, though previous findings suggest that only 50–75% of ANSD children with hearing aids show CAEP responses. P1 CAEP latency was significantly correlated with participants’ IT-MAIS scores. Furthermore, more children implanted before age two years showed normal P1 latencies, while those implanted later mainly showed delayed latencies. Longitudinal analysis revealed that most children showed normal or improved cortical maturation after implantation. Conclusion: Cochlear implantation resulted in measureable cortical auditory development for all children with ANSD. Children fitted with CIs under age two years were more likely to show age-appropriate CAEP responses within six months after implantation, suggesting a possible sensitive period for cortical auditory development in ANSD. That CAEP responses were correlated with behavioral outcome highlights their clinical decision-making utility. 相似文献
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Bite or brain: Implication of sensorimotor regulation and neuroplasticity in oral rehabilitation procedures
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A. Kumar M. Kothari A. Grigoriadis M. Trulsson P. Svensson 《Journal of oral rehabilitation》2018,45(4):323-333
Tooth loss, decreased mass and strength of the masticatory muscles leading to difficulty in chewing have been suggested as important determinants of eating and nutrition in the elderly. To compensate for the loss of teeth, in particular, a majority of the elderly rely on dental prosthesis for chewing. Chewing function is indeed an important aspect of oral health, and therefore, oral rehabilitation procedures should aim to restore or maintain adequate function. However, even if the possibilities to anatomically restore lost teeth and occlusion have never been better; conventional rehabilitation procedures may still fail to optimally restore oral functions. Perhaps this is due to the lack of focus on the importance of the brain in the rehabilitation procedures. Therefore, the aim of this narrative review was to discuss the importance of maintaining or restoring optimum chewing function in the superageing population and to summarise the emerging studies on oral motor task performance and measures of cortical neuroplasticity induced by systematic training paradigms in healthy participants. Further, brain imaging studies in patients undergoing or undergone oral rehabilitation procedures will be discussed. Overall, this information is believed to enhance the understanding and develop better rehabilitative strategies to exploit training‐induced cortical neuroplasticity in individuals affected by impaired oral motor coordination and function. Training or relearning of oral motor tasks could be important to optimise masticatory performance in dental prosthesis users and may represent a much‐needed paradigm shift in the approach to oral rehabilitation procedures. 相似文献
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Takashi Iida Osamu Komiyama Ryoko Obara Lene Baad‐Hansen Misao Kawara Peter Svensson 《European journal of oral sciences》2014,122(1):42-48
This study tested the effect of short‐term tooth‐clenching on corticomotor excitability of the masseter muscle using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Fifteen subjects with normal stomatognathic function participated. All subjects performed a tooth‐clenching task (TCT) on five consecutive days. The TCT consisted of 10, 20, and 40% of maximum voluntary contraction in a randomized order within 1 h. All subjects underwent TMS in four sessions: pretask day 1 (baseline), post‐task day 1, pretask day 5, and post‐task day 5. Motor‐evoked potentials (MEPs) from the masseter and the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscles were obtained using TMS in four sessions. Motor thresholds decreased, after the TCT, for the masseter muscle MEPs. Masseter muscle MEPs were dependent on stimulus intensity and on session, whereas FDI muscle MEPs were only dependent on stimulus intensity. Post‐hoc Tukey tests demonstrated significantly higher masseter muscle MEPs post‐task on day 5 with 80 and 90% stimulus intensity and above when compared with pre‐ and post‐task day 1 values. Our results suggest that the performance of repeated TCTs can trigger neuroplastic changes in the corticomotor control of the jaw‐closing muscles and that such neuroplastic changes may contribute to the mechanism underlying the clinical manifestations of tooth clenching. 相似文献
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M. Trulsson A. van der Bilt G. E. Carlsson K. Gotfredsen P. Larsson F. Müller B. J. Sessle P. Svensson 《Journal of oral rehabilitation》2012,39(11):858-877
Masticatory function is an important aspect of oral health, and oral rehabilitation should aim to maintain or restore adequate function. The present qualitative review is the joint effort of a group of clinicians and researchers with experiences ranging from basic and clinical oral neuroscience to management of patients with dental implants. The aim is to provide a short summary for the clinician of the many aspects related to masticatory function (including quality of life) and rehabilitation with dental implants. While there are many reviews on the tissue responses to dental implants and technical aspects, the functional aspects have received relatively little focus. 相似文献
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《Physical & occupational therapy in geriatrics》2013,31(4):15-34
The purpose of this study is to review and analyze the literature on retirement from an occupational perspective. Theories are compared and described; whether they have empirical support and whether they incorporate individual and environmental factors is discussed. The Model of Human Occupation is presented as one such model that is able to incorporate both individual and environmental factors when retirement issues are added to the model. 相似文献
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Enrico De Martino Laura Petrini Siobhan Schabrun Thomas Graven-Nielsen 《The journal of pain》2018,19(11):1296-1307
Changes in excitability of the sensorimotor cortex have been demonstrated in clinical musculoskeletal pain, although the timing is unknown. Eccentric exercise provokes delayed-onset muscle soreness providing a model to study the temporal profile of sensorimotor cortical plasticity during progressively developing muscle soreness. Twelve healthy participants performed eccentric exercise of the wrist extensors. Likert pain scores, pressure pain thresholds at the extensor carpi radialis (ECR) muscle, somatosensory evoked potentials from electrical stimulation of the radial nerve, maximal wrist extension force, and ECR motor evoked potentials to transcranial magnetic stimulation were recorded before (baseline) and at 2 hours (2-h post), 2 days (day 2), and 6 days (day 6) after exercise. Compared with baseline, 1) the Likert pain score was increased at 2-h post and increased further at day 2 (P < .01); 2) the ECR pressure pain thresholds were decreased at day 2 (P < .001); 3) the P45 amplitude of the somatosensory evoked potential from central-parietal recording sites was increased at day 2 (P < .001); 4) maximal wrist extension force was reduced 2-h post and at day 2 (P < .002); and 5) the cortical area from which ECR motor evoked potentials could be elicited was reduced at 2-h post and at day 2 (P < .03). A decrease in the ECR pressure pain thresholds was correlated (P < .027) with an increase in the P45 amplitude at a centroparietal recording site.
Perspective
These novel data demonstrate that the somatosensory cortical excitability may be affected by muscle soreness developing over days in parallel with a deficit in the motor system. Cortical neuroplasticity may thus develop in the subacute phase and be relevant for understanding neural adaptation in the transition from acute to persistent pain. 相似文献10.
《Growth factors (Chur, Switzerland)》2013,31(6):263-270
This study investigated the role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in neuroplasticity in cats subjected to the removal of dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Following partial ganglionectomy, the number of BDNF-positive varicosities from spared L6 DRG decreased significantly. This reduction was observed at 3 days post operation (dpo) in spinal lamina II of L3 and L5. Whereas the percentages of positive neurons for BDNF and its mRNA in spared L6 DRG at 10 dpo were significantly increased, and accumulated BDNF was seen on the DRG side of the ligated axons. Importantly, BDNF antibody neutralization in vivo results in a significant reduction in the number of varicosities in spinal lamina II, evidenced by BDNF and calcitonin gene-related peptide immunohistochemical staining. These findings suggested that peripheral-derived BDNF could play a critical role in spinal neuroplasticity in cats subjected to partial ganglionectomy. This may underlie the basis of molecular therapy depending on gene drug-like BDNF release. 相似文献