Acute care nurses’ attitudes toward nursing students with disabilities: A focused ethnography

Discrimination towards individuals with disabilities is problematic within nursing. There have been calls to increase diversity in nursing and this includes embracing nurses with disabilities. Increasing diversity in nursing requires increasing diversity among nursing students; in this way, nurse educators are gatekeepers to the profession. Clinical education is a crucial element of nursing education, yet there have been very few studies related to the clinical education of nursing students with disabilities. There have been no studies of attitudes of acute care nurse preceptors toward students with disabilities in the United States. This gap is important as the majority of clinical experiences occur in the acute care environment. Utilizing a focused ethnography, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 acute care nurses with at least two years’ experience precepting students. While positive feelings about nursing students with disabilities were shared, thoughts and behavioral intentions remained negative. Six themes emerged: safety, barriers, otherness, communicating to meet needs, disclosure, and student versus colleague. Attitudinal barriers are the primary barriers faced by individuals with disabilities in becoming and practicing as nurses. Nurses in practice and education must embrace more inclusive attitudes towards individuals with disabilities.     

镇江市护士分层培训及分层进阶现况分析

目的调查镇江市各医院护士分层培训及分层进阶的方法及现状。方法2018年4—5月间采用自行设计的调查问卷,对全市医院的护理人员进行随机抽样调查。结果调查显示镇江市96.45%的护士受医院分层培训及分层进阶这一模式的管理。其中N1占16.77%,N2占29.5%,N3占41.9%,N4占8.7%,其他占3.11%。有24.53%的护士对医院目前的分层培训方式感到满意并认为无需改进,40.99%的护士表示满意,但需要改进,29.19%的护士表示基本满意,需要改进,5.28%的护士表示不满意需要较大改进。95.82%的医院科室对不用层级的护士有不同的核心能力要求并根据不同核心能力要求进行培训。结论护士分层培训几分层进阶这一管理模式在镇江各医院都有体现,但各医院实行的方式有较大差异,配套的管理方式也有待完善。     

郑州市三甲医院急诊科护士道德困境与职业倦怠的现状及相关性研究

目的 调查郑州市三甲医院急诊科护士的道德困境与职业倦怠的现状,并分析两者之间的相关性。方法 采用便利抽样法选取郑州市5所三甲医院的228名急诊科护士作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、中文版护士道德困境量表、护士职业倦怠量表对其进行问卷调查。结果 郑州市三甲医院急诊科护士道德困境总分为(49.41±13.35)分,职业倦怠总分为(63.51±17.25)分。单因素分析显示,不同学历、工作年限的急诊护士的道德困境得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=4.830,P=0.015; F=6.302,P=0.001);不同年龄急诊护士的职业倦怠得分比较,差异有统计学意义 (F=8.328,P=0.005),急诊科护士道德困境与职业倦怠呈正关性(r=0.412,P<0.05)。结论 郑州市三甲医院急诊科护士的道德困境与职业倦怠普遍存在,护士的道德困境与职业倦怠呈正相关。     

员工援助计划服务对心内科护士职业认同感、职业价值观、职业压力的影响

目的 探讨员工援助计划服务对心内科护士职业认同感、职业价值观、职业压力的影响。 方法 选择2018年1-3月我院心内科护理人员58名,为其实施员工援助计划服务,评价实施前后心内科护士的职业认同感、职业价值观、职业压力感知、职业压力反应。 结果 实施后,心内科护士工作压力源各维度评分、压力感知与压力反应各维度得分均较实施前下降(P＜0.05);职业价值观各维度及职业认同感各维度评分均较实施前显著提高(P＜0.001)。 结论 员工援助计划可提高心内科护士职业认同感、职业价值观,缓解其职业压力感知以及职业压力反应。     

顽固性下颌磨牙根尖周炎患者的治疗和护理讨论

目的治疗顽固性下颌磨牙根尖周炎。并尽量减少对牙周膜的机械性损伤。方法采用下牙槽神经阻滞麻醉,并配合局部麻醉。拔牙钳的尖置放于釉牙骨质界以上,采用颊舌向摆动的方式将患牙拔下。在不断滴有生理盐水的条件下,立即用高速车针磨除患牙根尖2￣3mm的牙体组织,根管内3￣5mm深的充填物要用圆钻将其清除,再用牙胶尖和氢氧化钙糊剂充填。将患牙再植入牙槽窝之前,务必用生理盐水将牙槽窝冲洗干净,要求严格控制在15分钟内完成再植,并尽量减少对牙周膜的机械性损伤。再植牙齿一般不需要夹板固定,必要时可采用缝线缝合固定。结果我们选择的5例患者,术后随访1￣2年,1例患者再植失败,4例患者再植成功。结论特异性再植术治疗顽固性下颌磨牙根尖周炎疗效理想,而且较易掌握。     

医护人员对术后痛和术后止痛态度的调查

目的 调查了解医护人员术后痛和术后止痛的认识和态度。方法 用问卷式调查表采取面对面方式调查了本院130名医护人员。结果 ①128人（98.5%）完成答卷。②绝大多数认为应控制术后痛，但约40%不知道术后痛可致并发症。③有20%-50%的人对术后止痛有误解。④仅半数人了解术后止痛用药现状。⑤认为术后止痛应主要由外科医师和麻醉医师负责者分别占55.5%和35.9%。⑥绝大多数认为术后止痛宣传力度不够。⑦对本院术后镇痛工作评价良好。⑧非手术科室人员在某些方面不如手术科室更了解。结论 医护人员术后止痛意识较好，但仍有许多不足之处。有必要进一步加强医护人员术后止痛意识的教育。     

Postoperative analgesia: pain by choice? The influence of patient attitudes and patient education

Postoperative pain control can be unsatisfactory for a variety of reasons, including patients' attitudes towards pain treatment itself. To assess patients' expectations and their influence on postoperative analgesia, as well as the prevalence of pain following common gynaecological surgery, a prospective study was performed in 166 patients with either adbominal hysterectomy, mastectomy, laparoscopy or uterine curettage. After a first postoperative period with routine on-demand analgesia, a nurse specialised in pain treatment discussed the purposes and risks of pain treatment with the patients and cared for these patients in the second, subsequent study period. Following this discussion, 30 of 40 patients refusing analgesics in the first study period agreed to be given pain medication. In the groups with hysterectomy or mastectomy, pain control improved in the second postoperative period, even though the doses of analgesics administered were generally lower. Education of patients regarding the aims and risks of pain therapy is an essential part of pain control and can lead to an improvement of postoperative analgesia.     

SARS一线护士的健康调查及防治对策的探讨

目的 调查从事SARS一线护理工作的护士健康状况，为制定合理的卫生保健措施提供可借鉴的建议。方法 对一线工作人员不同时间点的各项生理指标进行观测，并根据结果采取针对措施。结果 一线工作护士各项生理指标均较正常时出现明显波动，采取相应措施后有明显改善。结论 良好的防治措施对改善一线护士的健康状况大有裨益。     

澳门与广州两地护士焦虑和抑郁的比较研究

澳门是个多元文化的地区 ,被葡萄牙管治 4 0 0余年 ,受葡文化影响深远 ,澳门人口以广东籍后代居多 ,部分来自福建等地区及印尼归侨 ,另一部分来自葡萄牙、缅甸、菲律宾等国家 ,小部分是中葡结合的后代。葡语及中文是官方语言 ,市民日常沟通以广州话为主 ,英语也很通行 ,回归前后才推广普通话。澳门地域面积小就业范围较窄 ,职业多为手工业、纺织业、旅游业及少数专业人士 (医生、律师、工程师等 )。澳门仁伯爵医院已有 12 0多年历史 ,最初是由名叫仁伯爵的葡萄牙军人创办的军医院 ,后由政府接管归澳门卫生司管理 ,是一所综合医院 ,医院护士…     

以工时为核心的护士绩效考核实践

以护理工时为基础,建立以工时核算为核心的老年科护士绩效考核方案,并与医院信息系统相关联。改革后,护士工作效率提高,护理质量提升,护士满意度增加。认为工时绩效考核方案具有一定科学性和合理性,能够充分体现护理人员劳动价值,促进团队协作,提升护理质量。