川党参元素含量特征及影响因素分析

目的:研究川党参元素含量特征和影响元素含量的因素.方法:元素含量测定和统计分析相结合.结果:川党参植物元素含量的RSD低于其土壤中相应元素含量的RSD,不同产地川党参植物元素含量的RSD均小于50%.元素在川党参植物体内分布存在差异.结论:川党参对营养元素的吸收与土壤养分含量、状态以及气候条件等因素有关,对元素的吸收存在元素间的协同或拮抗作用.     

Nordic guidelines for neuraxial blocks in disturbed haemostasis from the Scandinavian Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine

Background: Central neuraxial blocks (CNBs) for surgery and analgesia are an important part of anaesthesia practice in the Nordic countries. More active thromboprophylaxis with potent antihaemostatic drugs has increased the risk of bleeding into the spinal canal. National guidelines for minimizing this risk in patients who benefit from such blocks vary in their recommendations for safe practice. Methods: The Scandinavian Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine (SSAI) appointed a task force of experts to establish a Nordic consensus on recommendations for best clinical practice in providing effective and safe CNBs in patients with an increased risk of bleeding. We performed a literature search and expert evaluation of evidence for (1) the possible benefits of CNBs on the outcome of anaesthesia and surgery, for (2) risks of spinal bleeding from hereditary and acquired bleeding disorders and antihaemostatic drugs used in surgical patients for thromboprophylaxis, for (3) risk evaluation in published case reports, and for (4) recommendations in published national guidelines. Proposals from the taskforce were available for feedback on the SSAI web‐page during the summer of 2008. Results: Neuraxial blocks can improve comfort and reduce morbidity (strong evidence) and mortality (moderate evidence) after surgical procedures. Haemostatic disorders, antihaemostatic drugs, anatomical abnormalities of the spine and spinal blood vessels, elderly patients, and renal and hepatic impairment are risk factors for spinal bleeding (strong evidence). Published national guidelines are mainly based on experts' opinions (weak evidence). The task force reached a consensus on Nordic guidelines, mainly based on our experts' opinions, but we acknowledge different practices in heparinization during vascular surgery and peri‐operative administration of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs during neuraxial blocks. Conclusions: Experts from the five Nordic countries offer consensus recommendations for safe clinical practice of neuraxial blocks and how to minimize the risks of serious complications from spinal bleeding. A brief version of the recommendations is available on http://www.ssai.info .     

Pigmented nail with atypical melanocytic hyperplasia

We report two cases showing black discoloration of the thumb nail which were histologically found to be acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) in situ. A pigmented subungual lesion is more frequently malignant than benign and it is generally believed that diagnosis of subungual melanoma during the radial-growth phase is very difficult. Our cases are particularly interesting because atypical melanocytic hyperplasia was confined to the epidermis despite the lesion being present for a long time.     

��ͯ��˷�֦�˾��ٴ������������͵ij����о�����ҩ����Է���

??Abstract??Objective??To explore the characteristics on molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in chilidren and to analyse the relationship between drug resistance and genotype. Methods??Totally 150 M.tuberculosis isolated strains were collected from Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University and typed by MIRU genotyping.The relationship between genetic type and drug resistance was explored. Results??The 150 strains were divided into 89 distinct MIRU patterns’ and 65 isolates of them were unique. Totally 85 strains were grouped into 24 different MIRU clusters. The MIRU genotype of the largest cluster was 223325173533. Drug resistant M. tuberculosis wasn’t associated with cluster type. Conclusion??223325173533 genotype was perhaps the main epidemic strains for children in Chongqing. Drug-resistance might have no relationship with the clustering genotype.