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1.
深圳市外来青年工人的心理健康状况调查   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
为了解外来青年工人的心理健康水平,采用90项症状清单(SCL-90)、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)、社会支持量表和自编劳动心理卫生调查表,对深圳市371名外来青年工人(研究组)的心理健康状况进行了调查,并与100名当地青年工人(对照组)及全国常模比较。结果:研究组的SCL-90评定总均分、阳性症状均分以及强迫、人际敏感、恐怖3个因子分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05~0.01)。外来青年工人心理健康水平低于当地青年工人,也低于全国常模。多因素分析显示,主要影响因素依次为:神经质程度、精神压力程度、收入、思家程度、婚恋情况、性格内外倾向、居住条件及社会地位。提示心理卫生工作者应加强对外来青年工人的心理辅导和咨询工作,预防心理障碍的发生  相似文献   

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目的 研究一氧化氮(NO) 在帕金森病(PD)小鼠模型神经损害中的作用。方法 用比色分析、高效液相色谱电化学及免疫组化法检测1甲基4苯基四氢吡啶(MPTP)和7硝基吲唑(7NI)对C57BL小鼠纹状体一氧化氮合酶(NOS) 活性,多巴胺(DA)、二羟基苯乙酸(DOPAC)、高香草酸(HVA) 水平和酪氨酸羟化酶(TH) 免疫阳性神经纤维的影响。结果 注射MPTP后C57BL小鼠纹状体NOS活性增加,7NI能明显抑制MPTP引起的NOS活性的升高( 分别为0 .93 ±0.24 和0.54 ±0.16,nmol·min-1·g-1 组织,P<0.01) 。7NI能明显减轻MPTP引起的C57BL小鼠纹状体DA( 分别为0 .8 ±0 .2 和6.8±0.5,μg/g 组织,P<0.01) 、DPOAC( 分别为0.3 ±0.1 和0 .9 ±0 .3 ,μg/g 组织,P< 0 .01)、HVA(分别为0.4±0.2 和0.9 ±0 .2,μg/g 湿组织,P< 0.01) 的降低及TH 阳性神经纤维损害。结论神经元来源的NO 参与了MPTP的毒性机制,神经元型NOS抑制剂可能有益于PD的治疗。  相似文献   

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为探讨功能性消化不良(FD)患者的心理健康状况与个性特征,采用fScl-90EPQ量表对32例FD患者进行测试。结果显示,SCL0-90总分及躯体化症状、强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执、精神病性症状等8个因子分均高于常模,且有显著性统计学差异(P〈0.05或P〈0.01);EPQ-N、P两量表分高于常模,且有显著性统计学差异(P〈0.01或P〈0.05)。说明FK患者存在较重的心理健康问题  相似文献   

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海洛因对人体细胞免疫的影响及其机理   总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21  
目的探讨长期静脉注射海洛因对人体细胞免疫功能的影响。方法以T细胞亚群、白细胞介素2(IL2)、白细胞介素6(IL6)及一氧化氮(NO)为指标,检测22例长期静脉注射海洛因患者的细胞免疫功能改变,并与正常人相对照。结果海洛因依赖者外周血中的CD+4T细胞数(29.1±12.7)较对照组(53.0±10.1)降低,CD+4/CD+8比值倒置,有丝分裂原诱导的IL2水平(37.8±11.4μg/L)较对照组(3.8±0.6μg/L)降低,IL6水平(55.0±10.4mg/L)较对照组(2.9±0.5mg/L)增高,NO含量(71.1±13.3μmol/L)较对照组(54.6±17.7μmol/L)增高。结论长期使用海洛因可抑制人体的细胞免疫功能,辅助性T淋巴细胞1和辅助性T淋巴细胞2之间的功能失调可能是其细胞免疫功能抑制的中介因素之一。  相似文献   

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目的探讨焦虑、抑郁不良情绪与慢性乙型肝炎发展和转归的关系。方法采用LSAB免疫组化和ELISA方法,检测52例慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染者的肝细胞CerbB2P185癌基因蛋白及血清HBeAg,同时进行焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)调查,并与国内常模对照。结果显示CerbB2P185癌基因蛋白阳性患者SAS和SDS总标准分均值升高,分别为44±6和49±10,并差异有非常显著性,(P<0.01)。结论提示焦虑、抑郁情绪可能对慢性乙型肝炎的发生、发展起作用。  相似文献   

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采用90项症状清单(SCL-90)对38例酒精所致精神障碍住院患者正好了的心理健康状况进行了测评;并对其中慢性酒中毒和酒依赖患者妻子的心理健康状况进行比较。结果发现,酒精所致精神障碍鹗2正好了的躯体化、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对和偏执6个因子均分显著高于国内常模(P〈0.01~0.05);慢必不朽事毒患者正好了在人际关系、抑郁、敌对3项因子均分高于酒依赖患者妻子(P〈0.01~0.05)。提示由于  相似文献   

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老年抑郁量表和普通健康问卷(简本)信度和效度的研究   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
目的测量老年抑郁量表简本(GDS15)和普通健康问卷简本(GHQ12)的信度和效度。方法以≥70岁的老年人为对象,通过问卷和个别面谈进行调查。结果GDS15和GHQ12均有良好的信度(Cronbachα分别=0.82和0.75);可体现性别和婚姻状况对心理健康的影响,两个量表与社会经济因素及自评健康状况有显著相关(尤其是GDS15)。结论两个量表均可作为评估对老年人提供社会支持、经济援助及增强体质成效的工具,GDS15具有较高的灵敏度。  相似文献   

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目的:研究待退伍军人的心理健康状况,为部队政治、卫生工作提供依据。方法:对某部退伍前610名老兵进行SCL-90及EPQ测试,将结果与中国正常人常模及中国军人常模进行比较。结果:老兵组的SCL-90总分≥160分51人(8.5%),因子分≥3的因子有躯体化(1.3%)、人际关系敏感(1.2%)、焦虑(1.3%);SCL-90总分、因子分、阳性项目数均低于中国军人常模,差异非常显著;除躯体化、精神病性两因子外,SCL-90总分、因子分、阳性项目数和其余7个因子均低于中国正常人常模,有非常显著的差异。结论:待退伍军人的心理健康状况优于现役军人和中国正常人常模。心理问题的发生与老兵的个性特征及社会支持有关。  相似文献   

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东北地区农民工心理健康状况的调查与分析   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
目的为了解东北地区农民工的心理健康状况。方法采用SCL-90、EPQ,随机抽取东北地区四个城市470名民工进行调查,并与国内常模进行比较。结果农民工SCL-90的9个因子分均值及阳性项目数均显著高于国内常模(P〈0.001),女性民工有5个因子分均值及阳性项目数显著高于男性民工(P〈0.05)zEPQ农民工组的P、E分量表得分均显著高于常模组(P〈0.001),女性农民工N分量表得分显著高于男性(P〈0.05)。结论东北地区农民工心理健康水平低于全国正常人的平均水平,女性农民工心理健康水平低于男性。  相似文献   

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本组以利培酮与氯氮平治疗精神分裂症进行疗效对照研究。1 对象与方法研究对象为符合CCMD2R精神分裂症诊断标准患者,用药前SCL90测评F8偏执、F9精神病和F4抑郁因子均在3~35之间。共108例患者,男52例,女56例;其中氯氮平组60例,利培酮组48例,治疗两周后进行SCL90评定。2 结果 SCL90评定结果见附表。作者单位:710061 西安市精神卫生中心附表 两组疗后SCL90因子分比较[例数(%)]组 别例数F8、9降至2分以下F4降至2分以下P利培酮组4843(89…  相似文献   

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A number of cross-sectional population studies have shown that a strong sense of coherence (SOC) is associated with various aspects of good perceived health. The association does not seem to be entirely attributable to underlying associations of SOC with other variables, such as age or level of education. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study reported here was to determine whether SOC predicted subjective state of health. METHODS: The study was carried out as a two-way panel mail survey of 1976 individuals with 4 years interval for two collections of data. The statistical method used was multivariate cumulative logistic modeling. Age, initial subjective state of health, initial occupational training level, and initial degree of social integration were included as potential explanatory variables. RESULTS: A strong SOC predicted good health in women and men. CONCLUSIONS: SOC can be interpreted as an autonomous internal resource contributing to a favorable development of subjective state of health. SOC data should, however, be regarded as complementary to and not a substitute for information already known to be associated with increased risk of future ill health.  相似文献   

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Tubocurarine (Tc) effect on membrane currents elicited by acetylcholine (ACh) was studied in isolated superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat using patch-clamp method in the whole-cell recording mode. The "use-dependent" block of ACh current by Tc was revealed in the experiments with ACh applications, indicating that Tc blocked the channels opened by ACh. Mean lifetime of Tc-open channel complex, tau, was found to be 9.8 +/- 0.5 s (n = 7) at -50 mV and 20-24 degrees C. tau exponentially increased with membrane hyperpolarization (e-fold change in tau corresponded to the membrane potential shift by 61 mV). Inhibition of the ACh-induced current by Tc (3-30 microM/1) was completely abolished by membrane depolarization to the level of 80-100 mV. Inhibition of ACh-induced current was augmented at increased ACh doses. It is concluded that the open channel block produced by Tc is likely to be the only mechanism for Tc action on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat.  相似文献   

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Fine structural characteristics of synapses in the spiral organ of Corti were examined, with reference to differences between inner and outer haircell systems, and to location of neurons of origin of efferent axons. Surgical interruption of crossed olivocochlear bundle, of vestibular nerve, of facial nerve, and excision of superior cervical ganglia were used to determine the pathways of efferent axons. Interruption of the vestibular nerve near the brainstem results in degeneration of all efferent terminals on outer hair cells. Mid-line lesions at, and caudal to, the facial colliculus result in degeneration of about half of these efferent terminals. Efferent synaptic bulbs to the inner hair-cell system are small, of the order of one micron, and form type 2 junctions with afferent dendrites. They tend to have more large dense-core vesicles (about 80 nm) than the large efferent terminals of the outer hair-cell system, and appear to be the terminals of axons in the habenula perforata, which exhibit varicosities laden with large dense core vesicles. The varicosities are unaffected by excision of the superior cervical ganglia. So far as our material can reveal, it appears that the varicosities in the habenula perforata do not survive vestibular root interruption, nor do the efferent processes in the internal spiral bundle or at the base of inner hair cells. Most interestingly, the afferent processes of the inner hair-cell system, as identified for example by their relation to pre-synaptic bodies in the inner hair cells, are subject to a trans-synaptic reaction after severance of the vestibular root. They undergo a dramatic cytological transformation, characterized by increase of volume, engorgement with microtubules, microfilaments, microvesicles of various sizes, and clusters of lysosomes. Thus, both the efferent and afferent terminals of the inner hair-cell system show marked cytological differences from the corresponding terminals of the outer hair cell system.  相似文献   

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Background Dementia occurs in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Late onset of PD has been reported to be associated with a higher risk for dementia. However, age at onset (AAO) and age at baseline assessment are often correlated. The aim of this study was to explore whether AAO of PD symptoms is a risk factor for dementia independent of the general effect of age. Methods Two community-based studies of PD in New York (n = 281) and Rogaland county, Norway (n = 227) and two population-based groups of healthy elderly from New York (n = 180) and Odense, Denmark (n = 2414) were followed prospectively for 3–4 years and assessed for dementia according to DSM-IIIR. All PD and control cases underwent neurological examination and were followed with neurological and neuropsychological assessments. We used Cox proportional hazards regression based on three different time scales to explore the effect of AAO of PD on risk of dementia, adjusting for age at baseline and other demographic and clinical variables. Findings In both PD groups and in the pooled analyses, there was a significant effect of age at baseline assessment on the time to develop dementia, but there was no effect of AAO independent of age itself. Consistent with these results, there was no increased relative effect of age on the time to develop dementia in PD cases compared with controls. Interpretation This study shows that it is the general effect of age, rather than AAO that is associated with incident dementia in subjects with PD. Received in revised form: 22 December 2005  相似文献   

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After a hopeful beginning, the social process of the reintegration of those with severe mental illness has come to a standstill. I am led to wonder whether "the community" really wants to live together with people suffering from severe mental illness, and if so, how closely? As long as the medical treatment of mental illness provided by the general practitioners is fundamentally deficient, as they are not able to prescribe the necessary interventions--such as out-patient psychiatric nursing, and service providers in the out-patient sector are content with offering increasingly intensive forms of care for the less seriously ill at the cost of the Social Welfare System--the reintegration of those with serious mental illness remains an illusion--which is mainly to the benefit of providers of residential care in homes and hostels.  相似文献   

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