首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
精神分裂症首次发病患者的脑扩散张量成像研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的 利用磁共振扩散张量成像(DTI)技术研究未经药物治疗的精神分裂症首次发病(以下简称首发)患者主要脑区白质纤维束的异常.方法 选取26例首发精神分裂症患者(患者组)和20名健康志愿者(对照组)行脑DTI扫描(两组均为右利手),测量胼胝体膝部、压部、双侧额叶白质、扣带束前部及海马头的部分各向异性(FA)值.结果 (1)对照组左侧扣带束FA值(0.428±0.067)大于右侧(0.375±0.079;P<0.05).(2)患者组两侧相对应感兴趣区FA值差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).(3)患者组左右侧胼胝体压部FA值(均为0.734±0.085)、左右侧扣带束前部FA值(0.300±0.068和0.306 4±0.062)均低于对照组(0.785±0.045,0.428±0.067,0.375±0.079;均P<0.05).结论 首发精神分裂症患者存在双侧扣带束、胼胝体压部白质纤维束的受损,支持脑内连接异常假说.  相似文献   

2.
目的探讨创伤后应激障碍患者(PTSD)是否存在连合纤维束胼胝体及联络纤维扣带纤维束的超微结构异常。方法1.5T的MR成像仪下对12例PTSD患者及12名正常对照进行磁共振弥散张量成像(DTI),测量受试者胼胝体膝部、体部、压部、及双侧扣带水平部、后部等感兴趣区内主要白质纤维束的各向异性分数(FA)值,并进行组间比较。结果患者组双侧(左侧、右侧)扣带束水平部、胼胝体压部的FA值较对照组明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(t分别为3.26、-4.13、2.84,P均小于0.05)。结论PTSD患者的边缘系统纤维束可能存在结构异常。  相似文献   

3.
目的通过扩散张量成像(DTI)观察Duchenne型肌营养不良症患儿脑结构和功能改变。方法共14例Duchenne型肌营养不良症患儿均行DTI检查,以双侧顶叶白质、额叶白质、胼胝体膝部和压部、尾状核头、扣带前回、扣带中回、扣带后回、豆状核、内囊前肢和后肢、丘脑、枕叶白质、颞叶白质、海马、小脑上脚和小脑中脚等脑区为兴趣区,测定各兴趣区部分各向异性(FA)值。结果与正常对照者相比,Duchenne型肌营养不良症患儿仅胼胝体压部FA值降低(t=-2.187,P=0.045),其余脑区FA值组间差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 Duchenne型肌营养不良症患儿胼胝体压部存在微细结构改变,然而,其与Duchenne型肌营养不良症患儿认知功能改变之间的相关性尚待进一步研究。  相似文献   

4.
目的 采用磁共振弥散张量成像(DTI)了解首发精神分裂症患者脑部胼胝体的改变及其与临床症状的关系.方法 将首发精神分裂症住院患者60例和正常对照组26例按规定序列作头颅弥散张量成像扫描,测定胼胝体(膝部、体部、压部)FA值,并在入院当天进行PANSS量表评定.结果 病例组胼胝体体部FA值(0.33±0.10)较对照组(0.40±0.11)小,两组比较有差异(F=4.22,P=0.046);病例组男性胼胝体膝部FA值(0.51±0.08)较对照组(0.63±0.10)小,两组比较有差异(F=6.79,P=0.02);病例组女性胼胝体体部FA值(0.33±0.11)较对照组(0.46±0.08)小,两组比较有差异(F=7.08,P=0.014);阳性因子分、阴性因子分与胼胝体体部FA值无相关,而阴性因子分与胼胝体压部FA值(r=-0.38,P=0.04)则显著负相关.结论 首发精神分裂症患者胼胝体FA值减小,提示白质神经纤维的连续性中断,可能是精神分裂症病理基础之一.  相似文献   

5.
目的 探索精神分裂症患者及其健康同胞是否具有相似的脑白质完整性受损.从而为该异常是否为精神分裂症的易感性生物学特征提供依据.方法 利用基于像素的全脑分析方法比较精神分裂症患者30例及其健康同胞30名和正常对照30名的脑白质密度,将组间有差异的区域作为感兴趣区,利用纤维追踪技术重建穿过这些区域的白质纤维柬,比较三组之间纤维束的各向异性值(FA).结果 精神分裂症患者组及其同胞组左侧前额叶的各向异性低于正常对照组[(0.296±0.030),(0.302±0.030),(0.326±0.026),P<0.05],两组的胼胝体膝部的各向异性也低于正常对照组[(0.560±0.031),(0.568 ±0.025),(0.581 ±0.028),P<0.05],但患者组与同胞组之间的上述差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 左侧前额叶和胼胝体膝部白质完整性受损可能是精神分裂症的易感性生物学特征.  相似文献   

6.
目的 探索精神分裂症患者及其健康同胞是否存在类似的脑白质完整性异常.方法 采用弥散张量成像技术扫描精神分裂症患者(患者组)、患者的健康同胞(同胞组)和健康对照(对照组)的全脑,用基于体素的分析方法比较3组的白质纤维分数各向异性(fractional anisotropy,FA)值.结果 在左侧前额叶和海马区,患者组(左侧前额叶:0.303±0.006,海马:0.310±0.O05)和同胞组(左侧前额叶:0.320±0.006,海马:0.318±0.006)的白质FA值显著小于对照组(左侧前额叶:0.338±0.007,海马:0.338±0.005),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),患者组与同胞组的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在左侧前扣带区,患者组白质FA值(0.391±0.006)显著小于同胞组(0.423±0.006)和对照组(0.412±0.007),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),同胞组的FA值大于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 精神分裂症患者及其健康同胞存在相似的脑白质完整性异常,左侧前额叶和海马白质FA值降低可能意味着精神分裂症的患病风险,左侧前扣带的白质FA值降低则可能是向该病转换的决定因素.  相似文献   

7.
目的:应用磁共振弥散张量成像技术(DTI)观察皮质下缺血性血管性痴呆(SIVD)患者脑白质损害程度,探讨DTI对SIVD白质损害的评估及与阿尔茨海默病(AD)鉴别诊断价值。方法:研究对象分为3组,分别是健康老年人(NC)、皮质下缺血性血管性痴呆(SIVD)患者、AD患者,每组各20例。行常规MR I和DTI扫描后,测定相同感兴趣区(RO I)的各向异性分数(FA)值和表观扩散系数(ADC)值进行比较。结果:SIVD组下额枕束、胼胝体膝部、胼胝体压部、上纵束等部位FA值下降,ADC值升高,与NC、AD组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与NC组比较,AD组前额叶、颞叶、海马、下额枕束、胼胝体膝部和扣带束等部位FA值降低,颞叶、海马等部位ADC值升高,两组差异具有显著性(P<0.05);结论:DTI可以用来评估痴呆患者白质损害的程度,SIVD患者以下额枕束、胼胝体膝部、胼胝体压部、上纵束等部位受累为主,可作为与AD鉴别的客观指标。  相似文献   

8.
目的应用磁共振弥散张量成像(DTI)技术,探讨皮质下缺血性血管性痴呆(SIVD)患者不同联络纤维感兴趣区弥散张量参数改变与认知功能的关系。方法对60例SIVD患者和40例年龄匹配的非痴呆对照者,采用测定感兴趣区弥散张量参数的方法,比较其纤维束完整性差异及与神经心理学量表的关系。结果 (1)与对照组比较,SIVD组双侧下额枕束、双侧扣带束、左侧上纵束和胼胝体膝部的FA值显著下降及ADC值显著升高;(2)双侧额叶前部皮质下白质FA值与MMSE及Mo CA评分呈明显正相关;(3)双侧海马区、双侧扣带束的FA值与MMSE评分呈明显正相关。结论不同脑区的弥散张量参数变化特点有助于SIVD患者认知功能障碍的早期预测。  相似文献   

9.
【摘要】
目的 运用磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)基于白质地图的扩散张量成像(diffusion tensor imaging,DTI)技术研究皮质下缺血性血管病(subcortical ischemic vascular disease,SIVD)患者联络纤维的超微结构改变,并分析DTI参数与认知功能的关系。
方法 连续入选40例SIVD患者,分为血管性认知障碍组18例,无认知障碍组22例,另设立20例正常老年人为对照组。对三组进行MRI检查并对其白质改变进行评分,对联络纤维进行基于白质地图分析(atlase based analysis,ABA)DTI成像,比较组间部分各向异性指数(fractional anisotrophy,FA)、平均扩散率(mean diffusivity,MD)差异,并对SIVD患者DTI参数与蒙特利尔认知评估量表(Montreal Cognitive Assessment,MoCA)得分进行相关性分析。
结果 无认知障碍组较正常组在右侧矢状层(下纵束/下额枕束)、右侧扣带(海马部)及左侧上额枕束的FA值减低;认知障碍组较正常组存在广泛的联络纤维FA值降低,差异均具有显著性。无认知障碍组与正常组比较,仅左侧扣带海马部及左侧上纵束MD值无显著差异,余联络纤维的MD值均显著增高;认知障碍组较正常组存在广泛的联络纤维MD值增高,差异均具有显著性。与无认知功能障碍组比较,认知功能障碍组在双侧矢状层(下纵束/下额枕束)、双侧扣带扣带回部、海马部、双侧上纵束、双侧上额枕束及双侧钩束的FA值减低,MD值增高,差异具有显著性。SIVD患者双侧矢状层(下纵束/下额枕束)、扣带扣带回部、上纵束、上额枕束及钩束和左侧扣带海马部的FA值与MoCA评分呈正相关,MD值与MoCA评分呈负相关。
结论 SIVD患者联络纤维的FA值减低,MD值增高,且DTI参数与其认知功能密切相关。  相似文献   

10.
目的探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并认知功能障碍(T2DM-CI)患者的脑白质结构变化特征。方法纳入33例T2DM-CI患者(T2DM-CI组)、35例T2DM无合并认知功能障碍患者(T2DM-nonCI组)及43例无DM和认知功能障碍者为对照组。应用MR DTI序列检查,利用图集分割的方法计算脑白质20条纤维束弥散参数,比较组间差异,并与认知功能进行相关性分析。结果 3组受试者脑白质纤维束FA值呈下降趋势,MD值呈上升趋势。T2DM-CI组与T2DMnon CI组比较,双侧皮质脊髓束、右侧扣带束海马、胼胝体体部、胼胝体压部、右侧下额枕束、右侧下纵束的FA值差异有显著性(均P 0. 05/20条纤维束)。其中,胼胝体压部、右侧下纵束与语言功能显著相关;双侧皮质脊髓束,胼胝体压部与处理速度差异有显著性(均P 0. 05)。双侧皮质脊髓束、胼胝体压部、双侧下额枕束,双侧上纵束的MD值差异有显著性(均P 0. 05/20条纤维束)。其中,右侧下额枕束、右侧上纵束与语言功能差异有显著性(均P 0. 05)。结论T2DM-CI患者脑白质结构完整性受到破坏,其中胼胝体压部、下纵束、下额枕束、上纵束损伤可能与T2DM-CI患者语言功能受损相关,皮质脊髓束、胼胝体压部损伤可能与处理速度受损相关。  相似文献   

11.
12.
13.
A number of cross-sectional population studies have shown that a strong sense of coherence (SOC) is associated with various aspects of good perceived health. The association does not seem to be entirely attributable to underlying associations of SOC with other variables, such as age or level of education. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study reported here was to determine whether SOC predicted subjective state of health. METHODS: The study was carried out as a two-way panel mail survey of 1976 individuals with 4 years interval for two collections of data. The statistical method used was multivariate cumulative logistic modeling. Age, initial subjective state of health, initial occupational training level, and initial degree of social integration were included as potential explanatory variables. RESULTS: A strong SOC predicted good health in women and men. CONCLUSIONS: SOC can be interpreted as an autonomous internal resource contributing to a favorable development of subjective state of health. SOC data should, however, be regarded as complementary to and not a substitute for information already known to be associated with increased risk of future ill health.  相似文献   

14.
Tubocurarine (Tc) effect on membrane currents elicited by acetylcholine (ACh) was studied in isolated superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat using patch-clamp method in the whole-cell recording mode. The "use-dependent" block of ACh current by Tc was revealed in the experiments with ACh applications, indicating that Tc blocked the channels opened by ACh. Mean lifetime of Tc-open channel complex, tau, was found to be 9.8 +/- 0.5 s (n = 7) at -50 mV and 20-24 degrees C. tau exponentially increased with membrane hyperpolarization (e-fold change in tau corresponded to the membrane potential shift by 61 mV). Inhibition of the ACh-induced current by Tc (3-30 microM/1) was completely abolished by membrane depolarization to the level of 80-100 mV. Inhibition of ACh-induced current was augmented at increased ACh doses. It is concluded that the open channel block produced by Tc is likely to be the only mechanism for Tc action on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat.  相似文献   

15.
Fine structural characteristics of synapses in the spiral organ of Corti were examined, with reference to differences between inner and outer haircell systems, and to location of neurons of origin of efferent axons. Surgical interruption of crossed olivocochlear bundle, of vestibular nerve, of facial nerve, and excision of superior cervical ganglia were used to determine the pathways of efferent axons. Interruption of the vestibular nerve near the brainstem results in degeneration of all efferent terminals on outer hair cells. Mid-line lesions at, and caudal to, the facial colliculus result in degeneration of about half of these efferent terminals. Efferent synaptic bulbs to the inner hair-cell system are small, of the order of one micron, and form type 2 junctions with afferent dendrites. They tend to have more large dense-core vesicles (about 80 nm) than the large efferent terminals of the outer hair-cell system, and appear to be the terminals of axons in the habenula perforata, which exhibit varicosities laden with large dense core vesicles. The varicosities are unaffected by excision of the superior cervical ganglia. So far as our material can reveal, it appears that the varicosities in the habenula perforata do not survive vestibular root interruption, nor do the efferent processes in the internal spiral bundle or at the base of inner hair cells. Most interestingly, the afferent processes of the inner hair-cell system, as identified for example by their relation to pre-synaptic bodies in the inner hair cells, are subject to a trans-synaptic reaction after severance of the vestibular root. They undergo a dramatic cytological transformation, characterized by increase of volume, engorgement with microtubules, microfilaments, microvesicles of various sizes, and clusters of lysosomes. Thus, both the efferent and afferent terminals of the inner hair-cell system show marked cytological differences from the corresponding terminals of the outer hair cell system.  相似文献   

16.
17.
Background Dementia occurs in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Late onset of PD has been reported to be associated with a higher risk for dementia. However, age at onset (AAO) and age at baseline assessment are often correlated. The aim of this study was to explore whether AAO of PD symptoms is a risk factor for dementia independent of the general effect of age. Methods Two community-based studies of PD in New York (n = 281) and Rogaland county, Norway (n = 227) and two population-based groups of healthy elderly from New York (n = 180) and Odense, Denmark (n = 2414) were followed prospectively for 3–4 years and assessed for dementia according to DSM-IIIR. All PD and control cases underwent neurological examination and were followed with neurological and neuropsychological assessments. We used Cox proportional hazards regression based on three different time scales to explore the effect of AAO of PD on risk of dementia, adjusting for age at baseline and other demographic and clinical variables. Findings In both PD groups and in the pooled analyses, there was a significant effect of age at baseline assessment on the time to develop dementia, but there was no effect of AAO independent of age itself. Consistent with these results, there was no increased relative effect of age on the time to develop dementia in PD cases compared with controls. Interpretation This study shows that it is the general effect of age, rather than AAO that is associated with incident dementia in subjects with PD. Received in revised form: 22 December 2005  相似文献   

18.
19.
After a hopeful beginning, the social process of the reintegration of those with severe mental illness has come to a standstill. I am led to wonder whether "the community" really wants to live together with people suffering from severe mental illness, and if so, how closely? As long as the medical treatment of mental illness provided by the general practitioners is fundamentally deficient, as they are not able to prescribe the necessary interventions--such as out-patient psychiatric nursing, and service providers in the out-patient sector are content with offering increasingly intensive forms of care for the less seriously ill at the cost of the Social Welfare System--the reintegration of those with serious mental illness remains an illusion--which is mainly to the benefit of providers of residential care in homes and hostels.  相似文献   

20.
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号