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1.
观察腹腔注射细菌内毒素(LPS)后,大鼠延髓内脏带(MVZ)星形胶质细胞胶质原纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)及神经元FOS表达水平随时间变化的规律及其相互关系。大鼠经LPS腹腔注射后1,3,6,12h分别行固定取材制片。每个时间点的切片分为3组,分别进行抗FOS、抗GFAP免疫组织化学染色及抗FOS/GFAP/酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)三重免疫组织化学染色。结果表明:(1)FOS反应在LPS注射后3h达到高峰,阳性产物主要分布于MVZ内。(2)GFAP反应在注射后1h即达到高峰,表现为胶质细胞肥大,数量增多。其分布于FOS基本相同。(3)三重染色观察到GFAP与FOS的多种聚集方式(FOS/GFAP/TH,FOS/GFAP,GFAP/TH),FOS阳性神经元周围GFAP免疫反应产物更密集。提示星形胶质细胞对LPS起反应,其反应高峰的出现先于神经元。  相似文献   

2.
目的探讨延髓内脏带(MVZ)与下丘脑室旁核(PVN)和视上核(SON)之间是否存在往返渗透压投射通路。方法通过给予大鼠饮用3%氯化钠的方法制作高渗刺激模型,并用WGA-HRP逆行追踪、抗Fos、抗酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)或加压素(VP)及胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)免疫组织化学相结合的四重标记方法,观察MVZ、PVN和SON中WGA-HRP、Fos、TH、VP和GFAP阳性分布及表达状况。结果高渗刺激后MVZ、PVN和SON内Fos阳性细胞明显增多;GFAP阳性结构也明显增多,其分布与Fos阳性细胞分布基本一致,表现为胞体肥大、突起粗长。星形胶质细胞(AST)紧密包绕在神经元周围形成神经元-AST复合体(N-ASC)。结论神经元和AST以N-ASC的形式共同参与渗透压调节反应,体内存在MVZ和SON或PVN之间往返的渗透压调节通路。  相似文献   

3.
LPS激发大鼠前脑神经元Fos和小胶质细胞OX42表达改变   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的 探讨单次腹腔注射LPS后前脑神经元和小胶质细胞的可塑性变化和相互关系。方法 应用抗Fos、抗TH或抗OX42单一、以及抗Fos/抗TH/抗OX42三重免疫组化标记方法,观察大鼠单次腹腔注射LPS后,Fos阳性神经元、Fos/TH阳性神经元、OX42阳性小胶质细胞在脑内的表达分布及时程变化,以及Fos阳性神经元或Fos/TH阳性神经元与OX42阳性小胶质细胞之间的关系。结果:Fos阳性神经元分布在额、顶皮质,扣带回和梨状皮质,外侧隔核腹侧部,杏仁中央核,海马CA2区、CA3区、齿状回,下丘脑室旁核、视上核、下丘脑外侧区和第三脑室周围灰质等。Fos阳性神经元在注射后30min出现表达,注射后1~3h为表达高峰。反应阳性小胶质细胞首先于脑室周围灰质出现,注射后6h达到高峰,胞体变大,突起变粗,OX42呈阳性深染,密集分布于Fos阳性神经元的表达区域。下丘脑Fos/TH/OX42三重染色切片显示:由LPS激活的Fos/TH阳性神经元周围被OX42阳性细胞包绕并接触,表明神经元和小胶质细胞在对LPS刺激的反应中关系密切。结论 在外周免疫刺激下,下丘脑、扣带回、梨状皮质和海马内的神经元和小胶质细胞可能参与免疫调节。  相似文献   

4.
红藻氨酸致痫大鼠海马Fos和GFAP的共同表达   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
目的 研究红藻氨酸(kainic acid,KA)诱导大鼠癫痫发作后海马(hippocampus,HI)内神经元和星形胶质细胞的时空效应性反应变化。方法 大鼠侧脑室内注射KA,用抗即刻早期基因Fos蛋白和抗胶质原纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)的双重免疫荧光组织化学方法结合激光共聚焦显微镜技术,显示痫性发作后HI同一部位内反应性神经元与星形胶质细胞的分布。结果 KA诱导大鼠癫痫发作,HI内的Fos阳性神经元和GFAP阳性星形胶质细胞明显增多。两分布范围基本一致,且癫痫诱发30min后GFAP开始增多,1h达高峰;1h后Fos阳性产物开始增多;2h达高峰;部分Fos阳性神经元周围有GFAP免疫反应产物包绕,显示反应性神经元(Fos阳性)与反应性星形胶质细胞(GFAP阳性)之间关系密切。结论 HI内的神经元和星形胶质细胞与癫痫发作直接相关且存在相互关系。可能共同参与癫痫的发生及其调节。  相似文献   

5.
观察脑出血急性期大鼠延髓内脏带 ( MVZ)内星形胶质细胞的反应。以尾壳核局部注射胶原酶制作脑出血模型 ,用抗星形胶质细胞特异性标识物胶质原纤维酸性蛋白 ( GFAP)的免疫细胞化学方法 ,研究脑出血后 MVZ内星形胶质细胞的变化。发现脑出血后 4h GFAP阳性细胞数量增多、胞体增大、突起伸长 ,在MVZ形成明显弧形带状分布 ,尤以 MVZ背内侧区、中间带及腹外侧区明显。提示 MVZ内星形胶质细胞可能参与了脑出血后的病理生理过程。  相似文献   

6.
观察脑出血急性期大鼠延髓内脏带(MVZ)内星形胶质细胞的反应.以尾壳核局部注射胶原酶制作脑出血模型,用抗星形胶质细胞特异性标识物胶质原纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)的免疫细胞化学方法,研究脑出血后MVZ内星形胶质细胞的变化.发现脑出血后4 h GFAP阳性细胞数量增多、胞体增大、突起伸长,在MVZ形成明显弧形带状分布,尤以MVZ背内侧区、中间带及腹外侧区明显.提示MVZ内星形胶质细胞可能参与了脑出血后的病理生理过程.  相似文献   

7.
目的 探讨致(癎)状态下大鼠海马内信号转导与转录激活因子3(STA3)与星形胶质细胞增生的关系.方法 匹罗卡品(PILO)腹腔注射建立大鼠颞叶癫(癎)模型,免疫组织化学方法观察阻滞JAK/STAT通路前后大鼠海马p-STAT3与胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)阳性细胞的表达规律,双重免疫荧光方法观察p-STAT3与GFAP阳性细胞的关系.结果 癫(癎)发作3 h(SE 3 h)时即出现STAT3在海马内被激活,SE 3 d时达高峰,之后渐降低,至SE 30 d时仍维持在较正常时略高的水平上;GFAP阳性细胞数的变化规律与之类似.预先用AG490阻断STAT3通路后,海马区p-STAT3乃及GFAP阳性细胞数均明显减少.双重免疫荧光结果发现p-STAT3阳性胞核位于GFAP阳性细胞胞浆中.结论 匹罗卡品导致的癫(癎)伴有大鼠海马星形胶质细胞内STAT3的激活,STAT3的活化可能促进星形胶质细胞的反应性增生.  相似文献   

8.
目的观察经脑室注射脂多糖(LPS)后大鼠的黑质部小胶质细胞激活及多巴胺(DA)能神经元的变化,探讨脑内炎性反应在黑质DA能神经元慢性变性过程中的作用。方法健康雄性SD大鼠30只,随机分为生理盐水(NS)对照组和LPS组,分别向大鼠右侧脑室注射20μL NS或50μg LPS,40周后用免疫组织化学方法检测大鼠黑质小胶质细胞是否激活、激活的程度(OX-42及OX-6抗体水平),以及酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)阳性神经元的形态和数量。以Fluoro-Jade B(FJB)染色法检测黑质部位神经元变性情况。结果 (1)NS对照组大鼠黑质部位OX-42阳性小胶质细胞呈静息状态,染色浅。LPS组大鼠黑质部OX-42阳性小胶质细胞呈部分激活状态,染色深。两组大鼠黑质部位均未发现OX-6阳性小胶质细胞。(2)NS对照组大鼠黑质部位有大量深染的TH阳性神经元。LPS组大鼠黑质部位TH阳性染色神经元数目(99.11±20.31)比NS对照组(189.52±12.12)减少47.7%(P<0.01)。(3)两组大鼠黑质部位均未见FJB阳性染色神经元。结论经侧脑室单次注射LPS可能造成大鼠黑质部位小胶质细胞长期慢性激活及DA能神经元慢性迟发性功能性损伤。  相似文献   

9.
PD模型中GDNF与星形胶质细胞对黑质DA能神经元的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的探讨星形胶质细胞和胶质细胞源性神经营养因子(glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor,GDNF)在帕金森病(Parkinson's disease,PD)中对多巴胺(dopamine neurons,DA)能神经元损伤的影响。方法成年大鼠右侧前脑侧束注射6羟多巴胺(6-OHDA)制备PD模型。PD模型右侧黑质内注射GDNF,于注射后第6周采用免疫组织化学方法观察星形胶质细胞神经纤维酸性蛋白(glial fibrillary acidic protein,GFAP)以及多巴胺能神经元酪氨酸羟化酶(tyrosine hydroxylasa,TH)的变化。结果模型组、PBS和GDNF组注射侧与非注射侧星形胶质细胞相比,均发现GFAP阳性细胞明显增多,DA能神经元数量明显减少(P<0.05)。GDNF组与模型组相比,发现GFAP阳性细胞明显增多,同时残存的DA能神经元数量有所增加(P<0.05)。结论黑质内注射GDNF可能通过激活的星形胶质细胞保护PD大鼠模型黑质DA能神经元。  相似文献   

10.
目的:研究脂多糖(LPS)诱导黑质多巴胺(DA)能神经元变性与星型胶质细胞活化的关系。方法:黑质内立体定位注射LPS,采用免疫组织化学方法观察不同时间点星型胶质细胞神经纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)的变化,以及DA能神经元酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)的变化。结果:星型胶质细胞在LPS注入黑质6h后表达增加,2周时达到高峰,4周时开始下降,与空白、对照组比均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。TH阳性细胞数在2周时开始下降,4周后达到最低,2、4、6周组与空白、对照组比均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:星型胶质细胞的激活先于DA能神经元变性,在黑质炎症中可能具有重要作用。  相似文献   

11.
Aim of the study: The monitoring of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in clinical setting is important for measuring the efficacy of drugs and their safety and in personalizing drug therapy. We investigated the levels of AED, carbamazepine (CBZ), phenytoin (PHT) and phenobarbital (PHB), to understand their association in saliva compared with those in serum during the therapy. Materials and methods: In this study, we performed a prospective study of 116 persons with epilepsy (PWE; mean age 26.90 ± 11.83 years). Serum and saliva samples were collected at trough levels from the patients, who were under the treatment of CBZ, PHT and PHB either alone or in combination of these drugs for at least three months. The drug levels were assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Results and conclusions: The number of males (n = 88; 75.86%) was higher than females (n = 28; 24.14%) among the recruited patients. The intake of CBZ, PHT and PHB was observed in 49.14%, 68.10% and 38.79% of PWE, respectively. The levels of these AEDs showed a significant correlation (p < 0.05) between serum and saliva. Interestingly, the levels of mono-therapy or bi-therapy showed a significant association (p < 0.05) between serum and saliva, however, there was no significant association in case of poly-therapy. This is the first report in the Indian population on simultaneous estimation of the three commonly used AEDs, such as CBZ, PHT and PHB in serum and saliva implicating their associations, either in mono-therapy or bi-therapy in PWE.  相似文献   

12.
目的探讨脑红蛋白在脑梗死大鼠中的表达和丁苯酞干预在氧化应激损伤中作用。方法将90只雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、治疗组。每组再分为3个亚组:1 d组、3 d组和7 d组,每亚组10只。模型组和治疗组采用线栓法制作大鼠大脑中动脉闭塞模型(MCAO),假手术组只分离不结扎。治疗组在动物苏醒后以丁苯酞植物油灌胃,假手术组和模型组同法给予等量植物油灌胃。每只大鼠在术后3h和处死前行神经功能评分,应用RT-PCR和免疫组化检测脑组织脑红蛋白(NGB)表达,化学比色法检测超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果 (1)神经功能评分,模型组和治疗组术后3 h评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),各时间点处死前评分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)NGB mRNA和免疫组化表达随时间延长逐渐降低,各时间点模型组较假手术组、治疗组较模型组高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)SOD活性和MDA含量随时间延长逐渐减少。SOD活性假手术组较治疗组、治疗组较模型组高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);MDA含量假手术组较治疗组、治疗组较模型组低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论丁苯酞促进脑缺血大鼠脑红蛋白表达,减少氧化应激损伤。  相似文献   

13.
A preliminary assay was made of the existence of time-space coherence patterns of fast EEG activity in the visual cortex of a Rhesus monkey. The primary intent of the present study was to evaluate the similarities and differences in relation to the olfactory bulb, where such coherences ave been described and have been demonstrated to be associated with behavior. Segments 1.5 s in duration were recorded simultaneously without averaging from 16 of 35 subdural electrodes fixed over the left occipital lobe in an array3.6cm× 2.8cm. Each segment was taken during the delivery of a visual conditioned stimulus (CS) and the performance of a conditioned response (CR) by a well-trained Rhesus monkey. The EEGs appeared chaotic with irregular bursts lasting 75–200 ms, resembling those in the olfactory EEG but with lower peak frequencies. Fourier spectra showed broad distributions of power resembling ‘ 1/fnoise’ with multiple peaks in the range of 20–40 Hz. Time intervals were selected where coherent activity seemed to be present at a number of electrodes. A dominant component waveform that was common to all channels was extracted by principal components analysis (PCA) of each segment. The distribution of the power of this component across the electrodes (the factor loadings) was used to describe the spatial pattern of the coherent cortical activity. Statistical analyses suggested that different patterns could be associated to the CS and the CR, as has been found in the olfactory system. These patterns remained stable over a 6 week recording interval. The patterns can be better discriminated, when the factor loadings of each channel are normalized to zero mean and unit variance, to discard a basic pattern of power distribution, which may reflect anatomical and electrode positioning factors that are related to behavioral information processing by the cortex. The wide spatial distribution of the common patterns found suggests that EEG patterns that manifest differing states of the visual cortex may also be accessible with scalp electrodes.  相似文献   

14.
Numerous studies have implicated a connection between schizophrenia and autoimmune disorders. However, the precise relationship and underlying mechanism are still obscure. To further identify the association between autoimmune disorders and schizophrenia, the mRNA expressions of various cytokines and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in monocytes are examined by using RT-PCR. Additionally, ELISA and zymography were performed to determine the anti-cardiolipin antibody (aCL) and MMP9 activity in serum form schizophrenic patients. Notably, significantly increased interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 mRNA were observed in schizophrenic patients, whereas significant reductions of TLR-3 and TLR-5 mRNA were detected. Moreover, significantly increased levels of aCL antibody and a higher frequency of positive-MMP9 activity were detected in serum from patients with schizophrenia. Meanwhile, no significant association was found between each of the medications and aCL activity. These findings demonstrated autoimmune-related phenomena in schizophrenic patients and further suggested a connection between schizophrenia and autoimmune disorders.  相似文献   

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This study aimed at comparing both peripheral and central mechanisms of muscle fatigue between Charcot–Marie–Tooth 1A patients and healthy individuals during a fatiguing voluntary task by simultaneous electromyographic and electroencephalographic recordings. Six Charcot–Marie–Tooth 1A patients (3 females, 40 ± 11 years) and 6-matched healthy individuals performed four blocks of sub-maximal isometric knee extensions. At the beginning of the session and after each block, electrically-evoked maximal single-twitch, maximal voluntary contraction and surface-electromyography of the vastus lateralis muscle were measured. The movement-related-cortical potentials were averaged in early (block 1–2) and late (block 3–4) stages of fatigue. The effect of fatigue was demonstrated at peripheral level by the decline of maximal voluntary contraction, maximal twitch and surface electromyography amplitude and at central level by the larger amplitude of movement-related-cortical-potentials during late than early stage of fatiguing sub-maximal contractions. Charcot–Marie–Tooth 1A patients showed lower motor cortex activity during motor planning, with earlier onset and larger prefrontal cortex activity during the late stage of the fatiguing task than healthy controls. These data demonstrate the key role of the prefrontal cortex in the development of fatigue in Charcot–Marie–Tooth 1A patients, which may be activated as a compensatory mechanism for the low motor cortex activation, thus reflecting high awareness of movement complexity.  相似文献   

18.
Abstract. There is great evidence in recent years that oxygen free radicals play an important role in the pathophysiology of many neuropsychiatric disorders. The present study was performed to assess the changes in red blood cells thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) levels, and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), adenosine deaminase (ADA) and xanthine oxidase (XO) activities in patients with autism (n = 27) compared to age- and sex-matched normal controls (n = 26). In the autistic group, increased TBARS levels (p < 0.001) and XO (p < 0.001) and SOD (p < 0.001) activity, decreased CAT (p < 0.001) activity and unchanged ADA activity were detected. It is proposed that antioxidant status may be changed in autism and this new situation may induce lipid peroxidation. These findings indicated a possible role of increased oxidative stress and altered enzymatic antioxidants, both of which may be relevant to the pathophysiology of autism.  相似文献   

19.
目的:观察下丘脑外侧区(lateral hypothalamic area,LHA)对胃缺血-再灌注损伤(gastric ischemia-reperfusion injury,GI-RI)的影响,并对LHA的调控通路进行了初步分析。方法:采用夹闭大鼠腹腔动脉30min,松开动脉夹血流复灌60min的GI-RI模型,用电和化学刺激,电损毁和核团微量注射等方法。结果:(1)电或化学刺激LHA均显著加重GI-RI;(2)背侧迷走复合体(dorsal vagal complex,DVC)内微量注射五肽胃泌素后,对GI-RI的效应与电刺激一致;(3)电解损毁双侧DVC或DVC内微量注射胃泌素受体阻断剂丙谷胺均可取消电刺激LHA加重GI-RI的作用。(4)切断膈下迷走神经后电刺激LHA,GI-RI则减轻。结论:LHA具有加重大鼠GI-RI的作用;LHA的这种作用可能是因电或化学刺激后,激活了其中的胃泌素能神经元,经其下行投射纤维释放胃泌素作用于DVC神经元上的胃泌素受体,并通过迷走神经介导,从而影响GI-RI。  相似文献   

20.
Summary Twenty subjects (10 patients with a major depressive episode and 10 individually matched healthy controls) received 100 g synthetic human corticotropin-releasing hormone (hCRH) as an i.v. bolus dose. Healthy subjects and depressed patients exhibited a significant increase of plasma somatostatin (SRIH) concentrations with no difference between both comparison groups. Compared to controls, depressed patients showed a significant attenuation of corticotropin (ACTH) responses, while cortisol secretion in response to hCRH was normal. No correlations were found among basal plasma concentrations of SRIH, ACTH or cortisol and SRIH, ACTH or cortisol responses following hCRH. These findings are compatible with the hypothesis that hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) hyperactivity in the depressive state may primarily be due to central hypersecretion of CRH and support the view of a hCRH-induced SRIH secretion which is not related to HPA dysfunction associated with major depression.  相似文献   

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