首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
目的比较利培酮与氟哌啶醇治疗双相躁狂的疗效和安全性。方法82例双相躁狂患者随机分配至利培酮组和氟哌啶醇组,在治疗前、治疗第1周末、第2周末、第4周末分别进行Bech-Rafaelsen躁狂量表(BRMS)、不良反应症状量表(TESS)、锥体外系副反应量表(RSESE)评定。结果利培酮组患者有效率为82.5%,氟哌啶醇组为80.9%;与药物有关的不良事件发生率:利培酮组为57.5%,氟哌啶醇组为66.7%;两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。利培酮组锥体外系反应的发生率(40%)明显低于氟哌啶醇组(57%),差异有统计学意义(P=0.039)。结论利培酮单药治疗双相躁狂的疗效与氟哌啶醇相当,且锥体外系不良反应少于氟哌啶醇。  相似文献   

2.
目的评价阿立哌唑和氯丙嗪治疗双相Ⅰ型障碍躁狂发作的疗效及安全性。方法采用随机双盲对照研究方法,对86例双相Ⅰ型障碍躁狂发作患者分别进行阿立哌唑(阿立哌唑组)和氯丙嗪(氯丙嗪组)治疗,其中阿立哌唑组43例,平均剂量(18.04±3.52)mg/d;氯丙嗪组43例,平均剂量(369.81±82.43)mg/d;观察疗程均为4周。以Young躁狂评定量表作为主要疗效评价指标。结果阿立哌唑组患者的有效率为84%,氯丙嗪组的有效率为78%。PP人群统计学分析,阿立哌唑治疗急性躁狂的疗效不劣于氯丙嗪。阿立哌唑组的锥体外系不良反应的发生率(19%)明显低于氯丙嗪组(37%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论阿立哌唑治疗双相Ⅰ型障碍躁狂发作的疗效与氯丙嗪相当,锥体外系等不良反应少于氯丙嗪。  相似文献   

3.
目的:评价氟哌啶醇癸酸酯在维持治疗双相Ⅰ型障碍中的作用。方法:将96例康复期双相Ⅰ型障碍患者随机分为两组,研究组用氟哌啶醇癸酸酯合并少量碳酸锂治疗,对照组单用碳酸锂治疗。共观察24个月,入组时和治疗6个月、12个月、18个月和24个月进行Bech—Rafaelsen躁狂量表(BRMS)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评定,观察两组复发情况,采用社会功能缺陷筛查量表(SDSS)评定社会功能,治疗中出现的症状量表(TESS)评定药物不良反应。结果:研究组服药依从率84.3%,平均用药时间(502.8±108.1)d,有效率80.4%,复发率19.6%;对照组服药依从率60.0%,平均用药时间(423.7±121.5)d,有效率53.3%,复发率46.7%,研究组复发率显著低于对照组(P〈0.01),服药依从率好于对照组(P〈0.05),平均用药时间长于对照组(P〈0.05)。研究组SDSS社会功能恢复优于对照组。两组TESS评分差异无显著性(P〉0.05)。结论:氟哌啶醇癸酸酯维持治疗双相Ⅰ型障碍疗效显著,不良反应小,可有效改善患者的社会功能。  相似文献   

4.
氯硝西泮治疗急性躁狂发作的辅助作用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的:研究氯硝西泮与碳酸锂合用治疗急性躁狂发作的疗效及不良反应。方法:对72例急性躁狂发作患者随机分为氯硝西泮合并碳酸锂组和氟哌啶醇合并碳酸锂组治疗,在治疗前及治疗第1、2、3、4周末分别用Bech-Rafaelsen躁狂量表(BRMS),副反应量表(TESS)评定疗效和不良反应。结果:氯硝西泮组与氟哌啶醇组疗效相仿。氟哌啶醇组锥体外系反应发生率高于氯硝西泮组。结论:氯硝西泮合并碳酸锂可有效治疗急性躁狂的兴奋患者,疗效与氟哌啶醇相仿,安全性优于氟哌啶醇。  相似文献   

5.
奎硫平在双相障碍及躁狂发作治疗中应用较多,为进一步了解其疗效及安全性,将其与氟哌啶醇分别合用碳酸锂治疗躁狂发作进行对照研究,报告如下。  相似文献   

6.
喹硫平治疗心境障碍的作用机制   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
双相情感障碍,简称双相障碍(BPD),是针对单相情感障碍(重性抑郁)而言。DSM—Ⅳ和ICD-10将二者并列为两种主要心境障碍。顾名思义,双相兼有心境变高和变低两极性特点,是心境在正常,高涨(躁狂),低落(抑郁)之间往返摆动。DSM—Ⅳ将双相障碍又分为若干个亚型,这在诊断上是一个重要变更,突出表现在分出了双相Ⅰ型和双相Ⅱ型,基本区别是前者一般以躁狂发作严重;后者以抑郁发作严重,躁狂发作较轻,且家族史中阳性率高,发作次数多,对治疗反应差。流行病学资料显示,双相Ⅰ型发病率为0.5%~2.4%,双相Ⅱ型发病率为0.2%-5.0%。双相障碍是精神科常见病,多发病,具有较高同病率(焦虑障碍,酒依赖,药物依赖)与较高死亡率(特别是在抑郁相或者混合状态)特点。目前有关躁狂症状的治疗已有很大进展;而抑郁症状则被认为治疗困难,传统抗抑郁药物或心境稳定剂疗效均不佳。美国最近一项研究发现,喹硫平除对躁狂症状(单药或喹硫平+锂盐/双丙戊酸钠)或精神分裂症疗效明确外,还能控制抑郁症状,从而提高患者生活质量。因此,喹硫平是目前唯一被FDA批准单药既可用于治疗双相躁狂急性发作,  相似文献   

7.
目的观察奥氮平与利培酮口服液治疗精神分裂症急性期兴奋激越的临床疗效及不良反应。方法将170例精神分裂症急性中度兴奋患者,随机分入奥氮平组56例,利培酮口服液组54例,氟哌啶醇组60例,共治疗7天;治疗前及治疗1周末评估阳性与阴性症状量表兴奋因子(PANSS-EC),采用TESS评定不良反应。结果奥氮平组、利培酮口服液组与氟哌啶醇组比较,均获得明显改善,差异均无显著性(P均〉0.05),氟哌啶醇组锥体外系反应发生率高于奥氮平组与利培酮口服液组(P〈0.01),且奥氮平组几乎无锥体外系反应发生。结论奥氮平与利培酮口服液治疗精神分裂症急性中度兴奋患者与氟哌啶醇的疗效相当,且不良反应较小,安全性良好。  相似文献   

8.
目的评价国产齐拉西酮注射液治疗急性躁狂发作患者的急性激越症状的疗效和安全性。方法64例伴有激越行为的急性躁狂患者随机分成两组,齐拉西酮组和氟哌啶醇组各32例,入组后即给予齐拉西酮注射液10~20mg或氟哌啶醇注射液5~10mg肌内注射,4~6h可重复使用。齐拉西酮每日总量不超过40mg,氟哌啶醇每日总量不超过30mg,每日注射均不超过3次,疗程均为1周。于治疗前、治疗后24h、48h、72h及1周末采用PANSS的兴奋因子量表评定疗效,用不良反应症状量表(TESS)评定安全性。结果两组对兴奋激越症状均能快速起效,疗效相当,各时点两组间比较无显著性差异,两组不良反应的发生率差异无统计学意义,氟哌啶醇组锥体外系不良反应的比例明显高于齐拉西酮组,两组的差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。结论国产齐拉西酮注射液治疗急性躁狂发作患者的急性激越症状有明显疗效,不良反应少。  相似文献   

9.
目的:比较奥氮平与碳酸锂治疗双相Ⅰ型障碍急性躁狂发作的疗效及安全性。方法:57例符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-Ⅳ)双相Ⅰ型障碍急性躁狂发作患者随机分为奥氮平组与碳酸锂组。治疗6周。以Bech-Rafaelsen躁狂量表(BRMS)、大体评定量表(GAS)、临床疗效总评量表(CGI)评估疗效,治疗中出现的症状量表(TESS)评定不良反应。结果:奥氮平与碳酸锂疗效相当(P〉0.05),各有其不良反应。治疗前后TESS量表分,两组间差异无显著性(P〉0.05)。结论:奥氮平治疗双相Ⅰ型障碍急性躁狂发作,疗效和不良反应与碳酸锂无明显差异。  相似文献   

10.
目的 比较利培酮口服液合用氯硝西泮与氟哌啶醇针剂肌内注射(以下简称肌注)对精神分裂症急性激越症状的疗效和安全性,以及由氟哌啶醇肌注换利培酮口服(以下简称换药组)对急性期疗效的影响.方法 205例伴有急性激越症状的精神分裂症患者按随机数字表方法分为利培酮口服液组(104例)和氟哌啶醇肌注组(101例).研究分为急性激越症状疗效评价(治疗前5 d)和换药后急性期疗效评估(治疗6周)2个阶段.以阳性和阴性症状量表兴奋因子(PANSS-EC)及阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)总分作为主要疗效评价指标.安全性评估采用锥体外系副反应量表(Simpson-Angus Rating Scale,SAS)和静坐不能评定量表(Barnes Akathisia Scale,BAS)评定锥体外系症状、记录不良事件和实验室检查.结果 治疗前5 d利培酮口服液组和氟哌啶醇肌注组的急性激越症状都有明显改善(P<0.01),2组间疗效差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);利培酮口服液组合作程度好于氟哌啶醇肌注组(P<0.05),锥体外系不良反应低于氟哌啶醇肌注组(P<0.05).由氟哌啶醇肌注换利培酮口服后,治疗6周末口服组和换药组疗效及总体不良事件发生率比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05),但锥体外系不良反应换药组高于口服组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 利培酮口服液合用氯硝西泮口服治疗精神分裂症急性激越症状与氟哌啶醇肌注疗效相当,但利培酮口服液合作程度好,锥体外系不良反应发生率低.由氟哌啶醇肌注换利培酮口服对急性期疗效无明显影响.  相似文献   

11.
Background Dementia occurs in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Late onset of PD has been reported to be associated with a higher risk for dementia. However, age at onset (AAO) and age at baseline assessment are often correlated. The aim of this study was to explore whether AAO of PD symptoms is a risk factor for dementia independent of the general effect of age. Methods Two community-based studies of PD in New York (n = 281) and Rogaland county, Norway (n = 227) and two population-based groups of healthy elderly from New York (n = 180) and Odense, Denmark (n = 2414) were followed prospectively for 3–4 years and assessed for dementia according to DSM-IIIR. All PD and control cases underwent neurological examination and were followed with neurological and neuropsychological assessments. We used Cox proportional hazards regression based on three different time scales to explore the effect of AAO of PD on risk of dementia, adjusting for age at baseline and other demographic and clinical variables. Findings In both PD groups and in the pooled analyses, there was a significant effect of age at baseline assessment on the time to develop dementia, but there was no effect of AAO independent of age itself. Consistent with these results, there was no increased relative effect of age on the time to develop dementia in PD cases compared with controls. Interpretation This study shows that it is the general effect of age, rather than AAO that is associated with incident dementia in subjects with PD. Received in revised form: 22 December 2005  相似文献   

12.
BONDY, S. C., M. E. HARRINGTON AND C. L. ANDERSON. Effects of prevention of afferentation on the developmentof the chick optic lobe. BRAIN RES. BULL. 3(5) 411–413, 1978.—The effects of unilateral extirpation of the right optic cup of the three-day incubated chick embryo upon the rate of synthesis and the stability of DNA in the non-innervated optic lobe, have been studied. This surgical procedure prevents innervation of the optic lobe contralateral to the removed eye, while the other optic lobe is normally innervated by retinal ganglion cells of the remaining eye. At the 20th day of incubation, the DNA content of the non-innervated lobe was below that of the paired lobe receiving normal innervation. This deficiency of cell number was caused by two events; death of an excess number of neurons formed early in embryogenesis and a reduced rate of glial proliferation in the later stages of incubation.  相似文献   

13.
2018年,国家卫生健康委员会等10部委联合发布《关于印发全国社会心理服务体系建设试点工作方案的通知》,四川省绵阳市被列为全国第一批试点地区。绵阳市人民政府依据《中华人民共和国精神卫生法》等相关法律法规和文件精神,结合前期调查研究和社会心理服务工作的试点实际,编制出台了《绵阳市社会心理服务工作管理办法》,并于2021年12月25日起施行。本文围绕社会心理服务的相关概念、办法总则、重点内容、保障措施等方面进行解读,以期为社会心理服务工作的规范、持续和有效开展提供参考。  相似文献   

14.
目的探讨腺垂体功能减退症患者的病因结构变化及临床表现。方法回顾性分析我院2013-01—2016-12住院及门诊78例腺垂体功能减退症患者的临床资料。结果男32例(41.03%),女46例(58.97%);诊断时年龄11~89岁,平均62.5岁;鞍区占位(包括术前及术后)52例(66.67%),席汉综合征8例(10.26%),空泡蝶鞍9例(11.65%),病因不明8例(10.26%),垂体-下丘脑发育不良1例(1.28%)。首次就诊科室:纳差厌食、恶心呕吐就诊于消化内科36例(46.15%)最常见。ACTH+TSH+Gn+G激素缺乏为19例最多,占24.36%,ACTH+TSH+Gn缺乏15例,占19.23%。结论腺垂体功能减退症病因结构发生变化,发病人群、首发症状及受累激素也不同,患者女性多于男性,发病年龄偏高,症状不典型,分布于临床多个科室,其中以低钠血症为首发临床表现就诊消化内科最多。  相似文献   

15.
《Clinical neurophysiology》2020,131(1):243-258
Standardization of Electromyography (EMG) instrumentation is of particular importance to ensure high quality recordings. This consensus report on “Standards of Instrumentation of EMG” is an update and extension of the earlier IFCN Guidelines published in 1999. First, a panel of experts in different fields from different geographical distributions was invited to submit a section on their particular interest and expertise. Then, the merged document was circulated for comments and edits until a consensus emerged.The first sections in this document cover technical aspects such as instrumentation, EMG hardware and software including amplifiers and filters, digital signal analysis and instrumentation settings. Other sections cover the topics such as temporary storage, trigger and delay line, averaging, electrode types, stimulation techniques for optimal and standardised EMG examinations, and the artefacts electromyographers may face and safety rules they should follow. Finally, storage of data and databases, report generators and external communication are summarized.  相似文献   

16.
目的分析帕金森病(PD)患者运动症状进展特点。方法采用PD统一评分量表(UPDRS)Ⅲ对912例PD患者进行评估。结果与病程1年的患者比较,除病程1~2年的患者外,其他病程患者的UPDRSⅢ评分、强直分、姿势或步态异常分、轴性症状总分、言语分、步态分显著升高(均P0.05),病程5~6年及14年患者的震颤分,病程5~6年、7~8年、9~13年、14年患者的运动迟缓分、姿势分显著升高(P0.05~0.01)。轴性症状进展速度高于UPDRSⅢ评分。结论 PD患者病程早期UPDRSⅢ评分进展快,震颤症状进展独立于其他症状,轴性症状评分较UPDRSⅢ更敏感地反映疾病加重趋势。  相似文献   

17.
18.
Summary The frequency of accumulation of 6-nm filaments in the adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cells in the 6th lumbar dorsal and ventral roots was evaluated in 4-, 8-, 26- and 45-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats. The frequency was higher in 4- and 8-week-old (growing) rats than in 26- and 45-week old (mature) rats, and also higher in ventral than in dorsal roots in 4-, 8- and 26-week old rats. There were no clusters on certain groups of myelinated fibers according to the size of transverse axonal area, in both the ventral and dorsal roots. Therefore, this accumulation may reflect certain functions of the adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cell during natural growth and maturation of the axon and myelin sheath.  相似文献   

19.
Introduction: An important consideration in treating acute mania is the promptness with which a chosen therapy can bring symptom amelioration. This article reviews the available published data from controlled, blinded studies regarding the latency of responses to antipsychotics in patients with acute mania.

Methods: Articles for this review were obtained from a search of the Medline database (1966–1999), using the following keywords and phrases: antipsychotic, atypical, bipolar disorder, mania, neuroleptic, typical. The bibliographic sections of articles gleaned from this search were used to direct further inquiries.

Results: Although information regarding the onset of action of antipsychotics is limited, we discovered data for four typical and three atypical antipsychotics. Drugs with the fastest onsets include haloperidol, risperidone, and olanzapine, with onsets appearing in 2–6 days. Chlorpromazine and thiothixene were at the slowest end of the continuum, with onsets of 2 weeks or longer. Data regarding pimozide are mixed, with some studies showing an onset equivalent to that of the 'fast' compounds and others showing one similar to that of the 'slow' compounds.

Conclusions: Choice of therapy should consider not only efficacy and safety, but also onset speed. Atypical antipsychotics appear to offer safer, faster, and more effective therapies.  相似文献   

20.
Nearly 400 years ago, Thomas Willis described the arterial ring at the base of the brain (the circle of Willis, CW) and recognized it as a compensatory system in the case of arterial occlusion. This theory is still accepted. We present several arguments that via negativa should discard the compensatory theory. (1) Current theory is anthropocentric; it ignores other species and their analog structures. (2) Arterial pathologies are diseases of old age, appearing after gene propagation. (3) According to the current theory, evolution has foresight. (4) Its commonness among animals indicates that it is probably a convergent evolutionary structure. (5) It was observed that communicating arteries are too small for effective blood flow, and (6) missing or hypoplastic in the majority of the population. We infer that CW, under physiologic conditions, serves as a passive pressure dissipating system; without considerable blood flow, pressure is transferred from the high to low pressure end, the latter being another arterial component of CW. Pressure gradient exists because pulse wave and blood flow arrive into the skull through different cerebral arteries asynchronously, due to arterial tree asymmetry. Therefore, CW and its communicating arteries protect cerebral artery and blood–brain barrier from hemodynamic stress.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号