阿尔茨海默病及血管性痴呆患者血清胆固醇、 Vit B12和叶酸变化的临床研究

目的探讨阿尔茨海默病(AD)和血管性痴呆(VaD)与血清胆固醇、血脂、Vit B12和叶酸的关系.方法对35例AD、35例VaD和16例健康对照组血清胆固醇、血脂、叶酸及Vit B12进行测定,并进行组间对比研究.结果AD组和VaD组血清胆固醇、甘油三酯明显高于对照组(P＜0.05),并且VaD组甘油三酯水平与对照组相比差异更明显(P＜0.01),而AD和VaD之间无显著性差异(P＞0.05),VaD组叶酸水平显著低于AD组和正常对照组(P＜0.05).Vit B12水平各组间相比无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论血清叶酸水平降低可能与VaD发病有关,AD和VaD血清总胆固醇和甘油三酯明显增高,降低胆固醇及血脂可能对AD和VaD预防和治疗有益.     

MTHFR基因C677T位点突变及高同型半胱氨酸血症和血管性痴呆的发生相关性

目的研究血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)浓度及亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶(MTHFR)基因多态性与血管性痴呆(VaD)的关系。方法选取83例VaD患者作为观察组和81例非痴呆脑梗死患者作为对照组,分别测定两组患者的MTHFR基因多态性、Hcy浓度、维生素B12和叶酸水平,根据简易精神状态检查量表(MMSE)评定VaD患者痴呆程度,对指标进行比较和相关性分析。结果 MTHFR基因TT纯合子在观察组VaD患者的分布频率明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者的MTHFR基因C、T等位基因分布频率差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组VaD患者的血浆Hcy浓度明显高于对照组,其血清叶酸与维生素B12浓度明显低于对照组,VaD患者的血浆Hcy水平随着痴呆程度的增加而明显提高,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。VaD患者血浆Hcy水平与自身痴呆程度呈正相关(r=0.452,P0.05),与MMSE评分呈负相关(r=-0.246,P0.05)。结论MTHFR基因C677T突变及高水平Hcy与VaD的发生、发展相关,高Hcy血症是VaD发病的一个重要因素。     

帕金森病合并异动症患者血浆维生素B_(12)水平的相关因素研究

目的观察维生素B_(12)(vitamin B_(12),VitB_(12))、叶酸(folic acid,FA)、同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,Hcy)在帕金森异动症患者血浆中的变化,分析VitB_(12)水平变化的相关因素。方法237例帕金森病患者根据异动症定义分为异动症组(63例)和非异动症组(174例),比较2组血浆VitB_(12)、FA、Hcy水平,将差异有统计学意义的指标选出,异动症组按性别、年龄、起病年龄、病程、左旋多巴使用时间、日多巴总量、H-Y分期分组,并进行组间对比。结果异动症组血浆Hcy、FA水平与非异动症组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。异动症组血浆VitB_(12)水平与非异动症组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。异动症组中不同性别、年龄、起病年龄、病程、使用多巴时间及H-Y分期患者血浆维生素B_(12)水平无明显差异(P0.05),而不同日多巴总量患者血浆VitB_(12)水平差异有统计学意义(P0.05),且日多巴总量越大,血浆VitB_(12)水平越低。结论帕金森病异动症患者血浆VitB_(12)水平明显降低,影响异动症患者血浆VitB_(12)变化的因素为日多巴总量。     

急性脑梗死患者血浆同型半胱氨酸、叶酸、维生素B12水平的测定及其临床意义

目的 探讨血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)在急性脑梗死发病过程中的临床意义以及与病情、伴发症、叶酸、维生素B_(12)之间的关系。方法 采用化学发光法测定急性脑梗死患者血浆Hcy、叶酸、维生素B_(12)水平,并与对照组进行比较。结果急性脑梗死组血浆Hcy水平明显高于对照组(P<0.001),叶酸明显低于对照组(P<0.001);重型患者血浆Hcy水平明显高于中型及轻型患者(P<0.01,0.01),叶酸明显低于中型及轻型患者(P<0.01,0.05);伴发高血压病的患者血浆Hcy水平明显高于非高血压病的患者(P<0.05);急性脑梗死组血浆Hcy与叶酸、维生素B_(12)呈负相关(P<0.01,0.01);对照组血浆Hcy与叶酸呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论高Hcy血症是脑梗死的一个新的重要危险因素;Hcy水平与病情密切相关,与叶酸、维生素B_(12)呈负相关。     

高同型半胱氨酸血症与血管性痴呆相关性研究

目的:探讨血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平与血管性痴呆(VD)的相关性。方法:应用全自动生化分析仪用循环酶法检测37例VD患者的血浆Hcy浓度,并与39例非痴呆脑梗死患者作为同龄对照组血浆Hcy浓度进行比较,同时测定血浆叶酸及VitB12浓度,根据简易精神状态检查量表(MMSE)评分划分VD患者严重程度,分为轻度(20～24分),中度(10～19分),重度(10分以下)。结果:VD组血浆Hcy水平显著高于非痴呆脑梗死组(P<0.05),VD组血浆叶酸水平显著低于非痴呆脑梗死组(P<0.05),两组间VitB12水平无显著性差异(P>0.05),不同程度VD患者血浆Hcy、叶酸水平有显著性差异(p<0.05),VitB12水平无显著性差异(p>0.05)。结论:高同型半胱氨酸血症可能是VD发病的一个新的危险因素。     

血管性痴呆与可能为阿尔茨海默病患者的临床生化区别和诊疗

目的探讨阿尔茨海默病(AD)诊断的生化检测新方法,观察AD与血管性痴呆(VaD)的区别以及AD治疗效果。方法选取AD患者(AD组)50例、VaD患者(VaD组)56例和健康老年人(对照组)30名为研究对象。比较3组血清中磷酸化tau蛋白、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、维生素B12和胆碱酯酶(ChE)水平的差异,应用胆碱类药物对患者进行治疗。结果 3组被检者的血清磷酸化tau蛋白、Hcy、维生素B12和ChE水平,组间比较均差异有统计学意义(P0.05);AD组治疗后,磷酸化tau蛋白、Hcy、维生素B12和ChE水平与治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论通过血清生化检测磷酸化tau蛋白、Hcy、维生素B12和ChE水平可以初步鉴别AD和VaD,根据不同发病机制给予治疗后疗效显著。     

重度痴呆患者和血清维生素B_(12)、叶酸及同型半胱氨酸水平及其相关性研究

<正>本研究检测重度痴呆患者血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、叶酸(FOL)及维生素B12(Vit B12)水平,分析重度痴呆与血清Hcy与B族维生素水平变化的相关性。1对象和方法为2011年4月至2013年4月期间于我院就诊的阿尔茨海默病(AD)和血管性痴呆(Va D)患者,入组者均符合国际疾病分类第10版(ICD-10)重度痴呆诊断标准[1],且简易精神状态检查(MMSE)评分≤5分。AD组:111例,男52例,女59例;平均年龄(78.5±7.4)岁。VaD组:131例,男     

AD患者血清Hcy叶酸及维生素B_(12)与认知功能减退的关系研究

目的研究维生素B_(12)和叶酸水平以及同型半胱氨酸是否对阿尔茨海默症(AD)患者存在潜在影响。方法运用美国国立神经病学、语言障碍和卒中-阿尔茨海默病和相关疾病学会(NINCDS-ADRDA)标准严格筛选AD患者95例。从体检中心选取年龄、性别及受教育程度匹配的无脑血管病、无认知障碍的健康对照组76例。采用化学发光微粒子免疫分析法检测171例年龄≥50岁的老年痴呆患者血清维生素B_(12)和叶酸水平。采用肝素抗凝的血浆进行循环酶法Hcy测定。探讨血清低水平维生素B_(12)和叶酸以及高水平同型半胱氨酸是否是老年痴呆发生的危险因素。认知功能的评价采用目前通用的神经心理测试:中文版简易精神状态检查表(MMSE)。采用Logistic回归分析评估血清维生素B_(12)、叶酸以及同型半胱氨酸与老年痴呆患病风险的关系。结果 171例中153例叶酸正常,其中对照组79例(51.63%),实验组74例(43.27%);124例维生素B_(12)正常,其中对照组60例(48.39%),实验组64例(51.61%);101例同型半胱氨酸正常,其中对照组51例(50.50%),实验组50例(49.50%)。作各协变量调整后,AD患者血清维生素B_(12)及叶酸水平以及同型半胱氨酸与CMMES评分无相关性(P0.05)。但低血清维生素B_(12)水平以及低叶酸水平与AD患病风险相关。结论血清维生素B_(12)和叶酸水平以及同型半胱氨酸水平与AD患者认知功能之间无明显关联。低水平维生素B_(12)以及低水平叶酸可能通过某种机制增加AD患病风险,低水平同型半胱氨酸可能通过某种机制降低AD患病风险。     

阿尔茨海默病与脑白质疏松血浆同型半胱氨酸水平的相关性研究

目的探讨阿尔茨海默病(AD)与缺血性脑白质疏松症(LA)、血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)及叶酸、维生素B_(12)水平的相关性。方法采用简易智能状态量表(mini-mental state examation,MMSE)检查患者的认知功能,根据MMSE评分和AD的诊断标准收集病例,共收集AD患者60例,正常对照组64例。通过头颅MRI检查筛选LA病例,AD伴LA者36例,无LA的AD患者24例;对照组无LA 40例,伴LA的正常对照组24例;用化学免疫发光法测定2组血浆同型半胱氨酸、叶酸、维生素B_(12)水平,同时检测所有受试者的血压、血糖、血脂、体重指数、教育情况等。结果与对照组比较,AD组血浆同型半胱氨酸升高(P0.05),叶酸和维生素B_(12)水平下降(P0.05);通过应用R×C资料的卡方检验得出AD组与对照组脑白质疏松发生率差异有统计学意义(P=0.010);对AD组脑白质疏松和认知障碍程度进行Spearman相关性分析得出,AD组认知障碍程度与脑白质疏松程度呈正相关(r_s=0.430,P=0.010)。结论高Hcy可能参与AD的发病,而LA发生加重了认知功能损伤,适当补充叶酸和维生素B_(12)可有助于改善痴呆患者的临床症状。     

血浆同型半胱氨酸与颅内动脉瘤的关系

目的 探讨血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、血清叶酸、维生素B12水平与颅内动脉瘤的关系.方法 采用化学发光法检测80例颅内动脉瘤患者和60例对照者血浆Hcy、血清叶酸、维生素B12水平,相关危险因索用logistic回归分析.结果 颅内动脉瘤组平均血浆Hcy水平明显高于对照组(P=0.005),两组中血浆Hcy升高分别有38例(48%)和9例(15%)(X2=16.239,P＜0.001);颅内动脉瘤组平均血清叶酸、维生素B12水平明显低于对照组(P=0.01;P=0.005);颅内动脉瘤患者血浆Hcy水平与血清叶酸、维生素B12水平呈负相关(P＜0.05).多因素logistic回归分析显示:血浆Hcy是颅内动脉瘤发病的独立危险因素,比值比(OR)=3.961[P=0.019,95%可信区间(CI):1.255～12.500].结论 高Hcy血症与颅内动脉瘤发病有密切关系,可能是颅内动脉瘤发病的一个独立危险因素;血浆Hcy水平升高可能与血清叶酸、维生素B12水平降低有关.     

急性脑梗死患者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平及其干预治疗探讨

目的 探讨急性脑梗死患者给予维生素B_(12)制剂(甲钴胺)和叶酸(Fa)治疗前后血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、叶酸和维生素B_(12)水平变化及其对预后的影响.方法 检测152例急性脑梗死患者和132例正常人血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、叶酸、维生素B_(12)水平,并对急性脑梗死患者进行神经功能缺损评分(NIHSS);将急性脑梗死组随机分为干预组和非干预组,干预组给予维生素B_(12)制剂(甲钻胺)联合叶酸治疗,治疗4周后复测血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、叶酸和维生素B_(12)水平,并再次进行神经功能缺损评分(NIHSS).结果 急性脑梗死组和正常健康对照组之间血浆Hcy水平、叶酸和维生素B_(12)水平存在明显差异(P<0.01),予以补充叶酸和维生素B_(12)(甲钴胺)治疗后,干预组血浆Hcy水平明显下降,神经功能缺损评分显著升高,与非干预组相比有显著性差异(P<0.05).结论 急性脑梗死患者血浆Hcy水平升高,补充叶酸、维生素B_(12)制剂有助于降低血浆Hcy水平,有利于脑梗死疾病的转归.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the changes of the levels of plasma homocysteine ( Hcy), folate and vitamin B_(12) and the relationship between the changes and the prognosis in patients with acute cerebral infarction who were treated with vitamin B_(12) preparation (methylcobalamin) and folate. Methods The plasma level of Hcy, folate and vitamin B_(12) ( VitB_(12)) of 152 patients with cerebral infarction and 132 healthy people were measured, and the patients with acute cerebral infarction were given a mark with the evaluation of neurological impairments (NIHSS). The patients with acute cerebral infarction were randomly divided into intervention group and non-intervention group. The intervention group was treated with vitamin B_(12) preparations (methylcobalamin) and folate. After 4 weeks, retested the plasma homocysteine (Hcy), folate and vitamin B_(12) levels, and carried out NIHSS score once again. Results In the plasma level of Hcy, folate and vitamin B_(12), there were significant differences between the acute cerebral infarction group and the healthy control group (P < 0.01 ). In intervention group, the plasma homocysteine levels decreased significantly, and the evaluation scores increased significantly after intervention treatment, and there was significant differences between intervention group and non-intervention group (P <0.05). Conclusion The levels of plasma Hcy increased in the patients with acute cerebral infarction. Being added with folate and vitamin B_(12) preparations was well to reduce the levels of plasma Hcy, and it was also conducived to the prognosis of acute cerebral infarction.     

Folate, vitamin B12 and cognitive impairment in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

This study examines the relationship between folate, vitamin B12 and severity of cognitive impairment in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) as compared with other disorders associated with cognitive impairment. The patients were 97 consecutive referrals to an AD clinic. Forty patients had either possible or probable AD, 31 had other dementias (OD) and 26 had mild cognitive impairment (cognitively impaired, not demented; CIND). Patients had blood drawn for serum, red cell folate and B12, as well as other biochemical indicators of nutrition, within 24 h of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). In the AD group, only B12 was significantly correlated with MMSE. Using regression analysis, B12 contributed significantly to variance in MMSE. There was no correlation between MMSE and serum, red cell folate or B12 in the OD or CIND group and no significant correlation between MMSE and other nutritional indices in any group. These findings suggest the possibility of a specific relationship between B12 levels and severity of cognitive impairment in patients with AD.     

血清晚期糖基化终末产物和可溶性晚期糖基化终末产物受体与阿尔茨海默病及血管性痴呆关系的研究

目的探讨血清中晚期糖基化终末产物(AGEs)、可溶性晚期糖基化终末产物受体(sRAGE)的水平与阿尔茨海默病(AD)、血管性痴呆(Va D)的关系。方法收集兰州大学第二医院神经内科2017年2月到2018年1月收治的149例患者,根据MMSE量表及相应的纳入排除标准,将患者进行分组,其中AD组34例,脑梗死后痴呆(Va D)组64例,脑梗死非痴呆(N-Va D)组51例,选择同期在性别、年龄、文化程度上无差异、无严重疾病的住院体检者31例作为正常对照组。比较4组间的一般资料及简易智能精神状态检查量表(MMSE)评分,比较血清AGEs、sRAGE在不同组别之间的差异,并分析其与AD和Va D的关系。结果 AD组和N-Va D组的AGEs水平高于Va D组和正常对照组,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05)。Va D组和正常对照组之间,AD组和N-Va D组之间的AGEs水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05)。ROC曲线分析显示血清AGEs对AD有较低诊断价值。Spearman秩相关法分析显示,年龄(r=-0. 168,P 0. 05)与MMSE评分呈负相关;体重指数(r=0. 151,P 0. 05)与MMSE评分呈正相关。4组在性别、年龄、糖尿病方面不存在显著性差异(P 0. 05)。4组间sRAGE水平比较无显著性差异(P 0. 05)。结论血清AGEs可能与AD的发生、发展有关; AGEs对AD有较低的诊断价值。     

Role of vitamin B12, folate, and thyroid stimulating hormone in dementia: A hospital-based study in north Indian population

Background:

Vitamin B₁₂ and folate represent modifiable risk factors for dementia. They may increase the risk of Alzheimer′s dementia (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) as their deficiency can increase the homocysteine level due to slowed methylation reaction. Homocysteine has a neurotoxic effect that could lead to neurologic disturbances. Hence, it is important to explore the status of serum B₁₂ and folate in AD and VaD to evolve the treatment strategies for the same.

Objectives:

A retrospective study was conducted to assess the levels of vitamin B₁₂, folate, and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in serum and the relationship of these factors, including age and sex to cognitive decline in VaD, AD, and dementia due to other causes (DOC).

Materials and Methods:

Serum vitamin B₁₂, folate, TSH, and total cholesterol were studied in 32 AD patients (mean age: 65 years), 12 VaD patients (mean age: 61 years), 83 DOC (mean age: 65 years), and 127 control subjects (mean age: 49 years). Results: In AD, VaD, and DOC, the levels of vitamin B₁₂ and folate were significantly lower (P < 0.002; 0.026; 0.002 for vitamin B₁₂ and P < 0.000 in all the 3 groups for folate) as compared with the controls. Similarly, TSH levels were significantly lower in AD and DOC (P < 0.008; 0.038) as compared with the controls.

Conclusion:

Vitamin B₁₂ and folate were significantly low in both AD and VaD patients. Hence, B vitamin supplementation should be considered as possible targets for the therapeutic intervention in dementia.     

阿尔茨海默病与血管性痴呆患者血浆同型半胱氨酸与超氧化物歧化酶的比较

目的探讨血浆同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）水平与超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）浓度和阿尔茨海默病（AD）与血管性痴呆（VaD）患者认知功能损害之间的关系。方法将入组病例分成AD组和VaD组，分别测定血浆Hcy、SOD水平并进行比较；采用简易智能状态量表（MMSE）评定认知功能水平。结果AD组Hcy浓度为（16．24±6．62）μmol／L，VaD组为（25．81±11．81）μmol／L，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。AD组SOD浓度为（165．94±35．92）μmol／L，VaD组为（167．76±29．86）μmol／L，两组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。AD组Hcy浓度与SOD水平呈负相关（r=-0．346，P〈0．05），VaD组SOD水平与年龄呈负相关（r=-0．358，P〈0．05），两组患者的MMSE评分与Hcy浓度呈负相关（r=-0．263，P〈0．01）。结论血浆Hcy、SOD水平可能是预测认知功能损害程度的一个重要生化指标。     

Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor and neurotrophin-3 levels in dementia

The aim of this study is to measure serum levels of neurotropic factor (NF) in patients with dementia. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) were determined in Alzheimer's dementia patients without medication (AD; n: 22), Alzheimer's dementia patients receiving cholinesterase inhibitor (CEI) treatment (AD?+?CEI; n: 32) and vascular dementia patients receiving CEI treatment (VaD?+?CEI; n: 27) and the age-matched control group (n: 20). NGF levels were detected to be significantly higher in the control group than in AD group (P?相似文献   

The Pocket Smell Test: successfully discriminating probable Alzheimer's dementia from vascular dementia and major depression

The present study extended previous work on olfactory dysfunction (odor identification deficits) by using the Pocket Smell Test (PST) to discriminate between groups of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), and major depression (MD). Sixty patients meeting the DSM-IV criteria for either AD, VaD, or MD (20 per group) underwent assessment with the PST, a three-item screening measure of odor identification, and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Patients with AD scored significantly lower than patients with either VaD or MD on the PST, even after controlling for MMSE scores. A PST score of > or =1 (i.e., 1 or 0 correct) discriminated between patients with and without AD with a classification accuracy of 95% (sensitivity 100%, specificity 92.5%). Olfactory assessment may be of diagnostic utility in the differential diagnosis of AD versus VaD versus MD in elderly patients.     

外周血内皮祖细胞数目和阿尔茨海默病关系研究

目的 研究AD患者外周血内皮祖细胞(EPCs)数目及脑血流速度、血小板计数等临床资料与认知功能的关系.方法 选择自2008年至2009年于天津医科大学总医院老年神经科就诊的患者78例,按照疾病种类分成3组:AD组(23例),血管性痴呆(VaD)组(25例),认知功能正常组(30例).采集患者一般临床资料,TCD检查评价大脑中动脉血流速度,颈动脉彩色TCD检查颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT),流式细胞仪检测外周血EPCs数目,简易精神状态量表(MMSE)评分测定认知功能.结果 3组患者间性别、年龄、体重指数、血压、血脂、血小板计数、IMT差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).AD、VaD组患者外周血中EPCs数目、MMSE评分、脑血流速度均较认知功能正常组明显减少,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).排除常见危险因素的影响后,外周血EPCs数目与MMSE评分呈正相关(r=0.541,P=0.000).多元线性回归分析提示,AD组患者MMSE评分、体重指数,舒张压、血小板计数与外周血EPCs数目有关(P＜0.05).结论 AD患者外周血EPCs数目明显减少,其导致的脑血管修复能力下降、脑灌注不良可能与AD患者的认知功能障碍有关.

Abstract：

Objective To study such clinical characteristics as number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), cerebral blood flow velocity (CAFV) and platelet count in patients with Alzheimer' s disease (AD). Methods A total of 78 patients were recruited from the outpatient and inpatient departments of our hospital. Patients with AD (n=23), patients with vascular dementia (VaD,n=25) and healthy elderly controls with normal cognition (n=30) were enrolled after matching for clinical data, carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). The CAFV was examined with transcranial Doppler (TCD). Peripheral blood EPCs were counted by flow cytometry.Results No statistical significant differences were noted between patients with AD and VaD, and controls on gender, age, body mass index, blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglycerides, platelet and IMT (P＞0.05). Compared with those in control group, the number of circulating EPCs and scores of MMSE and CAFV in patients with AD and VaD were significantly decreased (P＜0.05). After the adjustment of traditional risk factors, thc number of circulating EPCs had a positive correlation with the scores of MMSE (r=0.541, P=0.000). Liner regression analyses showed that body mass index, diastolic pressure,platelet and scores of MMSE were positively correlated to the circulating EPCs number in patients with AD (P＜0.05). Conclusion The reduction of number of circulating EPCs, decreasing the repair capability of cerebrovasculars and inducing poor cerebral perfusion, plays important roles in the cognitive dysfunction of patients with AD.     

不同严重程度血管性痴呆与老年性痴呆的神经心理特点

目的 探讨不同严重程度的血管性痴呆（vascular dementia,VaD）与老年性痴呆（Alzheimer disease,AD）
的神经心理学特点。
方法 对广东省人民医院神经科门诊及病房的252例痴呆患者（VaD组127例,AD组125例）,和正常对
照组159例进行一组神经心理量表检查。神经心理量表包括：简易精神状态检查（mini-mental state
examination,MMSE）、Fuld物体记忆测验（fuld object memory,FOM）、言语流畅性测验（rapid verbal
retrieve,RVR）、数字广度测验（digit span,DS）和积木测验（block design,BD）。分析这两种类型不同
严重程度的痴呆患者认知障碍的特点。
结果 两种类型的轻、中、重度痴呆患者神经心理检查有统计学差异（P <0.01）。轻度痴呆患者MMSE、
RVR评分在VaD、AD组间存在统计学差异（P <0.05）,在中、重度痴呆患者,神经心理评分在VaD、AD组
间无统计学差异（P >0.05）。
结论 神经心理量表评估有助于VaD、AD的严重程度分级,RVR测验可辅助鉴别诊断轻度VaD和AD。