首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
精神发育迟滞性被害案例对照分析谢斌,郑瞻培1984~1992年期间,我中心共鉴定精神发育迟滞(MR)性被害人103例,与同期鉴定的无精神病(或曾有已缓解)、智能正常(或临界)的性被害人24例作对照分析。MR轻度者27例,中度45例,重度29例和极重度...  相似文献   

2.
52例精神发育迟滞的司法精神病鉴定分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为了解司法精神病鉴定中精神发育迟滞 (men talretardation ,MR)患者的情况 ,将我科近十年 2 2 5例司法精神病鉴定中诊断为MR的 5 2例案例资料进行总结分析。报道于下。1 鉴定资料1 1 一般资料  5 2例MR均符合CCMD - 2 -R诊断标准 ,其中边缘智力 6例 ,轻度MR13例 ,中度MR2 0例 ,重度MR13例 ;智商 18~ 70 ,平均 (5 2 4 5± 18 33) ;男 16例 ,女 36例 ,年龄 14~ 5 0岁 ,平均(2 3 4 8± 9 5 5 )岁 ;工人 5例 ,农民 33例 ,学生 8例 ,无业 6例 ;职高文化 1例 ,初中 5例 ,小学 2 7例 ,文盲 19例 ;已婚 17…  相似文献   

3.
精神发育迟滞患者的染色体脆性位点检测   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本研究对1088名非特异型精神发育迟滞(MR)患者作染色体脆性位点检测,为MR遗传咨询、评估再发风险率提供信息。1对象与方法对1988~1997年,在我院门诊,符合CCMD-2-R精神发育迟滞诊断标准的患儿1500例,其中男867例,女633例。年龄...  相似文献   

4.
为探求治疗精神发育迟滞的有效方法,作者以右脑科学研究的新成果为理论依据,以医都来手段,利用正常儿童开发右脑增智的成功经验,采用11项右脑训练方法和左侧生物电刺激,对33例MR儿童实施持续2年的右脑开发,并选35例同等条件的MR儿童做对照。  相似文献   

5.
24例精神发育迟滞司法精神医学鉴定重庆市第一精神病医院(630036)朱兴义乐晓坡本文从我院近年来在司法精神病学鉴定的168例案例中,筛选出符合CCMD—2和DSM—Ⅲ—R诊断标准的精神发育迟滞24例,占24/168例的14.28%,其中性被害12例...  相似文献   

6.
社区老人认知功能的动态变化及其临床意义   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
目的 分析正常老化与痴呆认知功能衰退的模式及其对痴呆预测和早期诊断价值。方法 对同一批社区老人作5年前瞻性随访。调查工具为MMSE,痴呆的诊断依据DSM-Ⅲ-R。以5年后诊断分为痴呆组与正常组。结果 ①正常组MMSE的5年前后分数在性别、年龄段及教育程度间均有显著性差别;②线性回归分析表明5年前后MMSE分数有高度相关性。③Logistic回归分析得出年龄段、5年前MMSE分数和痴呆发生的OR值分  相似文献   

7.
孤独症患者围产期危险因素的研究   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
目的探讨孤独症与围产期危险因素的关系。方法应用自制围产期调查表对孤独症、精神发育迟滞(MR)和正常对照组各80例进行研究。结果与正常对照组相比,孤独症组有明显高的围产期危险因素出现率,其中尤以病毒性感染(χ2=16.68,P<0.01,OR=3.497)、难产或胎位异常(χ2=14.76,P<0.01,OR=4.676)等更为显著;而MR以较高的母孕年龄(t=2.89,P<0.05)、先兆流产(χ2=7.74,P<0.05)居多。结论孤独症的发病可能与病毒感染学说有某些联系  相似文献   

8.
为进一步鉴别儿童孤独症与精神发育迟滞 (MR) ,我们对孤独症及MR的临床资料进行对比分析。对象和方法 对象为 1996年 1月至 2 0 0 0年 10月在本所住院的患儿。孤独症组 :2 2例 ,其中男 17例 ,女 5例 ;年龄4~ 10岁 ,平均 (6 14± 0 87)岁 ;病程 1 2~ 7 5年 ,平均(3 70± 0 86 )年。MR组 :4 8例 ,其中男 34例 ,女 14例 ;年龄2~ 10岁 ,平均 (7 2 9± 0 98)岁 ;病程 2 3~ 10年 ,平均(5 98± 0 77)年。两组的性别差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。经主任医师确诊后 ,对两组的临床表现、出生及既往情况、生长发育情况、父母情况、辅…  相似文献   

9.
对28例脑梗塞进行MRA检查,结果显示:大面积脑梗塞以脑动脉闭塞为主,腔隙性脑梗塞以脑动脉狭窄、变细或粗细不均为主。表明MRA可用来了解腔隙性脑梗塞的脑内动脉粥样硬化程度及大面积脑梗塞闭塞的血管。与DSA检查对比,MRA可部分替代DSA检查。  相似文献   

10.
MRA和MRI诊断椎动脉狭窄200例的初步探讨   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的初步探讨MRA和MRI对椎动脉狭窄的诊断。方法200例临床诊断为椎动脉供血不足患者,50例行颈部MRA,70例行头部MRI,80例同时做了头部MRI和颈部MRA检查。结果椎动脉狭窄98例,阳性率49%;以右侧多见,共63例(64.3%)。结论MRA可直接显示椎动脉形态及狭窄部位;头部MRI同样可诊断椎动脉狭窄  相似文献   

11.
目的分析阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)患者血清性激素水平的改变,探讨性激素与AD发生的相关性,以及与AD患者的简易智能状态检查(MMSE)分值、病程关系的研究。方法采用1:1病例配对方法,对AD组与对照组进行MMSE检查,并用放射免疫法测定血清性激素水平。结果AD组雌二醇(E2)明显低于对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.05),女性AD组E2明显低于对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.05),男性AD组睾酮(T)明显低于对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。AD组E2水平、男性AD组T水平与MMSE分值无明显相关性(P>0.05)。AD组E2水平与病程呈负相关,P<0.05。结论E2下降可能是AD发生的危险因素之一,特别是女性AD的高危因素。病程越长,E2水平越低。睾酮下降可能是男性AD发生的危险因素之一。  相似文献   

12.
The distribution of handedness is different for men and women. Less pronounced right- or left-handedness in men is well established and often attributed to direct effects of genetic factors. Many studies observing this sex difference assessed handedness via questionnaire. It may therefore be influenced by a sex-specific bias in self-perception. Permanent inadequate self-perceptions are key characteristics of hypochondriasis. The study therefore tested 1017 participants (614 females) on two standard questionnaires to assess handedness and hypochondriasis: the Edinburgh Inventory and the Whiteley Index. Effects of sex, hypochondriac traits and the direction of handedness (left-handers; right-handers) on the degree of handedness (DH; the strength of lateralisation) were tested with multivariate linear regression. In confirmation of previous results, the DH is lower (less pronounced) in right-handed males than right-handed females, but is similar across sexes in left-handers. Regression analyses showed that for right-handers, male sex and higher hypochondriac traits are independent predictors of lower DH. For left-handers, main effects of sex and hypochondriac traits are not significant whereas a significant interaction of these two factors indicates that in left-handed men higher hypochondriac traits are associated with a differentially stronger shift towards lower DH compared to left-handed women. In conclusion, the DH is modulated by sex-specific effects of self-perception for left-handers but not right-handers. The implications of this finding on current theories of the inheritance of handedness are discussed. The assessment of hypochondriac traits might be useful to control response bias in questionnaire-based studies of human handedness.  相似文献   

13.
The role of sex hormones on formalin-induced nociceptive responses   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
Many chronic pain conditions are more frequent in women than in men. This observation suggests that there is a potential role of sex hormones on pain perception. In the present study, we measured nociceptive responses to the formalin test in normal and gonadectomized male and female rats. The nociceptive responses to formalin injection were divided in four phases: acute (phase I), interphase and late phases (phases II and III). Four groups of rats were tested: (a) males (n = 15), (b) females (n = 16), (c) ovariectomized females (OVX) (n = 15) and (d) castrated males (CAST) (n = 15). Females presented significantly more nociceptive responses than males during phase I, interphase and phase II (P < 0.01). They also presented significantly more nociceptive responses than OVX females during the interphase (P < 0.05). CAST males presented significantly more nociceptive responses during the phases I (P < 0.01), II (P < 0.01) and III (P < 0.05) than the male rats. Finally, the responses of CAST males and OVX females were virtually identical, suggesting that the differences recorded between males and females in the formalin test were related to an activational effect of the sex hormones rather than an organizational effect. In conclusion, these results permit the support of the role of sex hormones on the modulation of pain perception. Interestingly, male and female sex hormones seem to act specifically on the different phases of the formalin test, suggesting some specific roles for sex hormones in different pain conditions.  相似文献   

14.
用放免法测定20例服用苯妥英钠(DPH),20例服用卡马西平(CBZ)的男性癫痫患者的血清性激素水平,包括总睾酮(TT)、游离睾酮(FT)和雌二醇(E2),并与10例性功能正常男性和23例未服药的癫痫男性患者对比。结果发现:DPH引起TT和E2升高,CBZ则引起下降。说明两种抗癫痫药对性激素的影响机理不同,因而处理也不完全相同。  相似文献   

15.
Purpose:   Reproductive dysfunction in epilepsy is attributed to the seizures themselves and also to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), which affect steroid production, binding, and metabolism. In turn, neuroactive steroids may influence neuronal excitability. A previous study in this cohort of consecutive women with epilepsy showed that patients with more frequent seizures had higher cortisol and lower dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels than those with rare or absent seizures. The present study was aimed at evaluating, in these same women, the possible relationship between some clinical parameters, seizure frequency, AED therapies, and sex hormone levels.
Methods:   Estradiol (E2), progesterone (Pg), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and free estrogen index (FEI) were measured during the luteal phase in 113 consecutive females, 16–47 years old, with different epilepsy syndromes on enzyme-inducing AED (EIAED) and/or non–enzyme-inducing AED (NEIAED) treatments, and in 30 age-matched healthy women. Hormonal data were correlated with clinical parameters (age, epilepsy syndrome, disease onset, and duration), seizure frequency assessed on the basis of a seizure frequency score (SFS), and AED therapies.
Results:   E2, Pg, and FEI were lower, whereas SHBG levels were higher in the epilepsy patients than in the controls. However, sex steroid and SHBG levels were not different between groups of patients categorized according to SFS. Therapies with EIAEDs accounted for changes in E2 levels and FEI.
Conclusions:   Despite globally decreased sex steroid levels in serum, actual hormone titers were not significantly correlated with SFS in consecutive epilepsy women; rather, these hormonal changes were explained by AED treatments, mainly when EIAED polytherapies were given.  相似文献   

16.
Abstract

Recent sex worker-led activism urges the public to consider that those in the sex industry enter it by choice, circumstance, or coercion, but the federal definition of human trafficking is much more broad. Assuming that all prostitution is involuntary, abolitionists are pushing for increased police intervention, without understanding that those in the sex trades often report a lack of trust in the police because of violence they have experienced. This article presents a secondary analysis of mixed-method data I assisted in collecting with 304 adults trading sex. Many of the researchers on the team had prior experience in the sex trades. This article explores how the stigma around the sex industry is damaging an already at-risk population and how therapeutic services offered to sex workers often fall short of meeting their needs. The false dichotomy presented by implying that someone trading sex is either a criminal or a victim ignores the complexities of real life for those working in an illegal industry. Misconceptions and stigma surrounding sex work lead to increases in violence and subpar access to services. It is vital that therapists interacting with this community gain a better understanding of these intricacies to create environments without judgment.  相似文献   

17.
目的通过测量并分析男、女颅内动脉瘤患者与对照组(非动脉瘤患者)的性激素水平,探讨性激素水平与颅内动脉瘤发生的关系。方法对1992年1月至2008年12月脑血管造影诊断的颅内动脉瘤1768例患者的年龄及性别,分析其发病年龄高峰及性别差异。并对2009年1月~12月因蛛网膜下腔出血来我院患者行脑血管造影检查,确诊动脉瘤的成年患者为研究组,男76例、女97例共173例,检测其空腹静脉血雌二醇(E2)、睾酮(T)、促卵泡成熟素(FSH)、促黄体激素(LH)、孕酮(P)、血清泌乳素(PRL)浓度,对照组为同期住院行DSA检查排除动脉瘤的成年患者177例,并检测其空腹静脉血上述激素浓度。分析研究组与对照组性激素间的关系。结果 1768例患者年龄分布在10~88岁之间,高峰在50~59岁年龄段,占总数的32.41%,40~69岁年龄段占60.46%,40岁以前动脉瘤患者男性多于女性,40岁以后女性多于男性。单发动脉瘤男:女=1:1.28;多发动脉瘤患者约占总数的12.78%,男:女=1:3.71。雌二醇水平在女性研究组和对照组均值分别为51.9±62.37pmol/L和107.58±60.45pmol/L,围绝经期32.80±28.18pmol/L和111.00±60.37pmol/L,绝经后期20.10±19.17pmol/L和41.40±23.12pmol/L,研究组和对照组雌二醇水平差异有统计学意义(p<0.05);月经周期正常98.33±82.81pmol/L和100.20±33.20pmol/L,研究组和对照组雌二醇水平差异无统计学意义(p>0.05)。睾酮水平在男性研究组和对照组均值分别为2.669±1.65nmol/L和4.43±1.93nmol/L,50~59岁2.77±1.97nmol/L和4.78±2.11nmol/L,60岁以上2.09±1.47nmol/L和3.94±2.21nmol/L,研究组和对照组的睾酮水平差异有统计学意义(p<0.05);20~49岁3.52±1.93nmol/L和4.33±1.61nmol/L,研究组和对照组睾酮水平差异无统计学意义(p>0.05)。结论动脉瘤的发病年龄高峰在50~59岁,雌二醇及睾酮随年龄增长下降。随着年龄的增长性激素水平的明显降低并低于正常性激素水平是动脉瘤发生、发展的一个重要因素之一。  相似文献   

18.
Whether one is male or female is one of the most important determinants of human health. While males are more susceptible to cardiovascular and infectious disease, they are outnumbered by women for many autoimmune disorders, fibromyalgia and chronic pain. Recently, individual differences in the physiological response to stress have emerged as a potentially important risk factor for these disorders. This raises the possibility that sex differences in prevalence of disease could at least in part be explained by sex differences in the nature of the physiological response to stress. In a psychophysiological laboratory, the autonomic nervous system response can be provoked by many different stressors including physical, mental and psychosocial tasks, while the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA) response seems to be more specific to a psychosocial challenge incorporating ego involvement. The responses of both systems to different psychosocial challenges have been subject to extensive research, although in respect of sex differences the HPAA response has probably been more systematically studied. In this review, we focus on sex differences in HPAA and autonomic nervous system responses to acute psychosocial stress. Although some differences are dependent on the stressor used, the responses of both systems show marked and consistent differences according to sex, with the phase of the menstrual cycle, menopausal status and pregnancy having marked effects. Between puberty and menopause, adult women usually show lower HPAA and autonomic responses than men of same age. However, the HPAA response is higher in the luteal phase, when for example post stress free cortisol levels approach those of men. After menopause, there is an increase in sympathoadrenal responsiveness, which is attenuated during oral hormone replacement therapy, with most evidence suggesting that HPAA activity shows the same trends. Interestingly, pregnancy is associated with an attenuated response of the sympathoadrenal and HPAA systems at least as assessed by biochemical stimulation. It is likely that these sex differences in autonomic function are a result of estrogen exposure which attenuates sympathoadrenal responsiveness. The HPAA is however somewhat more complex and evidence now suggests the influence of other modifiers such as arginine vasopressin (AVP) and the regulation of circulating cortisol bioavailability by corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG). The pronounced and multi-faceted sex differences in stress responsiveness suggest that they are a product of a strong evolutionary pressure. We hypothesise that this has to a great deal been driven by the need to protect the fetus from the adverse effects of maternal stress responses, in particular excess glucocorticoid exposure. Studying this hypothesis may have a fundamental impact on our understanding about how adult health is set during early life and how adult disease could be prevented in men and women.  相似文献   

19.
This study examined differences in moral judgment between juvenile sex offenders with and without intellectual disabilities. The Sociomoral Reflection Measure-Short Form (SRM-SF) was used to assess moral judgment, and was extended with questions referring to general sexual situations and to the offenders’ abuse victim(s). Juvenile sex offenders with and without ID significantly differed in moral judgment stage regarding general life, sexual and own abuse victim situations. Juvenile sex offenders with ID generally showed stage 2 moral reasoning, which indicated that their justifications for moral decisions were dominated by instrumental and pragmatic reciprocity, whereas juvenile sex offenders without ID used reasons and justifications representing transitional moral stage 2/3 moral judgment, indicating that the maintenance of interpersonal relationships was considered to a certain extent in their justifications for moral decisions. Future research should examine to what extent moral judgment of offenders with ID should be targeted in treatment.  相似文献   

20.
Objectives: Within the literature on sex offending, much attention is paid to the distinction between those sex offenders who offend against adults and those who offend against children. In contrast, there is a paucity of research into sex offenders who offend specifically against elderly or older victims.

Method: A detailed interview and psychometric tests were conducted with a sample of 28 sex offenders who had been convicted of a sexually motivated offence against an older female. These data were compared to a sample of 23 child sex offenders.

Results: Results indicate that amongst other significant differences between these sub-groups, men who offend against older women are generally younger, are more violent, and are more likely to use a weapon and cause injury and death compared to child sex offenders. The men who offended against children were more likely to think about and plan their offending, spend more time with the victim pre and post offence, admit sexual arousal during the offence, and admit to a sexual motivation for the offence.

Conclusions: This study suggests that men who sexually offend against older women and men who sexually offend against children are distinct groups. Treatment and risk management strategies should take this into account. Further exploration of this sub-group of offenders is recommended to help inform treatment and risk management strategies for sex offenders who offend against older people.  相似文献   


设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号