酚噻嗪类药的对血清载脂蛋白,脂蛋白含量的影响

目的 探讨长期（平均６年）接受酚噻嗪类药物治疗的慢性精神分裂患者血清载脂蛋白含一变化及其危险因素。方法 麦法及火箭免疫电泳法对１５１例精神分裂症患者和１００名健康人血清胆固醇（ＴＣ）、甘油三酯（ＴＧ）、高密度脂蛋白－胆固醇（ＨＤＬ－Ｃ０、载脂蛋白ＡⅠ、载脂蛋白Ｂ的水平进行了对比分析。结果 精神分裂症患者ａｐｏＡⅠ，ａｐｏＡＩ／ａｐｏＢ，ＨＤＬ－Ｃ含量均低于正常对照组，ＴＧ、ａｐｏＢ水平却高于正常对     

酚噻嗪类药物对血清载脂蛋白、脂蛋白含量的影响

目的探讨长期（平均６年）接受酚噻嗪类药物治疗的慢性精神分裂症患者血清载脂蛋白含量变化及其危险因素。方法采用酶法及火箭免疫电泳法对１５１例精神分裂症患者和１００名健康人血清胆固醇（ＴＣ）、甘油三酯（ＴＧ）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＨＤＬＣ）、载脂蛋白ＡⅠ（ａｐｏＡⅠ）、载脂蛋白Ｂ（ａｐｏＢ）的水平进行了对比分析。结果精神分裂症患者ａｐｏＡＩ，ａｐｏＡＩ／ａｐｏＢ，ＨＤＬＣ含量均低于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＴＧ、ａｐｏＢ水平却高于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），而ＴＣ浓度与正常对照组之间差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论长期服用酚噻嗪类药物的精神分裂症患者存在载脂蛋白代谢紊乱，在治疗精神分裂症的同时应及早采取相应的预防措施，并定期测定血载脂蛋白等有关指标     

载脂蛋白E与脑动脉硬化症

本文观察７８例脑动脉硬化症患者与对照组４４例，对其血清载脂蛋白Ｅ（ＡＰＯＥ）和高密度脂蛋白（ＨＤＬ－Ｃ）、低密度脂蛋白（ＬＤＬ－Ｃ）、胆固醇（ＴＣ）、甘油三脂（ＴＧ）、载脂蛋白ＡＩ（ＡＰＯＡＩ）、载脂蛋白Ｂ（１００）（ＡＰＯＢ（１００））进行含量测定，并将ＡＰＯＥ与ＨＤＬ－Ｃ、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ、ＴＣ、ＴＧ、ＡＰＯＡＩ、ＡＰＯＢ（１００）逐一进行相关比较，结果发现：脑动脉硬化症病人（ＣＡＳ）血清ＡＰＯＥ、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ、ＴＣ、ＴＧ、ＡＰＯＢ（１００）明显高于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＨＤＬ－Ｃ显著低于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＡＰＯＡＩ无明显变化（Ｐ＞０．０５），且ＡＰＯＥ与ＨＤＬ－Ｃ呈负相关；与ＬＤＬ－Ｃ、ＴＣ、ＴＧ、ＡＰＯＢ（１００）呈正相关；与ＡＰＯＡＩ无直线相关关系。提示ＡＰＯＥ可做为诊断脑动脉硬化症的重要指标。     

用聚合酶链反应技术检测人载脂蛋白B基因多态性

血清中低密度脂蛋白胆固醇及其主要的载脂蛋白——载脂蛋白Ｂ（ａｐｏＢ）的升高可能是动脉硬化性脑梗塞（ＡＣＩ）发生的危险因素之一。为了验证ａｐｏＢ基因突变与ＡＣＩ发生、发展的关系。用聚合酶链（ＰＣＲ）技术检测４０例ＡＣＩ患者和４２例正常汉族人群ａｐｏＢ基因ＸｂａＩ和信号肽插入／缺失（Ｉｎｓ／Ｄｅｌ）多态性。结果表明，正常对照组中ａｐｏＢ基因ＸｂａＩ和Ｉｎｓ／Ｄｅｌ多态性之间存在显著的连锁失衡现象。ＡＣＩ组中ＸｂａＩ和Ｉｎｓ／Ｄｅｌ多态性所组成的单倍型ＩＸ－／ＩＸ－占患者总数的６０％，明显高于正常对照组的３６％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。正常对照组中血清ａｐｏＢ、ＡＣＩ组中血清总胆固醇的水平在ＩＸ－／ＩＸ－单倍型个体均明显低于其他单倍型个体（Ｐ均＜０．０５）。本研究结果提示，ａｐｏＢ基因ＸｂａＩ和Ｉｎｓ／Ｄｅｌ多态性所组成的单倍型可能与ＡＣＩ发病有一定关系。     

载脂蛋白B基因ECORI位点多态性与动脉粥样硬化性脑梗塞患者血脂水平关系的研究

目的研究动脉粥样硬化性脑梗塞（ＡＣＩ）患者载脂蛋白Ｂ（ａｐｏＢ）基因ＥＣＯＲＩ位点的多态性与血脂水平关系。方法应用聚合酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ）－限制性片段长度多态性（ＲＦＬＰｓ）技术,检测８５例ＡＣＩ患者和５６名正常人（ＮＣ）的ａｐｏＢ基因及血脂。结果（１）ＡＣＩ组与ＮＣ组间等位基因频率分布差异无显著意义。（２）ＡＣＩ和ＮＣ组的少见基因型（Ｅ＋Ｅ－或Ｅ－Ｅ－）者血浆甘油三脂（ＴＧ）水平明显高于其Ｅ＋Ｅ＋基因型者（Ｐ＜０．０２）。（３）ＡＣＩ组ＥＣＯＲＩ位点不同基因型个体,总胆固醇（ＴＣ）、ＴＧ水平明显高于ＮＣ组,而ａｐｏＡ水平明显低于ＮＣ组,差异有统计学意义。结论ａｐｏＢ基因ＥＣＯＲＩ位点的ＲＦＬＰｓ对血浆的ＴＧ水平有一定影响。     

缺血性脑卒中患者红细胞膜脂质、微粘度及血清脂质分析

对５３例缺血性脑卒中（ＩＳ）患者红细胞膜胆固醇（膜ＣＨ）、膜磷脂（膜ＰＬ）、膜微粘度（膜）及血清脂质进行测定，并与４１例对照组相比。结果显示：①ＩＳ患者膜ＣＨ、膜ＣＨ与膜ＰＬ比值（膜ＣＨ／膜Ｐｕ及膜显著增高（Ｐ＜０．０１），膜亏与膜ＣＨ及膜ＣＨ／膜ＰＬ呈显著正相关；②ＩＳ组血清胆固醇（ＣＨ）、载脂蛋白Ｂ（ＡＰＯ－Ｂ）均显著增高（Ｐ＜０．０１），高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＨＤＬ－ＣＨ）和载脂蛋白Ａ＿１（ＡＰＯ－Ａ＿１）显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０１），膜ＣＨ和膜与ＡＰＯ－Ｂ呈显著正相关，而与ＨＤＬ－ＣＨ、ＡＰＯＡ＿１呈显著负相关。     

缺血性脑卒中患者红细胞膜脂持,微粘度及血清脂质分析

对５３例缺血性脑卒中患者红细胞膜胆固醇、膜磷脂、膜微粘度及血清脂质进行测定，并与４１例对照组相比。结果显示：（１）ＩＳ患者膜ＣＨ，膜ＣＨ与膜ＰＬ比值及膜η显著增高，膜η与膜ＣＨ及膜ＣＨ／膜ＰＬ呈显著正相关；（２）ＩＳ组血清胆固醇，载脂蛋白Ｂ均显著增高，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和载脂蛋白Ａ１显著降低，膜ＣＨ和膜η与ＡＰＯ－Ｂ呈显著正相关，而与ＨＤＬ－ＣＨ、ＡＰＯ－Ａ１呈显著负相关。     

脑梗死与脑出血患者血脂及脂蛋白含量的对比研究

目的：为了研究血脂与因管疾病的关系。方法：对２００例脑血管病患者血总胆固醇（ＴＣ）、甘油三酯（ＴＧ）、高密度脂蛋白（ＨＤＬ）、低密度脂蛋白（ＬＤＬ）、载脂蛋白－Ａ１（ＡＰＯ－Ａ１）、载脂蛋白（ＡＰＯ－Ｂ）水平进行了检测,并与１００例年龄、性别,匹配的非脑血管对照组患者进行了对比分析。结果：脑梗死组血ＴＣ、ＴＧ、ＬＤＬ、ＡＰＯ－Ｂ含量显著高于脑出血组及非脑血管病对照组,ＡＰＯ－Ａ和ＨＤＬ脑梗死组显著     

载脂蛋白B基因ECORI位点多态性与动脉粥样硬化性脑梗塞患者血 …

目的 研究动脉粥样化性脑梗塞患者载脂蛋白Ｂ基因ＥＣＯＲＩ位点的多态性与血脂水平关系。方法 应用聚合酶链式反应－限制性片段长度多态性技术,检测８５例ＡＣＩ患者和５６名正常人的ａｐｏＢ基因及血脂。结果 （１）ＡＣＩ组与ＮＣ组间等位基因频率分布差异无显著意义。（２）ＡＣＩ和ＮＣ组的少见基因型者血浆甘油三酯水平明显高于其Ｅ＾＋Ｅ＾＋基因型者。（３）ＡＣＩ组ＥＣＯＲＩ位点不同基因型个体,总胆固醇（ＴＣ）,Ｔ     

脑血管病分类亚型与血脂关系的研究

目的：阐明血脂与脑血管病分类亚型的关系。方法：检测了２０８例脑血管病患者血清血脂７项指标含量。并与对照组５０例结果进行比较。ＴＧ、ＴＣ及ＨＤＬ－Ｃ采用酶法测定，ＡＰＯＡ－１、ＡＰＯＢ１００及ＬＰ（ａ）用免疫多点定标法测定，ＬＤＬ－Ｃ由ＴＧ、ＨＤＬ－Ｃ结果按公式计算。结果：脑梗塞（ＣＩ）患者ＴＧ、ＴＣ、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ、ＡＰＯ１００及ＬＰ（ａ）含量显著高于对照组，其ＴＧ、ＡＰＯＢ１００、含量也显著高于脑出血组，且ＬＰ（ａ）与ＡＰＯＢ１００，ＨＤＬ－Ｃ相关，复发ＣＩ亚组ＴＣ、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ、ＡＰＯＢ１００含量，首发及老年ＣＩ亚组ＴＧ、ＴＣ、ＡＰＯＢ１００含量显著高于对照组。结论：血清ＴＧ、ＴＣ、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ、ＡＰＯＢ１００及ＬＰ（ａ）水平升高是ＣＩ的危险因素，其中ＴＣ、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ、ＡＰＯＢ１００对复发ＣＩ危险性大，而首发及老年ＣＩ可能主要与ＴＧ、ＴＣ、ＡＰＯＢ１００有关     

抑郁症患者单胺类神经递质与血脂的相关性

目的：探讨抑郁症患者血浆单胺类神经递质与血脂的关系。方法：检测55例抑郁症患者和21例正常人的血浆去甲肾上腺素(NE)、5—羟色胺(5—HT)、血清总胆固醉(CH0)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白—胆固醇(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白—胆固醇(LDL-C)。结果：抑郁症患者的血浆5—HT浓度和血清CH0浓度显著低于正常对照组，血浆NE浓度显著高于正常对照组；抑郁症患者的血浆5-HT浓度和血清CH0浓度呈显著正相关，血浆NE浓度与血清HDL-C浓度呈显著正相关。结论：抑郁症患者的血脂代谢异常与血浆单胺类神经递质有关。     

The effects on lipid and apolipoprotein serum levels of long-term carbamazepine, valproic acid and phenobarbital therapy in children with epilepsy

The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of long-term carbamazepine (CBZ), valproic acid (VPA) and phenobarbital (PB) treatment on serum lipids and apolipoproteins in epileptic children. Serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) and triglycerides (TGs) were measured and the LDL-C/HDL-C and TC/HDL-C ratios were calculated in 320 children and adolescents (129 receiving CBZ, 127 receiving VPA and 64 receiving PB) suffering from various types of epilepsy. Additionally, in a subgroup of 181 children (68 CBZ; 78 VPA; 35 PB) apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), apolipoprotein B (apoB), HDL2-C and HDL3-C were measured and apoA-I/apoB and HDL2-C/HDL3-C ratios were calculated. Results of the measurements were compared with those of 169 age-and sex-matched healthy controls. None of the variables considered was significantly correlated with time elapsed since start of treatment or with drug concentration in serum. TC and LDL-C serum levels were high in children receiving CBZ or PB and low in those treated with VPA. Serum LDL-C level exceeded 130 mg/dl in 27.9% of CBZ-group, 31.8% of the subjects receiving PB, but only in 7% of those receiving VPA and in 11.8% of control group subjects. CBZ-treated children also showed high HDL-C and HDL3-C values. In the group receiving VPA, HDL2-C, HDL2-C/HDL3-C ratio and apo B were significantly lower than in the control group. Mean apoA-I levels were low in all treated groups: by contrast, in neither group did TGs, VLDL-C levels and TC/HDL-C or LDL-C/HDL-C ratios differ significantly from the corresponding control group. Our results suggest that the effects of long-term AED therapy on lipid profile and, particularly, on apolipoprotein serum levels increase risk of atherosclerosis-related disease. Moreover, these results confirm our previously reported increased risk in CBZ and PB-treated patients.     

Correlation between serum lipid,lipoprotein concentrations and anxious state,depressive state or major depressive disorder

The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between serum lipid, lipoprotein concentrations and anxious state, depressive state or major depressive disorder. A total of 207 patients admitted for general health screening were recruited during a 1-year period. Using the Chinese Health Questionnaire, the Taiwanese Depression Questionnaire and the semi-structured clinical interview for DSM-IV, one psychiatrist screened all participants for the presence of anxiety or depressive disorders. Blood samples for serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations and physical examination records were collected simultaneously. For patients who did not have systemic diseases (n=162), we found that high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and the ratio of total cholesterol (TC)/HDL differed significantly among anxious state, depressive state and normal groups in men after age adjustment. On the other hand, the ratios of TC/HDL and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)/HDL showed significant differences between patients with major depressive disorder and normal controls in women. This study suggested that the level of HDL cholesterol and the ratios of TC/HDL and LDL/HDL (atherogenic index) might be another markers of the possible association between serum lipids and anxiety or depression.     

中青年人脑卒中与血脂关系的研究

目的 探讨血脂与中青年人脑卒中的关系。方法 检测了206例中青年脑卒中患者及80例对照者的甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL－C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL－C）、载脂蛋白A－I（ApoA-I)、载脂蛋白B100（ApoB100)和脂蛋白（a)[Lp(a)]血清含量。结果 脑梗死组TG、TC、LD-L－C、ApoB100及Lp(a)水平显著高于对照组,Lp(a)水平亦高于脑出血组,异常的血脂成分随年龄变化而发生改变;皮层动脉区脑梗死组Lp(a)水平显著高于穿通动脉区脑梗死组;脑出血组血脂指标与对照组比较差异无显著。结论 血脂代谢紊乱是中青年人脑梗死的危险因素。     

焦虑和抑郁障碍共病的血脂水平研究

目的　探讨血脂与焦虑和抑郁障碍共病的关系。方法　采用酶法检测焦虑和抑郁障碍共病 2 5例、30例重性抑郁症、2 0例焦虑症患者和 4 0例正常人的血清总胆固醇 (CHO)、甘油三酯 (TG)、高密度脂蛋白—胆固醇(HDL C)和低密度脂蛋白—胆固醇 (LDL C)。结果　共病组患者的血CHO浓度显著高于抑郁组、焦虑组和正常对照组 ;共病组的血TG浓度显著高于抑郁组和正常对照组 ,与焦虑组无显著性差异 ;共病患者的血HDL C浓度显著低于正常对照组 ,与抑郁组和焦虑组无显著性差异 ;共病组的血LDL C浓度显著高于抑郁组、焦虑组和正常对照组。结论　焦虑和抑郁障碍共病存在更严重的血脂代谢异常     

雄激素对高原地区老年男性脑梗死的影响

目的 探讨高原地区急性脑梗死(acute cerebral ischemic,ACI) 与雄激素（androgen）水平的关系。方法 采用放射免疫法检测高原地区（海拔2260 m以上）男性ACI患者和对照组各60例血清睾酮、雌二醇（E2）、促红细胞生成素（EPO）、肿瘤坏死因子－α（TNF-α）、白介素－1β（IL-1β）和IL-6的水平。比色法检测甘油三脂(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、载脂蛋白-A1(Apo-A1)和载脂蛋白-B(Apo-B)等含量。结果 与对照组相比，高原地区男性ACI患者血清睾酮水平明显下降（P <0.01）,血清E2水平无明显变化；ACI患者TG、LDL和Apo-B的含量增高，TC、HDL和Apo-A1含量无明显变化。病例组TNF-α、1L-1β和1L-6的水平明显高于对照组，EPO水平与对照组相比无统计学意义。相关性分析显示，男性ACI患者睾酮水平下降与TG、LDL、Apo-B、TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6的水平间呈负相关，与E2、TC、HDL、Apo-A1和EPO相关不显著。结论 低睾酮水平与高原男性ACI相关。雄激素水平的降低可能通过影响脂质代谢和参与炎症反应环节促进高原地区老年男性ACI的发生。     

胰岛素抵抗与脑血管病的关系

目的 :探讨胰岛素抵抗与脑梗死、脑出血之间的关系。方法 :选取 34例脑梗死 ,4 4例脑出血病人 ,分别检测血压、血脂、空腹血糖 (FPG)、空腹胰岛素 (FINS)等各项指标 ,30例健康人作为对照组。结果 :脑梗死、脑出血组与正常对照组比较 :FPG、FINS明显增高 ,而胰岛素敏感指数 (ISI)明显降低 ;收缩压 (SBP)、舒张压 (DBP)、总胆固醇 (TC)、甘油三脂 (TG)、低密度脂蛋白 (LDL)、载脂蛋白B(apoB)也升高 ;相反 ,高密度脂蛋白 (HDL)、载脂蛋白A(apoA)、apoA/apoB降低。脑梗死与脑出血两组之间比较 ,脑出血组的DBP明显高于脑梗死组 ,其余指标均无统计学差别。结论 :胰岛素抵抗是脑血管病的独立危险因素 ,但与中风类型无关     

Relation of serum cholesterol, lipid, serotonin and tryptophan levels to severity of depression and to suicide attempts

OBJECTIVE: To determine if there is a relation to low serum cholesterol, lipoprotein, serotonin or tryptophan levels in patients with depression who have recently attempted suicide. DESIGN: Biochemical and behavioural study. SETTING: Inpatient and outpatient treatment at the Instituto Mexicano de Psiquiatría. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-three patients with a diagnosis of major depressive episode. Eighteen of these patients had attempted suicide in the month before the start of the study; 15 patients had never attempted suicide. OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum levels of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides, serotonin (5-HT) and tryptophan. Scores on Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Carroll Depression Rating Scale, Beck Hopelessness Scale and Beck Suicide Attempt Severity Scale. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between patients who had attempted suicide and those who had not in terms of serum cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglyceride levels. Serum levels of 5-HT and tryptophan were significantly lower in patients with depression who had a recent suicide attempt than in those patients who had never attempted suicide. A comparison of patients not taking antidepressant medication found serum 5-HT levels to be more than 3 times lower in those patients with a recent suicide attempt than in patients with no history of suicide attempt. CONCLUSIONS: The study found no difference in lipid profiles between patients who had attempted suicide and those who had not. Low serum levels of 5-HT may increase the risk of suicide attempt in patients who are depressed.     

Low serum HDL‐cholesterol levels are associated with long symptom duration in patients with major depressive disorder

Aims: The purpose of the present study was to examine whether the association between depression and the serum high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) is modified by symptom duration. Methods: Depressed patients (n = 88) and an age‐ and sex‐matched group of healthy general population controls (n = 88) underwent a Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV (SCID), and depressed participants reported the duration of their symptoms. The serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), HDL‐C, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), triglycerides (TG) and non‐HDL, and the ratios of LDL‐C/HDL and TC/HDL‐C were assessed. Results: Major depressive disorder (MDD) subjects with a long symptom duration (≥3 years) had lower levels of HDL‐C compared with healthy controls or MDD subjects with a symptom duration <3 years. The likelihood for long symptom duration doubled for each 0.5‐mmol/L decrease in HDL‐C levels in regression models adjusted for age, gender, marital status, overweight, symptom severity, alcohol consumption, smoking, physical exercise, medication use, and non‐HDL‐C (P < 0.05). Conclusions: These findings suggest that a low serum HDL‐C level, a risk factor for coronary heart disease, is specifically associated with long‐term depressive symptomatology.