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1.
为探讨病毒性脑炎(病脑)患者脑电图(EEG)与临床及CT之间的关系,将临床确诊的62例病脑患者进行EEG与CT检查,对其EEG异常的阳性率、异常程度与病程、临床表现、CT之间的关系进行比较分析,并作统计学处理。结果发现,发病10天以内EEG中、重度异常39倒(78%),与10天以后比较有显著性差异(P<0.001)。EET可表现为三种形式:以弥漫性异常为主(51.5%);弥漫性异常伴局灶慢波(32.3%);局灶性异常(16.2%)。EEG与CT之间无明显相关性(P>0.05)。提示:EEG检查对病脑的诊断、鉴别诊断,以及动态观察病情、判断预后有重大意义。CT不能取代EEG。  相似文献   

2.
CT、MRI和EEG对病毒性脑炎的诊断价值   总被引:10,自引:3,他引:7  
目的探讨CT、MRI和EEG对病毒性脑炎的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析137例病毒性脑炎的临床资料,统计CT、MRI和EEG阳性率检查结果。结果137例全部检测分析。(1)CT的检出阳性率16、8%,MRI为76.4%,EEG为85.12%;(2)MRI与CT比较,两者检出阳性率有显著性差异(x^2=65.56,P〈0.005),EEG与CT比较栓出阳性率有显著性差异(x^2=81.55,P〈0.005);EEG与MRI比较检出阳性率无差异(x^2=0.34,P〉0.05)。结论MRI和EEG检查对病毒性脑炎的诊断价值较大,病毒性脑炎做CT无多大意义。  相似文献   

3.
目的 探讨彩色经颅多普勒(TCD)在小儿脑性瘫痪诊断中的作用及与临床的关系.方法 对2005-2006年采用TCD检查的资料数据完整的40例小儿脑性瘫痪病例,进行统计学处理及分析.结果 TCD正常11例(27.5%),异常29例,阳性率为72.5%.结论 TCD在小儿脑性瘫痪诊断中有一定的价值,脑瘫儿颅内血流动力呈低流速高阻抗,说明脑瘫儿的大脑供血少于正常儿,属于低灌注循环状态,脑灌注量越低,病情越重,可见脑血循环与脑功能是密切相关的.对脑性瘫痪的诊断如采用多种检查,将起到相辅相成的作用,综合分析意义更大.  相似文献   

4.
目的研究脑电图(EEG)、脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)、体感诱发电位(SEP)联合检测对脑血管病昏迷患者预后的判断。方法对60例脑血管病昏迷患者进行EEG、BAEP、SEP检测,并与预后结果进行分析。结果诱发电位与脑电图联合检测对预后评估的敏感性为96.9%,特异性96.4%,准确率96.7%,与glasgow评分组比较差异有统计学意义P〈0.05。结论EEG、BAEP及SEP联合检测对评价脑血管病昏迷患者脑功能状态,预测预后提供了客观可靠的依据。  相似文献   

5.
目的探讨CT灌注成像(CTPI)对早期缺血性脑血管病的应用价值。方法45例早期急性缺血性脑血管患者中(发病时间≤24h),行头部常规CT平扫后,立即行CTPI及TCD检查,24-72h后复查颅脑CT。对所得灌注扫描源数据用Adw 4.2软件行后处理得CT灌注参数图并进行诊断,最后对灌注及CT、TCD结果进行分析并行统计学处理。结果CT平扫:敏感度44.44%,特异度68.97%。CTPI:敏感度91.11%,特异度95.35%。TCD:敏感度71.11%。四格表χ2检验证明CTPI较CT平扫、TCD检出早期脑内缺血病灶均敏感(χ2=9.257,χ2=5.874,P〈0.01);而单纯TCD检查与CT平扫对检出早期脑内缺血病灶无明显差异(χ2=0.458,P〉0.05)。结论脑CT灌注成像的敏感度、特异度及诊断率均明显高于CT及TCD,能很好地评价脑血流动力学改变,准确显示缺血脑组织的部位和范围,可早期诊断急性缺血性脑梗死,并评价其血流灌注情况,为临床早期诊断、预防及治疗脑梗死提供影像学依据,同时对于早期选择治疗方案、指导临床有重要意义。  相似文献   

6.
目的 探讨急性脑梗死患者脑血流动力学、脑功能变化和影像学改变及其相关性和临床意义.方法 观察47例急性脑梗死患者的经颅多普勒(TCD)、脑电图(EEG)变化和影像CT改变,分析其与预后的关系.结果 TCD、EEG在急性脑梗死中异常率较高,且EEG异常程度越重,预后越差.结论 急性脑梗死存在不同程度脑血流动力学和脑功能变化,脑梗死患者应尽早进行TCD和EEG检查,结合颅脑CT,以指导治疗和预后判断.  相似文献   

7.
目的探讨急性脑梗死(ACI)并高血压患者血清脂蛋白(a)〔LP(a)〕水平变化及临床意义。方法选择ACI并高血压患者54例,ACI未合并高血压(单纯ACI)患者42例。均行经颅彩色多普勒(TCD)、头颅MRI及MRA检查。选择30例健康体检者为对照组。检测所有患者血清LP(a)水平,比较不同脑动脉供应系统和不同血管狭窄程度、不同梗死面积患者血清LP(a)水平变化。结果(1)ACI组LP(a)水平高于对照组,其中ACI合并高血压组高于单纯ACI组(均P〈0.01)。(2)不同梗死面积脑梗死患者组间LP(a)水平呈现大梗死灶〉小梗死灶〉腔隙性梗死(均P〈0.05)。(3)动脉狭窄以颈内动脉系统(70.6%)发生率最高,其LP(a)水平与椎基底动脉系统相比差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。(4)多发脑动脉狭窄患者LP(a)水平高于单只动脉狭窄患者(P〈0.05)。结论LP(a)与高血压具有协同作用,与急性脑梗死的发生密切相关。LP(a)作为急性脑梗死的危险因素,可预测患者的梗死面积和颅内血管梗阻的严重情况。  相似文献   

8.
目的 探讨亚临床肝性脑病(SHE)早期诊断的方法。方法 对46例肝硬化无肝性脑病临床表现的患者进行P300、脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)、数字连接测验(NCT)、简明智力状况检查量表(MMSE)及脑电图(EEG)检测和随访,并与43例非肝病患者进行比较。结果 肝硬化组P300潜伏期、NCT时间较对照组明显延长(均P〈0.01);BAEP异常率明显增加(P〈0.01);随肝功能损害程度加重,P300潜伏期逐级显著延长、波幅显著降低,NCT时间显著延长,BAEP异常率显著增加(P〈0.05—0.01)。随访发现P300、BAEP或NCT异常的肝硬化患者HE发生率间差异无统计学意义。结论 P300、BAEP及NCT可作为早期诊断SHE的检测方法。  相似文献   

9.
SPECT、TCD及BAEP对椎基底动脉缺血性眩晕的诊断价值   总被引:15,自引:1,他引:14  
目的 探讨SPECT、TCD及BAEP对椎基底动脉缺血性眩晕(VBAIV)的诊断价值。方法 对100例临床诊断为VBAIV患者进行SPECT、BAEP、TCD检查,并对其检查的结果进行分析、对比。结果 100例中SPECT。的阳性率为87.0%,BAEP为58.3%,TCD为78.0%。结论 SPECT的阳性率最高,能较灵敏地直接反映脑缺血的部位;BAEP阳性率最低,但能较正确的反映出脑干缺血的依据;TCD检查简单、方便,对脑血管和脑血流状态反映较灵敏,但定位准确性较差。三者在该病的诊断中均可提供有价值的客观依据,且有互相补充的作用.  相似文献   

10.
椎基底动脉TIA患者BAEP、VEP、TCD的结果分析   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
目的 探讨BAEP、VEP、TCD对诊断椎基底动脉TIA的意义.方法 取2002-04~2004-06在我院临床上诊断为TIA的98例患者进行BAEP、VEP、TCD试验,并与正常值相比较.结果 BAEP的异常率为62.2%,TCD的异常率为83.7%,VEP的异常7%.结论 BAEP、TCD检查对TIA患者诊断提供很好的帮助,而VEP的临床意义较小.  相似文献   

11.
视频脑电图在小儿癫痫诊断中的应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的评价视频脑电图(video-EEG)在小儿癫诊断中的应用价值。方法对126例具有发作性症状的患儿进行连续8h的包括清醒、睡眠、诱发试验及必要的认知测验的视频脑电图监测。结果经发作期视频脑电图证实,39例初诊为癫性发作的患儿中14例(35%)为非癫性发作;15例其他症状发作中13例(86%)为非癫性发作。64例样放电患儿中51例(80%)确定发作类型,22例(34%)确定癫类型。视频脑电图可发现短暂轻微的癫发作及样放电引起的一过性认知损伤。结论视频脑电图在排除非癫性发作、确定癫性发作的类型、评价脑电-临床关系方面可提供准确可靠的证据,进一步提高癫的临床诊断水平。  相似文献   

12.
The pathogenesis of stroke, trauma and chronic degenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), has been linked to excitotoxic processes due to inappropriate stimulation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA-R). Attempts to use potent competitive NMDA-R antagonists as neuroprotectants have shown serious side-effects in patients. As an alternative approach, we were interested in the anti-excitotoxic properties of memantine, a well-tolerated low affinity uncompetitive NMDA-R antagonist presently used as an anti-dementia agent. We explored in a series of models of increasing complexity, whether this voltage-dependent channel blocker had neuroprotective properties at clinically relevant concentrations. As expected, memantine protected neurons in organotypic hippocampal slices or dissociated cultures from direct NMDA-induced excitotoxicity. However, low concentrations of memantine were also effective in neuronal (cortical neurons and cerebellar granule cells) stress models dependent on endogenous glutamate stimulation and mitochondrial stress, i.e. exposure to hypoxia, the mitochondrial toxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) or a nitric oxide (NO) donor. Furthermore, memantine reduced lethality and brain damage in vivo in a model of neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI). Finally, we investigated functional rescue (neuronal capacity to migrate along radial glia) by memantine in cerebellar microexplant cultures exposed to the indirect excitotoxin 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP). Potent NMDA-R antagonists, such as (+)MK-801, are known to block neuronal migration in microexplant cultures. Interestingly, memantine significantly restored the number of neurons able to migrate out of the stressed microexplants. These findings suggest that inhibition of the NMDA-R by memantine is sufficient to block excitotoxicity, while still allowing some degree of signalling.  相似文献   

13.
Summary A histochemical and ultrastructural study was made on the brain of a 23-year-old man with Sanfilippo's syndrome. In accordance with previous reports the cortical nerve cells contained a PAS-positive lipid storage substance. This showed intense autofluorescence in UV-light and was positive with various stains for lipofuscin. The storage material appeared ultrastructurally as inclusion bodies composed of short lamellated membranes, granular material, and vacuoles. In addition, concentrically and transversely lamellated membranous cytoplasmic bodies were observed in the nerve cells. It is concluded that the PAS-positive lipid storage material in the neurons was composed partly of lipofuscin in addition to other lipids presumably glycosphingolipids.Supported by a grant from the Expressen Prenatal Research Foundation  相似文献   

14.
Midazolam is a recently developed water-soluble benzodiazepine that shares anxiolytic, muscle relaxant, hypnotic and anticonvulsant actions with other members of this class. There are limited studies that midazolam can be used successfully to treat seizures in adults and children. In this study, 0.2 mg/kg intramuscular (IM) midazolam was administered to 11 children (eight boys and three girls), aged 3 days to 4 years (mean age 1.8±1.4 years), with seizures of various types. In all but one child, seizures stopped in 15 s–5 min after injection. No side effects were observed. These results suggest that IM administration of midazolam may be useful in a variety of seizures during childhood, especially in case of intravenous (IV) line problem.  相似文献   

15.
脑电图预测痫性发作研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
癫痫(epilepsy)是由脑部神经元高度同步化异常放电所致的临床综合征,系神经系统的常见病,困扰着全世界约1%的人群.每次神经元的阵发性放电或短暂的脑功能异常称为痫性发作(seizures).  相似文献   

16.
Objective: Vincristine, a microtubule-destabilizing drug, was found to exhibit anti-angiogenic effects and anti-tumoral activity. However, the precise mechanism by which vincristine inhibits angiogenesis in glioblastomas is not well understood. Our aim was to investigate whether vincristine affects vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in glioblastoma cells and determine whether it is mediated by the downregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α).

Methods: We investigated the expression of HIF-1α in glioblastoma tissues resected from patients and in human glioblastoma cell lines using immunohistochemistry, Western blot analysis, and immunocytochemistry. In addition to an MTT assay assessing the effect of vincristine on cell proliferation and viability, the effects of vincristine on VEGF mRNA expression and HIF-1α protein were examined using real-time RT-PCR and Western blot analysis under 1% O2 (hypoxia).

Results: HIF-1α was expressed in the majority of glioblastoma tissues and was detected mainly in the nucleus. Strong immunoreactivity for HIF- 1 α was found often in the hypercellular zones. Under hypoxic conditions, HIF-1α protein levels in the glioblastoma cell lines increased, primarily localizing into the nucleus similar to glioblastoma tissues. Exposure of glioblastoma cells to vincristine resulted in enrichment of the G2-M fraction of the cell cycle, which suggests that vincristine-mediated growth inhibition of glioblastoma is correlated with mitotic inhibition. Using doses lower than those found to reduce the viability and proliferation of cells by 50% (IC50), vincristine decreased both the expression of VEGF mRNA and the level of HIF-1α protein in hypoxic glioblastoma cells. In addition, following exposure to vincristine, the expression of VEGF mRNA was correlated with HIF-1α protein levels.

Conclusions: Our results suggest that the mechanism by which vincristine elicits an anti-angiogenic effect in glioblastomas under hypoxic conditions might be mediated, in part, by HIF-1α inhibition.  相似文献   

17.
近年来,蛋白质的降解障碍被认为是帕金森病(Parkinson’Sdisease,PD)发病过程中的重要因素,人们已经公认泛素一蛋白酶体系统(ubiquitin--pro—teasomesystem,UPS)功能异常或衰竭能够导致细胞内异常蛋白蓄积、细胞功能障碍,甚至细胞凋亡。与此同时,蛋白降解的另一条途径——自噬-溶酶体途径(autophagy—lysosomepathway,ALP)也已成为了生命科学领域的研究热点,自噬与神经变性疾病,尤其是PD的关系日益受到人们的重视。  相似文献   

18.
ObjectiveCurrent nosology redefined agoraphobia as an autonomous diagnosis distinct from panic disorder. We investigated the lifetime prevalence of agoraphobia, its association with other mental disorders, and its impact on the health-related quality of life (HR-QoL). MethodsCommunity survey in 2,338 randomly selected adult subjects. Participants were interviewed with the Advanced Neuropsychiatric Tools and Assessment Schedule (ANTAS), administered by clinicians. The diagnoses were based on the ICD-10 criteria. The Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) was used to quantify HR-QoL. ResultsIn the sample, 35 subjects met the criteria for agoraphobia (1.5%), with greater prevalence among women (2.0%) than men (0.9%): odds ratio (OR) 2.23; 95% CI: 1.0-5–2. Agoraphobia was more often seen among those with (n=26; 1.1%) than without (n=9; 0.4%) panic disorder: OR=8.3; 2.9–24.4. Co-morbidity with other mental disorders was substantial. The mean score of SF-12 in people with agoraphobia was 35.2±7.8, with similar levels of HR-QoL in people with (35.3±7.9) or without (34.8±7.3) panic disorder: ANOVA: F(1;33)=0.0; p=1.00. ConclusionOne out of seventy people may suffer from agoraphobia in their lifetime. The attributable burden in terms of HR-QoL is substantial and comparable to the one observed for chronic mental disorders such as major depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, or obsessive-compulsive disorder.  相似文献   

19.
The diffusible chemical messenger nitric oxide (NO) is involved in neuronal plasticity and it is, therefore, supposed to play a role in brain development. A shortage of NO during the critical period of brain maturation may theoretically have long-lasting consequences on the organization of the adult brain. We have performed in neonatal rats a chronic inhibition of the enzyme responsible for NO production, nitric oxide synthase (NOS), from postnatal day 3 to postnatal day 23, through administration of the competitive antagonist N-nitro-L-arginine methylester (L-NAME). The calcium-dependent catalytic activity resulted almost completely inhibited throughout the period of treatment and it took more than 4 days after its suspension to get a full recovery. The expression of the neuronal isoform of the enzyme (nNOS), revealed by immunoblotting, was unchanged during the treatment and after it. The histochemical reaction for NADPH diaphorase was reduced at the end of the treatment and recovered in concomitance with the recovery of the catalytic NOS activity. No gross structural alterations were detected in brain morphology. The levels of three neurotransmitter-related and one astrocytic marker were unchanged in the cerebellum, hippocampus and cortex of 60-day-old rats which had been neonatally treated. A similar lack of significant effects on neurochemical brain maturation was also noticed in a parallel series of experiments, in which a short pulse of NOS inhibition was performed at a critical prenatal time of brain development, from gestational day 14 to gestational day 19. In vitro, chronic exposure of cerebellar granule cells to L-NAME (500 microM) resulted in slight decrease of surviving neurons after 8 days in culture and in better resistance to the challenge of stressful culture conditions. The present results suggest that the basic plan of brain organization can be achieved despite an almost complete NOS inhibition during the maturation period. In vitro, NOS inhibition may bring to more pronounced consequences on neuronal viability and function.  相似文献   

20.
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