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1.
目的探讨雌激素对脑缺血再灌注神经干细胞(neural stem cell,NSC)内源性激活的作用.方法将44只雄性大鼠随机分成假手术组、对照组和实验组.采用传统的线栓法制备大鼠大脑中动脉闭塞再灌注模型,实验组大鼠腹腔注射苯甲酸雌二醇,对照组腹腔注射生理盐水,通过免疫组织化学技术标记大鼠海马齿状回颗粒下层(subgranular zone,SGZ)、侧脑室室下层(subventricular zone,SVZ)以及梗死皮质周边区在缺血再灌注3、7、11、18 d的5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶核苷(bromodeoxyuridine,BrdU)阳性细胞,并采用HPIAS图像分析系统进行分析.结果正常成年大鼠脑组织SGZ和SVZ存在少量Brdu阳性细胞,对照组脑缺血再灌注3 d SGZ、SVZ和梗死皮质周边Brdu阳性细胞的数量开始增多,7 d达到高峰,11d后开始减少,18 d进一步下降.实验组与对照组相比,在各个时间点均能显著提高BrdU阳性细胞的数量(P<0.01),而且增殖可以持续11d.结论脑缺血再灌注可激活脑内NSC的增殖,雌激素可以促进脑缺血再灌注多个区域NSC的增殖.  相似文献   

2.
脑缺血再灌注神经干细胞原位激活的研究   总被引:10,自引:6,他引:4  
目的 探讨大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注后不同时间、不同脑部位神经干细胞(NSC)原位激活的变化规律。方法 建立一侧大脑中动脉闭塞缺血再灌注模型,用5-溴脱氧尿苷(BrdU)标记脑内增殖细胞,免疫组化(SP法)技术检测大鼠缺血再灌注不同时间段缺血周边皮质、双侧侧脑室下区(SVZ)、海马齿状回下区(SGZ)具有增殖能力细胞BrdU表达变化。结果 对照组脑组织双侧SVZ、SGZ可见少量BrdU阳性标记细胞;单纯脑缺血2 h组脑组织BrdU阳性细胞数未见明显增加;再灌注3天组,缺血侧皮质、双侧SVZ和SGZBrdU阳性细胞明显增多(P<0.05),7天时达到高峰(P<0.001),11天时下降,且缺血侧与对侧相比,双侧SVZ呈对称分布,而SGZ以缺血侧增加为主(P<0.05)。结论 一侧大脑中动脉闭塞缺血再灌注可致成年大鼠脑内NSC原位激活,且NSC增殖于缺血后1周达到高峰,激活部位以双侧SVZ、缺血侧海马和周边皮质为主。  相似文献   

3.
目的 研究N - Methyl- D- Aspartate(NMDA)受体拮抗剂MK- 80 1对脑缺血后神经干细胞(NSC)激活的作用。方法 将4 0只SD大鼠分成对照组和实验组,两组大鼠均采用传统线栓法作成大脑中动脉缺血再灌注模型,实验组大鼠腹腔注射MK- 80 1,对照组腹腔注射生理盐水,通过免疫组织化学技术标记鼠脑海马齿状回颗粒细胞层(SGZ)、室管膜下层(SVZ)及梗死皮质周边区注射后第3、7、11、18天的Brdu、Nestin阳性细胞数。结果 对照组大鼠Brdu、Nestin阳性细胞7d在SGZ出现一小高峰,然后迅速下降,11d阳性细胞甚少,梗死皮质周边区更少;而实验组Brdu、Nestin阳性细胞3d在SVZ明显表达,7~11d在SGZ区达高峰,并可持续至18d,同样梗死皮质区Brdu、Nestin阳性细胞7~18d表达明显,两组比较,有统计学意义(P<0 .0 1)。结论 NMDA受体拮抗剂MK- 80 1在脑缺血后,能促进NSC的增殖、分化。  相似文献   

4.
脑缺血再灌注损伤后大鼠脑内Nestin、 bFGFmRNA的变化研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的研究脑缺血再灌注损伤后大鼠脑内神经干细胞增殖相关因子的变化,包括BrdU Nestin、bFGFmRNA。方法采用大鼠脑中动脉缺血再灌注损伤(middle cerebral artery occlusion,MCAO)模型,分假手术组、模型组两组,应用免疫荧光法检测两组3d、5d、7d、14d、21d、30d病灶侧侧脑室区(subventricle zone,SVZ)、海马齿状回(subdentate gyrus zone,SGZ)BrdU Nestin的变化,以及应用RT-PCR方法观察相应时间点两组病灶侧bFGFmRNA的变化。结果假手术组几乎检测不到BrdU Nestin荧光值、bFGFmRNA的表达;模型组病灶侧Br- dU Nestin荧光值、bFGFmRNA表达增高,两组比较有显著差异(P<0.05);各时间点间模型组病灶侧BrdU Nestin荧光值、bFGFmRNA表达均有显著差异(P<0.05);bFGFmRNA的表达值增强早于BrdU Nestin荧光值。结论大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤可引起病灶侧SVZ、SGZ区神经干细胞反应和增殖;病灶侧bFGFmRNA表达上调可能与神经干细胞增殖分化有关;脑缺血损伤后神经干细胞增殖分化具有时间窗。  相似文献   

5.
目的 观察脑缺血再灌注后内源性神经干细胞的分布、增殖和分化.方法 阻塞大鼠大脑中动脉2h不同时间的再灌流制成局灶性脑缺血模型,免疫组化单标、双标观察神经干细胞的增殖、分布、分化.结果 正常组和假手术组,多数脑室室管膜细胞Brdu免疫反应阳性,脑实质内有零星散在Brdu阳性细胞.再灌流1d,室管膜及室管膜下层的Brdu阳性细胞显著增多;再灌流3~10d,视前区梗死区周边区、缺血纹状体和额顶皮质的Brdu阳性细胞显著增加.再灌流3d,Brdu阳性细胞出现于海马齿状回的颗粒下层,并随再灌流时间延长,阳性细胞数量增多.免疫组化双标显示再灌流3d视前区有很少量的Brdu/GFAP双阳性细胞,随后增多.再灌流10d内,未检查到Brdu/NF双标阳性细胞.结论 成年哺乳动物的室管膜、脑实质有少量神经干细胞,脑缺血后室管膜、齿状回颗粒下层出现大量的神经干细胞增殖,这些增殖神经干细胞向缺血区迁移、分化,试图补偿丢失的细胞,重塑受损的神经组织.  相似文献   

6.
脑缺血后内源性激活神经干细胞的机制研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
1 脑缺血后内源性神经干细胞的自身激活 近年来研究表明,脑缺血后自身的神经干细胞有大量的增殖分化[1,2],说明神经干细胞可能参与脑缺血的病理生理过程.Zhang等通过建立沙鼠大脑中动脉缺血(MCAO)模型,观察缺血再灌注后不同时期的室管膜下层(SVZ)、海马颗粒细胞层(DG)、嗅球以及梗死灶周边皮质的神经干细胞增殖、分化情况,发现7 d后在梗死同侧脑SVZ出现神经干细胞增殖高峰,14 d达最高,而DG区则无增殖,且14 d后远离梗死区的嗅球有大量的神经干细胞增殖,但28 d后,标记Brdu阳性细胞大量减少,说明脑缺血只引起短暂的神经干细胞的增殖,Zhang认为是脑缺血损伤的应急保护反应[3].  相似文献   

7.
目的 探讨脑缺血再灌注后成年大鼠大脑MyT1表达变化及其意义.方法 以线栓法制作成年SD大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注模型(阻塞90min再灌注1,7,14d);用免疫荧光组织化学法检测脑缺血再灌注成年大鼠早期大脑梗死中心区、梗死周边区和缺血对侧区MyT1阳性细胞数量.结果 (1)脑缺血再灌注后各时间点梗死中心区MyT1阳性细胞数明显减少;(2)脑缺血再灌注后梗死周边区MyT1阳性细胞数从脑缺血后第1天开始增加;脑缺血后7d和14d时,各组大鼠MyT1阳性细胞增加数较之对照组大鼠有显著的差别.结论 成年SD大鼠脑缺血再灌注后梗死周边区MyT1表达显著增加,可能参与了少突胶质前体细胞的发育过程,调节髓鞘蛋白基因的转录,参与缺血性脑损伤的修复过程.  相似文献   

8.
大鼠脑缺血再灌注诱导自体神经干细胞原位增殖的研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
目的研究缺血性脑损伤对内源性神经干细胞增殖、迁移的影响。方法参照Pulsinelli-Brierley法制作短暂性全脑缺血动物模型,全脑缺血10min后再灌注,采用SABC免疫组化染色显示5'-溴脱氧尿嘧啶(BrdU)阳性细胞和神经巢蛋白(Nestin)阳性细胞,光镜下观察并统计分析脑缺血损伤后内源性神经干细胞增殖、迁移的变化过程。结果脑缺血再灌流24h后,海马、齿状回和室管膜下区的BrdU阳性细胞和Nestin阳性细胞增多,7~10d达到高峰,术后20d仍有表达;在室管膜下区,BrdU阳性细胞和Nestin阳性细胞有向皮质、海马迁移的现象。结论①成年大鼠全脑缺血后7~10d,内源性神经干细胞的增殖达到高峰。②增殖的内源性神经干细胞存在由增殖区向靶区迁移的现象。  相似文献   

9.
目的 观察老年大鼠脑出血后海马齿状回神经干细胞(NSCs)的增殖与分化,探讨脑出血后NSCs的变化规律.方法 制作老年大鼠脑出血模型,5-溴脱氧尿核苷(BrdU)腹腔注射标记增殖细胞,用免疫组化法检测大鼠海马齿状回BrdU、神经元核抗原(NeuN)、胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)阳性细胞数的变化.结果 正常组和假手术组老年大鼠海马齿状回均有少量BrdU阳性细胞,脑出血后大鼠各时间段的BrdU阳性细胞数目均较正常组和假手术组明显增加,7d组达到峰值后逐渐下降,28d组仍高于正常组和假手术组.正常老年大鼠海马齿状回可见少量BrdU/NeuN和BrdU/GFAP双标阳性细胞,脑出血后双标阳性细胞数较正常组明显增加.结论 脑出血后老年大鼠海马齿状回NSCs增殖明显,且可以向神经元和神经胶质细胞分化.  相似文献   

10.
大鼠局灶性脑缺血后神经前体细胞增殖迁移的研究   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
目的研究成年大鼠内源性神经前体细胞在局灶性脑缺血后不同时间窗的增殖分化情况。方法用Longa线栓法制作大鼠脑缺血模型,用免疫组化的方法检测大鼠内源性神经前体细胞最佳增殖时间及最大增殖效果:j结果脑缺血半球室管膜下区、嗅球和头端迁徙渠道(rostral migratory stream,RMS)Brdu阳性细胞数在脑缺血后1d明显增多,3~7d达高峰,14d后开始下降;Brdu阳性细胞数在脑缺血半球室管膜下区和嗅球成止相关;脯缺血侧海马齿状回未见Brdu阳性细胞数明显增多;Brdu阳性细胞在脑缺血缸后第3周数量最大,从第4周开始下降。结论成年大鼠局灶性脑缺血后3~7d内源性神经前体细胞增殖达高峰,住该期进行外源性细胞移植治疗可能更有效。  相似文献   

11.
Neurogenesis and angiogenesis are two important processes that may contribute to the repair of brain injury after stroke. This study was designed to investigate whether transplantation of human embryonic neural stem cells (NSCs) into cortical peri‐infarction 24 h after ischemia effects cell proliferation in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and angiogenesis in the peri‐infarct zone. NSCs were prepared from embryonic human brains at 8 weeks gestation. Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery of adult rats. Animals were randomly divided into two groups (n = 30, each) at 24 h after ischemia: NSC‐grafted and medium‐grafted groups. Toluidine blue staining and 5′‐bromo‐2′‐deoxyuridine (BrdU) or von Willebrand factor (vWF) immunohistochemistry were performed at 7, 14 and 28 days after transplantation. NSC transplantation increased the number of BrdU‐positive cells in the ischemic ipsilateral SVZ compared with the medium control at 7 days (P < 0.01). This difference in SVZ cell proliferation persisted at 14 days (P < 0.01), but was not significant at 28 days (P > 0.05). In addition, angiogenesis, as indicated by BrdU and vWF staining in cortical peri‐infarct regions, was augmented by 46% and 65% in NSC‐grafted rats versus medium‐grafted rats at 7 and 14 days, respectively (P < 0.05). However, this increase became non‐significant at 28 days (P > 0.05). Our results indicate that NSC transplantation enhances endogenous cell proliferation in the SVZ and promotes angiogenesis in the peri‐infarct zone, even if it is performed in the acute phase of ischemic injury.  相似文献   

12.
BACKGROUND: Cerebral ischemia increases neurogenesis in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus, and this might be modulated by an enriched environment including voluntary physical activity. We examined whether enforced physical training (EPT) influences neurogenesis in the SVZ and SGZ after cerebral ischemia. METHODS: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to focal cerebral ischemia for 2 h, and divided into an EPT and a non-EPT group. All rats in the EPT group were trained using a rota-rod for 14 days. 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) was injected to determine levels of cell proliferation. Functional recovery was assessed using a set of behavioral test batteries. Extents of endogenous neurogenesis in the SVZ and SGZ were quantified by immunofluorescence staining. Although final infarction volumes were not significantly different in the groups, functional recovery was better in the EPT group at 10 and 17 days after ischemia. In the SVZ, BrdU labeling and double labeling of BrdU/Dcx and of BrdU/NeuN were not significantly different in the two groups. However, in the SGZ, EPT significantly increased the number of BrdU-positive cell numbers (EPT vs. non-EPT: 159.1+/-19.9 vs. 101.8+/-7.8, p=0.04), and the number of BrdU/Dcx double-labeled cells (130.6+/-16.9 vs. 73.6+/-7.2, p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained indicate that EPT promotes neurogenesis in the SGZ of the dentate gyrus after ischemia, but not in the SVZ. The biochemical mechanism that determines the differential effects of EPT remains to be clarified.  相似文献   

13.
脑缺血再灌注损伤模型大鼠大脑皮质BDNF mRNA表达减少   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的制备局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠模型,并观察大脑皮质脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)mR-NA表达的变化。方法雄性SD大鼠,采用线栓法闭塞大脑中动脉2h后进行再灌注3d,制备局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤模型。采用神经缺失评分观察大鼠的行为学表现;TTC染色检查脑组织梗死情况;HE染色观察大鼠脑组织形态结构;RT-PCR技术检测大鼠大脑皮质BDNF mRNA的表达。结果假手术组大鼠无神经功能障碍表现;脑组织未见梗死灶;脑组织神经细胞形态规则;大脑皮质BDNF mRNA的相对表达量,与正常组相比,未见明显变化。与假手术组相比,局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤模型大鼠出现神经功能障碍;左侧半球可见梗死灶;梗死侧脑组织形态学观察显示神经细胞大量坏死脱落、胞质呈空泡变性、疏松、胞核浓缩深染;大脑皮质BDNF mRNA表达量明显减少。结论大脑中动脉闭塞2h后进行再灌注3d可造成脑缺血再灌注损伤,可能与大脑皮质BDNF mRNA的表达减少有关。  相似文献   

14.
GDNF对局灶性脑缺血大鼠SVZ和SGZ细胞增殖及学习记忆的影响   总被引:11,自引:1,他引:10  
目的 观察胶质细胞源性神经营养因子(GDNF)对局灶性脑缺血再灌注大鼠SVZ和SGZ细胞增殖的影响。方法 大脑中动脉线栓法制作大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注模型,立体定位下侧脑室注射GDNF,应用5 -溴脱氧尿核苷(Brd U )标记分裂细胞,观察模型组、GDNF组大鼠SVZ和SGZ神经干细胞的增殖,同时应用Y迷宫监测大鼠学习记忆能力。结果 局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠GDNF组神经干细胞增殖明显增加,Brd U免疫阳性细胞数与相应对照组比较,差异有显著性意义(P<0 .0 5 )。GDNF组大鼠学习和记忆能力与相应对照组比较,差异有显著性(P<0 .0 5 )。结论 GDNF可增强局灶性脑缺血SVZ和SGZ细胞增殖能力,外源性GDNF可加速中枢神经损伤的修复。  相似文献   

15.
The adult mammalian brain contains resident neural progenitors in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus (DG) and the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles. The proliferation of neural progenitors increases after focal cerebral ischemia in both of these regions, but the mechanisms that promote ischemia-induced neural progenitor proliferation are not yet understood. We hypothesize that diffusible factors from the ischemic area play a role in this process as the DG is remote from the area of infarction. In this study, we observed that the peak of neural progenitor proliferation in the ipsilateral DG was between day 2 and day 4 of reperfusion after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in adult spontaneously hypertensive rats. GeneChip and real-time PCR analysis showed a three- to 102-fold increase in the expression of 15 diffusible, mitogenic factors in the ischemic cortex at 3 days of reperfusion. Of these, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) showed increased protein expression in the activated astrocytes in the ischemic penumbra. In addition, the progenitors in both the SVZ and DG showed IGF-1 receptor expression. Inhibiting IGF-1 activity by introcerebroventricular infusion of IGF-1 antibody significantly prevented the ischemia-induced neural progenitor proliferation. These results indicate that IGF-1 formed in the ischemic penumbra might be one of the diffusible factors that mediate post-ischemic neural progenitor proliferation.  相似文献   

16.
目的 探讨依托咪酯预处理对脑缺血-再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法 18只雄性SD大鼠,随机均分为3组,即脑缺血-再灌注组、依托咪酯预处理组、脂微球对照组。采用颈内动脉线栓栓塞致大脑中动脉阻塞模型,监测肛温及血糖,并于再灌注24h后断头处死动物,取大脑切片行2,3,5-氯化三苯基四氮唑染色,测量并计算脑梗死容积百分比。结果 依托咪酯预处理组脑梗死百分比明显低于脂微球对照组(P<0.01),低于缺血-再灌注组(P<0.05)。但缺血-再灌注组与脂微球对照组相比差异无统计学意义。结论 依托咪酯预处理后可明显减小大鼠局灶性脑缺血-再灌注损伤后的脑梗死面积。  相似文献   

17.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Young adult female rats sustain smaller infarcts after experimental stroke than age-matched males. This sex difference in ischemic brain injury in young animals disappears after surgical ovariectomy and can be restored by estrogen replacement. We sought to determine whether ischemic brain injury continues to be smaller in middle-aged, reproductively senescent female rats compared with age-matched males and to test the effect of ovarian steroids on brain injury after experimental stroke in females. METHODS: Four groups of 16-month old Wistar rats (males [n=9], untreated females [n=9], and females pretreated with 17beta-estradiol [25-microgram pellets administered subcutaneously for 7 days; n=9] or progesterone [10-mg pellets administered subcutaneously for 7 days; n=9] were subjected to 2 hours of middle cerebral artery occlusion with the intraluminal filament technique, followed by 22 hours of reperfusion. Physiological variables and laser-Doppler cerebral cortical perfusion were monitored throughout ischemia and early reperfusion. In a separate cohort of males (n=3), untreated females (n=3), females pretreated with 17beta-estradiol (n=3), and females pretreated with progesterone (n=3), end-ischemic regional cerebral blood flow was measured by [(14)C]iodoantipyrine autoradiography. RESULTS: As predicted, infarct size was not different between middle-aged male and female rats. Cortical infarcts were 21+/-5% and 31+/-6% of ipsilateral cerebral cortex, and striatal infarcts were 44+/-7% and 43+/-5% of ipsilateral striatum in males and females, respectively. Both estrogen and progesterone reduced cortical infarct in reproductively senescent females (5+/-2% and 16+/-4% in estrogen- and progesterone-treated groups, respectively, compared with 31+/-6% in untreated group). Striatal infarct was smaller in the estrogen- but not in the progesterone-treated group. Relative change in laser-Doppler cerebral cortical perfusion from preischemic baseline and absolute end-ischemic regional cerebral blood flow were not affected by hormonal treatments. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the protection against ischemic brain injury found in young adult female rats disappears after reproductive senescence in middle-aged females and that ovarian hormones alleviate stroke injury in reproductively senescent female rats by a blood flow-independent mechanism. These findings support a role for hormone replacement therapy in stroke injury prevention in postmenopausal women.  相似文献   

18.
Cyclosporin A protects against ischemia-reperfusion injury in the brain   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
We investigated the protective effect of Cyclosporin A (CsA) against ischemia-reperfusion injury in the brain using a transient focal ischemia model in rats. In CsA-treated rats, ischemic brain edema formation 1 day after reperfusion in the cerebral cortex perfused by the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and infarct size were decreased compared with those in olive oil treated control rats. These results suggest that CsA is beneficial in reducing ischemia-reperfusion injury, possibly by the suppression of immunological reactions.  相似文献   

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