综合医院焦虑抑郁量表在内科门诊患者中的应用

目的了解综合性医院内科门诊患者中焦虑与抑郁的现状以及综合医院焦虑抑郁量表（hospital anxiety and depression scale,HAD）在此类人群中调查的特点。方法采用10∶1连续病例抽查,自填相关问卷的方法。对6 172例门诊患者使用HAD进行调查。结果内科门诊患者中有6.93%患者存在焦虑症状,3.66%的患者存在抑郁症状,1.31%的患者共病焦虑与抑郁。焦虑部分得分高的条目分别是＂我感到紧张（或痛苦）＂和＂我心中充满了烦恼＂;抑郁部分＂我对以往感兴趣的事情还是一样感兴趣＂得分最高。女性的焦虑抑郁得分明显高于男性。结论综合性医院内科门诊小部分患者存在焦虑、抑郁症状,HAD量表结构大致符合＂抑郁＋焦虑＋不安＂的三因子模型。     

综合医院住院患者情绪问题的调查

目的:探讨综合医院住院患者情绪问题。方法:应用综合医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADs)对榆林市5家综合医院14个科室1 216例住院患者进行评估及分析。结果:本组70.9%(862例)患者有情绪问题,其中焦虑273例(22.5%),抑郁433例(35.6%),焦虑合并抑郁156例(12.8%)。不同性别、文化程度的患者焦虑、抑郁发生率差异无统计学意义;40岁患者焦虑发生率明显增高(P0.05)。外科、内科、妇产科患者情绪问题发生率明显高于五官科(P均0.05)。胸外科患者抑郁发生率最高(56.5%),内分泌科患者焦虑发生率最高(29.9%),血液科患者焦虑合并抑郁发生率最高(21.3%)。结论:综合医院住院患者情绪问题发生率高,40岁患者更容易出现焦虑,外科患者更容易出现抑郁。     

神经内科门诊患者焦虑与抑郁症状的调查研究

目的 探讨综合医院神经内科门诊患者焦虑与抑郁症状的特征及影响因素.方法 调查河南省人民医院神经内科门诊患者,采用综合医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)和自制问卷.从年龄、性别、文化程度、职业和健康状况等多因素进行调查.结果 神经内科门诊患者焦虑症状阳性者占所有就诊患者的34.8%,抑郁症状阳性者占39.8%;伴发神经内科疾病组的焦虑/抑郁分和阳性率均高于无神经内科疾病组;焦虑和抑郁症状的发生与患者的年龄、性别、文化程度有密切关系.结论 神经内科门诊患者焦虑与抑郁症状是一种普遍现象,女性多于男性,随着年龄的增大其发生率呈增加趋势,高学历人群更易患焦虑与抑郁症状.     

上海某综合性医院内科门诊患者焦虑与抑郁症状调查

目的调查综合性医院内科门诊患者的焦虑和抑郁症状的发生率及不同性别、年龄、文化程度和职业间的差异。方法采用综合性医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）在上海某三级综合性医院4个普通内科门诊按10∶1随机调查6117例患者,有效回收完整量表6104例。HADS每个亚量表评分大于等于8分即表示存在焦虑或抑郁症状。结果调查对象中焦虑和抑郁的检出率分别为9.5%（95%CI=8.8%～10.2%）和23.0%（21.9%～24.1%）。其中30岁以下、文化程度高、职业为学生或无业者的人群,焦虑检出率较高;男性、60岁及以上、文化程度低、职业为农民或学生的人群抑郁检出率较高。结论上海三级综合性医院内科门诊患者焦虑和抑郁的发生率较高,应提高识别率,给予有效的预防和干预。     

综合医院门诊患者焦虑抑郁症状的筛查研究

目的 了解综合性医疗机构门诊就诊患者的焦虑和抑郁症状。方法 采用非概率抽样方 法对中国12 个城市的19 家三级甲等医院门诊患者进行调查研究。研究时间为2017 年3— 8 月。门诊患 者使用手机接入医院免费的无线网络时收到推送的调查问卷，匿名填写患者健康问卷-9（PHQ-9）和广 泛性焦虑障碍问卷（GAD-7）。结果 32 631 例门诊患者完成PHQ-9 和GAD-7 填写。8 945 例抑郁症状筛 查阳性，阳性率为27.41%，其中70.30% 的患者同时伴有中度以上的焦虑症状。焦虑症状筛查阳性率为 38.29%，6 285 例患者抑郁症状和焦虑症状均筛查阳性，共病率达19.26%，女性筛查阳性率均略高于男 性。结论 三级甲等综合医院门诊患者抑郁、焦虑症状筛查阳性率较高，且共病情况较严重。     

急诊科住院患者抑郁、焦虑症状与生命质量的评估

目的：了解综合医院急诊科住院的躯体疾病患者抑郁、焦虑症状的检出率以及生命质量。方法：总共评估某综合医院急诊科住院的躯体疾病患者278例,意识清楚,自愿合作并完成调查,采用的调查工具包括综合医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADs）、总体健康自评问卷（GHQ-12）、健康状况调查问卷（SF-36）。结果：以HADs评分≥8分者为阳性,抑郁症状阳性者比例为29.9%（n=83）,焦虑症状阳性者比例为25.5%（n=71）;以≥11分为肯定者,肯定有抑郁症状群为12.6%（n=35）,肯定有焦虑症状群7.6%（n=21）。以GHQ-12≥4分者为划界分,可能存在心理障碍者比例为36.3%。SF-36的多个维度分值明显低于正常人群常模。多元线性回归分析显示,年龄、性别、合并有抑郁、焦虑症状、就诊次数与SF-36分值显著相关,提示抑郁焦虑症状越严重,生命质量越低。结论：综合医院的急诊科躯体疾病住院患者频繁罹患抑郁、焦虑症状,抑郁焦虑症状群影响患者生命质量。     

高龄孕产妇焦虑、抑郁症状分析

目的：探讨高龄孕产妇焦虑、抑郁症状的发生率及相应的危险因素。方法：随机选取两家妇产科医院的孕妇522名，采用综合医院焦虑和抑郁量表（HAD）、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）和自编危险因素问卷，分别评估人组时、孕38周、产后7d、产后42d和产后3个月的焦虑、抑郁症状。结果：522名中有19例高龄孕产妇。高龄孕产妇5个时点的焦虑症状发生率依次为：15.8％、11．1％、21．1％、6．7％和10．0％；孕期HAD评定的抑郁症状发生率为21．1％、11.1％，产后EPDS评定抑郁症状发生率为10.5％、28．6％和20．0％。高龄孕产妇焦虑、抑郁症状的发生率均高于非高龄孕产妇。初潮年龄和担忧孩子喂养与高龄孕产妇人组时的抑郁情绪相关，分娩时紧张状态和产后抢救与产后7d的焦虑情绪相关。结论：高龄孕产妇存在较多的焦虑和抑郁情绪，应针对其危险因素进行预防。     

成都市综合医院门诊抑郁和焦虑障碍调查

目的:调查成都市综合医院门诊患者抑郁和焦虑障碍的患病率.方法:对成都市3所综合医院神经内科、消化科、心内科及妇科门诊的1 780例就诊者使用医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)进行筛查.HADS评分≥8分者使用国际神经精神科简式访谈问卷(MINI5.0.0)进行诊断评定,最后根据美国精神障碍诊断和统计手册第四版(DSM-IV)...     

神经科门诊患者中医学无法解释的症状临床特征初步探讨

目的探讨综合医院神经科门诊医学无法解释的症状(medicallyunexplainedsymptoms,MUS)发生率、相关因素和症状特征。方法对221例神经科门诊患者进行人口学资料、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)及临床表现分析。结果MUS发生率32.6%,男、女性发生率分别为23.0%、37.4%,31～50岁发生率最高(43.8%),存在抑郁和焦虑状态者分别为27.8%和18.1%,Logistic分析显示HAMD(OR=4.045)和年龄(OR=0.730)为其关键因素;临床以神经系统相关表现为主,36.1%的MUS患者存在2个或以上症状。结论神经科门诊患者约1/3存在MUS;症状表现多样,各症状联系不紧密;MUS与性别、年龄、焦虑和抑郁状态等多种因素相关,他评量表较自评量表更加客观准确。     

综合医院住院患者焦虑与抑郁症状调查

目的：调查综合医院中住院患者焦虑抑郁症状的时点发生比率及在不同科室病种的分布情况。方法：采用综合医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)，在2003年4月的同一天对综合医院的14个科室中的320例住院患者进行调查。结果：近1／3的患者出现焦虑或抑郁负性情绪；出现焦虑症状阳性者占被调查群体的35．0％，出现抑郁症状阳性者占32．2％，内科患者无论是焦虑和抑郁分，还是出现的焦虑症状和抑郁症状，均显著高于外科患者。焦虑和抑郁症状的发生与患者的年龄密切相关，即随着年龄的增大，其发生率呈增加趋势。结论：综合医院中住院患者的焦虑、抑郁反应是值得重视的现象，应处理这些负性情绪。     

北京地区综合医院患者抑郁障碍的患病率

目的了解综合医院患者抑郁障碍(目前为抑郁发作的心境障碍)的患病率。方法由精神科护士采用抑郁症诊断筛查量表对分层抽样的北京50家综合医院顺序就诊的2877例门诊患者和2925例住院患者进行筛查,然后由精神科医师在盲法下采用美国《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第4版(DSM-IV)配套的轴Ⅰ障碍用临床定式检查患者版(SCID-I/P)》对筛查阳性和10%筛查阴性者进行半定式精神科检查,以确定最后诊断。结果综合医院患者抑郁障碍的现患率、年患病率和终生患病率分别为5.23%、5.72%和8.22%;其中重性抑郁障碍的相应患病率分别为2.94%、3.46%和5.32%。结论北京地区综合医院患者抑郁障碍总的现患率并不显著高于我国普通人群。     

山东泰安地区部分基层医院门诊患者抑郁障碍的现况调查

目的:调查山东泰安地区部分基层医院门诊患者中抑郁障碍(DD)的患病和识别情况。方法:对泰安地区9个社区和5个乡镇卫生院2011年6~7月就诊的门诊患者974例进行简明国际神经精神访谈及DD评定。结果:门诊患者DD检出率为10.2%(95%CI:8.3%~12.1%);女性、丧偶/分居/离婚、无业和内科患者DD患病风险较高;仅8.1%DD患者被正确识别。结论:基层医院门诊患者中DD患病率较高,识别率很低。     

Predictors of somatic symptoms in depressive disorder

We explored the relative contribution of potential psychological predictors of somatic symptoms in outpatients with major depressive disorder, including; 1) severity of depression; 2) general anxiety; 3) hypochondriacal worry; 4) somatosensory amplification; and, 5) alexithymia by sampling 100 consecutive outpatients with DSM-IV diagnoses of major depressive disorder attending the psychiatry clinics of general hospitals in Turkey. The subjects were rated by clinicians on depressive symptomatology (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale), and anxiety (Hamilton Anxiety Scale), and completed self-report measures of Hypochondriacal worry (7-item version of the Whiteley Index), the Somatosensory Amplification Scale, and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale. Multivariate models tested the independent contribution of each of the scales to the level of somatic symptoms as measured by a modified version of the SCL-90 somatization scale. At the bivariate level, somatic symptoms were associated with female gender and lower educational level, as well as the Hamilton Depression and Anxiety scales, the Whitely Index, and the Somatosensory Amplification and Alexithymia scales. In multiple regression models incorporating all variables, female gender and higher scores on the anxiety, somatosensory amplification and alexithymia scales all made independent contributions to the level of somatic symptoms and accounted for 54% of the variance. Therefore, somatic symptoms in depression are related to concomitant anxiety, tendency to amplify somatic distress, and difficulty identifying and communicating emotional distress. However, these factors do not account for the tendency for women to report more somatic symptoms.     

焦虑症共病抑郁症状在门诊患者中的调查研究

目的调查门诊患者中焦虑症的患病率以及共病抑郁症状的发生率。方法在我院精神科门诊、心理咨询门诊以及社区卫生服务中心内科门诊就诊的1106例患者作为研究对象，并做SAS、SDS、HAMA量表评定。结果1106例患者中，符合焦虑症诊断，且HAMA≥14分者共93例，患病率为8.41%。SDS标准分≥50共病抑郁症状的共43例，占46.23%。HAMA分值、SAS分值与SDS分值有显著性正相关。结论门诊中罹患焦虑症的患者焦虑程度越高，共病抑郁的可能性就越大。     

对综合医院神经内科门诊患者焦虑症状群及生活质量的调查

目的调查综合医院神经内科门诊患者焦虑症状群的检出率;探讨神经内科门诊伴有焦虑症状群患者的生活质量。方法使用中文版患者健康问卷(patient health questionnaire,PHQ)、焦虑症状群分量表(GAD-7)及健康状况调查问卷(the short form-36health survey,SF-36)对综合医院神经内科门诊患者进行问卷调查。对受调查患者同时进行生活质量评估,采用Pearson简单相关法对资料进行相关性分析,分析焦虑症状群与生活质量之间的相关性。结果具有焦虑症状群患者97例/306例[31.7%(95%CI:26.5%~36.9%)];具有焦虑症状群的神经内科门诊患者的SF-36各维度评分低于不伴有焦虑症状群患者;SF-36各维度评分与GAD-7评分呈负相关,具有统计学意义。结论在综合医院神经内科门诊就诊者中,焦虑症状群检出率较高;具有焦虑症状群的神经内科患者生活质量较差,尤其以精神健康状况差为显著。     

Affective and anxiety comorbidity in post-traumatic stress disorder treatment trials of sertraline

Comorbidity of mood and anxiety disorders is common in patients suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The current study evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of sertraline in a subgroup of PTSD patients suffering from anxiety or depression comorbidity. Two multicenter, 12-week, double-blind, flexible-dose US studies of adult outpatients from the general population with a DSM-III-R diagnosis of PTSD evaluated the safety and efficacy of sertraline (50 to 200 mg/d) compared to placebo in the treatment of PTSD. The total severity score of the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS-2) and the Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS) were used to examine the effect of comorbidity on treatment outcome. Among the combined 395 subjects enrolled in the two trials, 32.9% had a comorbid depressive diagnosis (no anxiety diagnosis), 6.3% had a comorbid anxiety disorder diagnosis (no depression), 11.4% had both a depression and anxiety disorder diagnosis, and 49.4% had no comorbidity. The correlation, at baseline, between Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) total score and the three CAPS-2 clusters was 0.37 for the re-experiencing/intrusion cluster, 0.52 for the avoidance/numbing cluster, and 0.45 for the hyperarousal cluster. Patients suffering from PTSD complicated by a current diagnosis of both depression and an anxiety disorder showed the highest baseline CAPS-2 cluster score severity. Patients treated with sertraline improved significantly (P <.05) compared to placebo on both the CAPS-2 and DTS whether or not they had a comorbid depressive or anxiety disorder. Sertraline was well tolerated. The presence of comorbidity was associated with a modest and mostly nonspecific increase in the side effect burden of approximately 10% to 20% on both study treatments. Patients suffering from dual depression and anxiety disorder comorbidity benefited from somewhat higher doses (147 mg v 125 mg; P =.08). Similarly, the presence of dual comorbidity resulted in a modest but nonsignificant increase in the mean time to response from 4.5 weeks to 5.5 weeks.We conclude that sertraline (50 to 200 mg/d) is effective and well tolerated in the treatment of PTSD for patients suffering from a current, comorbid depressive or anxiety disorders.     

Prevalence,correlates and recognition of depression among inpatients of general hospitals in Wuhan,China

ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence, correlates and recognition of depression among inpatients of general hospitals in Wuhan, China.MethodA total of 513 patients were randomly selected from 1923 inpatients from three general hospitals and evaluated with a Chinese version of the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-IV Axis I disorders by eight psychiatrists. Logistic regression was used to identify factors that were associated with depression.ResultsThe prevalence (95% confidence interval) of all current depressive disorders and major depressive disorder (MDD) was found to be 16.2% (13.0–19.4%) and 9.4% (6.8–11.9%), respectively. The correlates for depression include higher hospital class, divorce/being widowed/separation, low family income, chronic diseases, lack of medical insurance, dwelling in rural area, suffering from severe illness and multiple hospitalization history. None of the patients with current MDD were detected, treated or referred to psychiatric consultation.ConclusionsThe prevalence of depression among inpatients of general hospitals in Wuhan, China, was high. None of the depressive patients were recognized or treated for depression, indicating a serious neglect of depression in general hospitals. Our studies suggest an urgent need to improve clinicians' ability to detect and treat depression.