帕金森病病人的异常视网膜电图

目的探讨帕金森病（ＰＤ）病人视网膜的电生理改变，以期对ＰＤ诊断有所帮助。方法根据国际临床视觉电生理协会（ＩＳＣＥＶ）制定的标准化方案。对８２例帕金森病病人及４２名健康对照组进行视网膜电图（ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｒｅｔｉｎｏｇｒａｍ，ＥＲＧ）检查。结果（１）ＰＤ组的ＥＲＧ的ｂ波波幅比对照组低（Ｐ＜０．０１），且波形不规则。（２）ＰＤ病人ＥＲＧ的ｂ波波幅和统一帕金森病量表（ＵＰＤＲＳ）评分呈负相关（Ｐ＜０．０１）。（３）ＰＤ病人常规服药后和停药１天相比ＥＲＧ的ｂ波波幅差异不明显（Ｐ＞０．５），但ＵＰＤＲＳ评分两组差异有显著性意义（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论ＥＲＧ作为一种眼电生理检查，可客观地反映ＰＤ病人由于视网膜内多巴胺（ＤＡ）变化所致的视网膜电生理改变，且具有较好的稳定性，对ＰＤ的诊断有一定的意义。     

强迫症的临床特征

目的：探讨强迫症（ＯＣＤ）的临床表现。方法：对４０例符合ＤＳＭ－ⅣＯＣＤ诊断标准病人进行以下量表和问卷评定：强迫症量表（Ｙ－ＢＯＣＳ）,Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ抑郁量表（ＨＡＭＤ）,Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ焦虑量表（ＨＡＭＡ）,Ｍａｒｋｓ恐怖强迫量表（ＭＳＣＰＯＲ）,临床疗效总评量表（ＣＧＩ）和艾森克个性问卷（ＥＰＱ）;并对６５名正常人进行ＥＰＱ测试。结果：１５岁以前发病患者的ＭＳＣＰＯＲ的工作适应能力下降（ＷＤ）分显著高于１５岁以后发病患者;合病组病人的ＨＡＭＤ和ＥＰＱ的神经质分显著高于非合病组;洗涤／回避组的ＨＡＭＡ评分显著较高,迟缓／仪式化组的发病年龄显著较低,两组的ＭＳＣＰＯＲ的ＷＤ评分均显著高于强迫检查行为组。结论：１５岁以前发病,合病组,主要表现迟缓／仪式化或洗涤／回避症状的病人是ＯＣＤ较为严重的亚型。     

合并多器官功能衰竭的急性脑血管病患者神经内分泌的改变

本实验动态测定了急性脑血管病（ＡＣＶＤ）并发多器官功能衰竭（ＭＯＦ）患者血清生长激素（ＧＨ）、泌乳素（ＰＲＬ）、促黄体生长素（ＬＨ）、促滤泡成熟激素（ＦＳＨ）、睾酮（Ｔ）、孕酮（Ｐ）、雌二醇（Ｅ２）、皮质醇（Ｆ）和血浆促肾上腺皮质激素（ＡＣＴＨ）水平的变化，并与ＡＣＶＤ各疾病组对比。结果发现：ＧＨ、ＰＲＬ、ＡＣＴＨ、Ｆ及ＦＳＨ水平显著升高；ＡＣＶＤ并发ＭＯＦ重型患者（ＭＯＦ积分＞４分）ＰＲＬ、ＧＨ、Ｆ水平显著高于轻型患者（ＭＯＦ积分≤４分）。结果提示ＰＲＬ、ＧＨ和Ｆ可能参与了ＡＣＶＤ并ＭＯＦ的病理生理过程     

CISA在老年痴呆患者中的应用

目的：探讨中国成人智力量表（ＣＩＳＡ）在老年痴呆患者中的临床应用价值。方法：采用ＣＩＳＡ、韦氏记忆量表（ＷＭＳ）、简易智力状态检查（ＭＭＳＥ）、老年抑郁量表（ＧＤＳ）、长谷川痴呆量表（ＨＤＳ）和日常生活能力量表（ＡＤＬ）等分别用于测验老年痴呆组和正常老年组。结果：两组被试在ＣＩＳＡ各量表分、智商和因素商均有明显差异,老年痴呆组的ＣＩＳＡ各量表分与ＷＭＳ的ＭＱ、ＧＤＳ、ＨＤＳ和ＡＤＬ均有明显相关。结论：ＣＩＳＡ在应用于老年痴呆患者中具有较高的效度,能够反映患者的智力状部和智力因素的各个方面,他们学习新知识和解决问题的能力下降速度较快。     

肠易激综合征的情绪障碍及治疗

目的：观察抗抑郁药对肠易激综合征（ＩＢＳ）患者情绪障碍的疗效。方法：分别对２８例健康人和２８例ＩＢＳ患者进行Ｚｕｎｇ’ｓ抑郁自评量表（ＳＤＳ）和焦虑自评量表（ＳＡＳ）评分;用选择性５－羟色胺再摄取抑制剂（ＳＳＲＩ）类药的盐酸氟西汀（百忧解）和帕罗西丁（赛乐特）治疗 ２８例,疗程 ８周,治疗后再进行上述量表评分。结果： ＩＢＳ患者和正常人 ＳＤＳ、ＳＡＳ量表评分对比,显示 ＩＢＳ患者的精神状态与正常人之间存在显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．００１）;ＩＢＳ患者经抗抑郁药治疗８周后,躯体症状明显好转,作上述量表评分,其精神症状亦明显改善（Ｐ＜０．００１）。结论：提示ＩＢＳ患者普遍存在抑郁和焦虑情绪,用抗抑郁药治疗ＩＢＳ能显著改善患者精神和躯体方面的症状。     

慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染患者焦虑、抑郁与C-erbB-2P185癌基因蛋白表达

目的探讨焦虑、抑郁不良情绪与慢性乙型肝炎发展和转归的关系。方法采用ＬＳＡＢ免疫组化和ＥＬＩＳＡ方法，检测５２例慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染者的肝细胞ＣｅｒｂＢ２Ｐ１８５癌基因蛋白及血清ＨＢｅＡｇ，同时进行焦虑自评量表（ＳＡＳ）和抑郁自评量表（ＳＤＳ）调查，并与国内常模对照。结果显示ＣｅｒｂＢ２Ｐ１８５癌基因蛋白阳性患者ＳＡＳ和ＳＤＳ总标准分均值升高，分别为４４±６和４９±１０，并差异有非常显著性，（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论提示焦虑、抑郁情绪可能对慢性乙型肝炎的发生、发展起作用。     

载脂蛋白E与脑动脉硬化症

本文观察７８例脑动脉硬化症患者与对照组４４例，对其血清载脂蛋白Ｅ（ＡＰＯＥ）和高密度脂蛋白（ＨＤＬ－Ｃ）、低密度脂蛋白（ＬＤＬ－Ｃ）、胆固醇（ＴＣ）、甘油三脂（ＴＧ）、载脂蛋白ＡＩ（ＡＰＯＡＩ）、载脂蛋白Ｂ（１００）（ＡＰＯＢ（１００））进行含量测定，并将ＡＰＯＥ与ＨＤＬ－Ｃ、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ、ＴＣ、ＴＧ、ＡＰＯＡＩ、ＡＰＯＢ（１００）逐一进行相关比较，结果发现：脑动脉硬化症病人（ＣＡＳ）血清ＡＰＯＥ、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ、ＴＣ、ＴＧ、ＡＰＯＢ（１００）明显高于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＨＤＬ－Ｃ显著低于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＡＰＯＡＩ无明显变化（Ｐ＞０．０５），且ＡＰＯＥ与ＨＤＬ－Ｃ呈负相关；与ＬＤＬ－Ｃ、ＴＣ、ＴＧ、ＡＰＯＢ（１００）呈正相关；与ＡＰＯＡＩ无直线相关关系。提示ＡＰＯＥ可做为诊断脑动脉硬化症的重要指标。     

曲唑酮与阿米替林治疗抑郁症的对照观察

为比较曲唑酮与阿米替林治疗抑郁症的疗效和副反应，将符合ＣＣＭＤ—３抑郁症诊断标准的患随机分为两组，分别给予曲唑酮和阿米替林治疗，并于治疗前及治疗后第１、２、４、６周分别用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（ＨＡＭＤ）、临床疗效总评量表（ＣＧＬ－ＳＩ）及副反应量表（ＴＥＳＳ）评定。结果，曲唑酮组显效率６２．５％，总有效率为８７．５％；阿米替林组分别为５７．２％和８６．７％。ＨＡＭＤ评分两组间疗效无显差（Ｐ＞０．０５）。不良反应：曲唑酮表现为镇静，阿米替林为抗胆碱能症状。结论：曲唑酮是一种疗效与阿米替林相当，而副作用较轻的抗抑郁药。     

左旋千金藤啶碱治疗精神分裂症初步探讨

目的 探讨国产多巴胺阻滞剂－－克旋千金藤啶碱（Ｌ－ＳＰＤ）治疗精神分裂症的疗产及副作用。方法 对１３例符合ＣＣＭＤ－２－Ｒ诊断标准长期住院的精神分裂症患者,且此药治疗８周以上,用临床大体评定量表（ＧＡＳ）、临床大体印象量表（）ＣＧＩ＿ＧＩ）评定疗效,用副反应量表（ＴＥＳＳ）评定副反应。结果 ＧＡＳ量表分值明显提高,有效率为６９．２％。结论 Ｌ－ＳＰＤ对精神分裂症有一;定疗效,它可能成为唯一国产的抗     

椎基底动脉供血不足患者的脑干听觉诱发电位与经颅多普勒检查

目的：探讨椎基底动脉供血不足（ＶＢＩ）患者的脑干听觉诱发电位（ＢＡＥＰ）与经颅多普勒（ＴＣＤ）的相关性。方法：地５８例临床诊断ＶＢＩ眩晕的患者及３０例非ＶＢＩ眩晕的患者进行ＢＡＥＰ和ＴＣＤ检测。结果：ＶＢＩ组ＢＡＥＰ异常率为５９％,ＴＣＤ异常率为６１５,χ＾２检验差异无显著意义;非ＶＢＩ组ＢＡＥＰ异常率８％,ＴＣＤ异常率为４７％,χ＾２检验差异有显著意义。ＶＢＩ组ＢＡＥＰ及ＴＣＤ皆异常者为６４／１     

Prediction of postpartum depression by sociodemographic, obstetric and psychological factors: a prospective study

Aim:  Many studies have documented serious effects of postpartum depression. This prospective study sought to determine predictive factors for postpartum depression.
Methods:  Pregnant women ( n  = 239) were enrolled before 24 weeks in their pregnancy. At 6 weeks postpartum, 30 women who had postpartum depression and 30 non-depressed mothers were selected. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) Marital Satisfaction Scale (MSS), and the Childcare Stress Inventory (CSI) were administered to all 60 mothers at 24 weeks pregnancy, 1 week postpartum, and 6 weeks postpartum.
Results:  The differences in most of the diverse sociodemographic and obstetric factors assessed were not statistically significant. There were significant differences in MSS scores at 24 weeks pregnancy ( P  = 0.003), and EPDS ( P  < 0.001; P  = 0.002), BDI ( P  = 0.001; P  = 0.031), and BAI ( P  < 0.001; P  < 0.001) at both 24 weeks pregnant and 1 week postpartum, while there was no significant difference in the RSES scores at 24 weeks pregnant ( P  = 0.065). A logistic regression analysis was performed on the following factors: 'depressive symptoms immediately after delivery' (EPDS and BDI at 1 week postpartum), 'anxiety' (BAI prepartum), 'stress factors from relationships' (MSS prepartum and CSI at 1 week postpartum) or 'self-esteem' (RSES prepartum). When these four factors were added individually to a model of the prepartum depressive symptoms (EPDS and BDI prepartum), no additional effect was found.
Conclusions:  The optimum psychological predictor is prepartum depression, and other psychological measures appear to bring no significant additional predictive power.     

流产后抑郁障碍调查

目的：主要调查香港地区中国妇女流产后精神疾病的患病率。方法：对282名妇女在流产后6周用30项一般健康问卷（GHQ）、Edinburgh产后抑郁量表（EPDS）和Beck抑郁量表（BDI）进行评定,以DSM－Ⅲ-R定式检查（SCID）建立诊断,检验GHQ、EPDS与DSM－Ⅲ-R诊断间效标效度,以及和BDI间的平行效度。结果：29名妇女（10．3％）符合DSM-Ⅳ-R重症抑郁诊断,GHQ、EPDS具有良好的效标效度和平行效度。结论：中国香港妇女流产后精神障碍患病率降低,EPDS、GHQ适合用于综合性医院中流产后抑郁障碍的筛查。     

产后抑郁的有关心理、社会和生物学因素研究

目的调查产后抑郁的发生率以及相关的生物、心理、社会因素。方法对299名产妇在产后第3天用Edinburgh产后抑郁量表(EPDS)进行评定，并收集有关的心理社会因素以及产科因素。其中的117名完成产后第42天的EPDS评定。结果产后抑郁的发生率为23.08%，家庭支持等心理社会因素和产后抑郁密切相关。结论产后抑郁的发生具有一定的社会和心理因素。     

An international study exploring levels of postpartum depressive symptomatology

OBJECTIVE: Differences in postpartum depressive symptomatology (PPDS) among an international sample of 892 women from nine countries representing five continents were explored. METHOD: Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were used to assess PPDS among a convenience sample that completed the two questionnaires twice, yielding a total of four sets of scores per subject. Women sampled were primiparae with no obstetrical complications, and had a healthy baby. Depression history and therapy were ruled out as exclusion criteria. RESULTS: Mean scores for EPDS and BDI varied across sites at both time points (P value<.001). European and Australian women had the lowest levels of PPDS, USA women fell at the midpoint, and women from Asia and South America had the highest depressive symptom scores. The moderate concordance between the EPDS and BDI suggested that the measures have complementary uses for screening and assessment. CONCLUSION: Utility of EPDS and BDI for yielding profiles of postpartum women's depressive symptomatology was demonstrated. Further research to validate depressive symptom measures with diverse international populations is indicated.     

Prevalence of postnatal depression in Western Nigerian women: a controlled study

Objective The objective of this study is to compare the prevalence of depression in postpartum women and that of non-postpartum women. Method A total of 876 women recruited at 6 weeks postpartum and 900 matched non-postpartum women were administered the Beck's Depressive Inventory (BDI) and translated local version of the EPDS. Psychiatric diagnosis was made using the using the modified non-patient version of Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID-NP). Results Depressive disorder was diagnosed in 128 (14.6%) of the postpartum women and in 55 (6.3%) of the non-postpartum women, and the difference was found to be significant (t=8.919, df=875, P<0.001). The postpartum women had higher EPDS and BDI scores than the non-postpartum women. The EPDS correlated well with the SCID-NP diagnosis with a Spearman's correlation of 0.600 (P<0.001) and with the BDI score with a Spearman's correlation of 0.461 (P<0.001). The sensitivity of the EPDS at cut-off score of 8/9 was 94% and specificity was 97%. Conclusion The prevalence of postnatal depression in Nigeria is comparable to that of the western world and the Yoruba version of EPDS is a valid instrument for screening postnatal women for depressive disorders in a Nigerian community.     

Detecting women at risk for postnatal depression using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale at 2 to 3 days postpartum.

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the capacity of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) implemented in the first days postpartum to detect women who will suffer from postnatal depression. METHOD: A sample of 1154 women completed the EPDS at 2 to 3 days postpartum and again at 4 to 6 weeks postpartum. RESULTS: There was a highly significant positive correlation between EPDS scores on both occasions (Spearman rank correlation: r = 0.59, P < 0.0001). The cut-off scores of 10 and 11 for EPDS administered at 2 to 3 days obtained good specificity, sensitivity, and positive predictive values for the cut off scores proposed for the diagnosis of postnatal depression at 4 to 6 weeks postpartum. CONCLUSION: The EPDS completed at 2 to 3 days postpartum is a useful means of detecting women at risk of postnatal depression.     

A study of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) on 859 mothers: detection of mothers at risk for postpartum depression

The postpartum is a high-risk period for the occurrence of anxious and depressive episodes. Indeed, during the first few days after delivery, mothers can present postpartum blues symptomatology: fatigue, anxiety, disordered sleeping and a changing mood. Postpartum depression is characterised by a changing mood, anxiety, irritability, depression, panic and obsessional phenomena. It occurs in approximately 10 to 20% mothers. The exact prevalence depending on the criteria used for detection. The first symptoms usually appear between the fourth and sixth week postpartum. However, postpartum depression can start from the moment of birth, or may result from depression evolving continuously since pregnancy. We can add that the intensity of postpartum blues is a risk factor that can perturb maternal development. So it is important for health professionals to dispose of predictive tools. This study is a validation of the French version of the EPDS. The aims of the study were to evaluate the postpartum depression predictive value at 3 days postpartum and to determine a cut-off score for major depression. Subjects participating in this study were met in 3 obstetrical clinics in, or in the vicinity of, Toulouse. Mothers with psychological problems, under treatment for psychological problems or mothers whose babies present serious health problems were excluded from the study. The EPDS was presented to 859 mothers (mean age=30.3; SD=4.5) met at one of the clinics at 3 days postpartum (period 1). They had an EPDS mean score of 6.4 (SD=4.6); 258 (30%) mothers had an EPDS score 9. 82.6% of these mothers experienced a natural childbirth and 17.3% a caesarean section; 51.5% gave birth to their first child, 36.2% to their second child and 12.3% to their third or more. All subjects were given a second EPDS with written instructions to complete the scale during the period 4 to 6 weeks postpartum and return it for analysis (period 2). Between the 4 to 6 weeks postpartum period, 722 mothers replied again to the EPDS. 131 mothers had an EPDS score 11 (mean age=30.3; SD=4.8). They had an EPDS mean score of 13.6 (SD=3.3). Mothers with probable depression were interviewed and assessed, using the Mini (Mini Neuropsychiatric Interview, Lecrubier et al. 1997), the SIGH-D (Structured Interview Guide for the Hamilton Depression Scale) and the BDI (Beck Depression Inventory) in order to diagnose a major depressive episode. They had a HDRS mean score of 13.7 (SD=5.1) and a BDI mean score of 13.6 (SD=5). At 3 days postpartum, we observed that 258 mothers (30%) had an EPDS scores 9 and 164 mothers (19%) had an EPDS scores 11. Between 4 and 6 weeks postpartum, we observed 18.1% of postpartum depression (EPDS 11) and 16.8% (EPDS 12) of major postpartum depression. The analysis of the sensitivity and the specificity at 3 days postpartum provides a cut-off score of 9 (Sensibility: 0.88) (Specificity: 0.50) as predictive of postpartum depression, for this cut-off score, the type I error is low (5.8%) but the type II error is more higher (18.9%). The analysis of the sensitivity and the specificity between 4 and 6 weeks postpartum provides a cut-off score of 12 (Sensibility: 0.91) (Sensibility: 0.74) for the detection of major postpartum depression. Factor analysis shows at 3 days postpartum that the internal structure of the scale is composed of two subscales. The first factor F1 "anxiety" accounts 28% of the variance and the second factor F2 "depression" accounts 20% of the variance. Between 4 and 6 weeks postpartum, factor analysis suggests an unidimensional model in the evaluation of postpartum depression which is better than a two factor model. This factor accounts 40% of the variance. The scale has a good predictive value, and we can observe a significant correlation with the EPDS periods 1 and 2 (r=0.56; p<0.05). This result shows that the depressive mothers mood intensity predicts a future depressive risk. Furthermore, correlations between EPDS and BDI (r=0.68; p<0.05) and EPDS and HDRS (r=0.67; p<0.05) show a good convergent validity. The reliability study confirms the good internal consistency of the EPDS, at 3 days postpartum and in the postpartum depression -symptomatology evaluation (Cronbach's Alpha>0.80). In conclusion, this scale demonstrates good validity and is fast and easy use in obstetrical services, allowing early detection of women who risk to develop postpartum depression and, in the first week of postpartum, of mothers who suffer from a major postpartum depression. The use of the EPDS for an early screening of the risk of postnatal depression which is essential considering the consequences that postnatal depression can have on the development of the infant, on the quality of the relationship within the couple and on other social relationships. Mothers at risk for postnatal depression should be controlled and surveyed by the health professionals in obstetrical clinics.     

自主神经功能与产后抑郁的相关性分析

目的探讨妊娠期自主神经功能对产后抑郁的影响及相关性。方法以2015-06—2016-06在我院产科门诊建立产检保健卡的257例妊娠期妇女为研究对象进行前瞻性研究,所有妊娠妇女于妊娠12周内进行早期自主神经系统功能检查,并于产后42d给予爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)进行产后抑郁评估,根据是否发生产后抑郁进行分组,并对临床资料和早期自主神经功能检测结果进行比较分析。结果 257例产妇中EPDS≥13分者39例(抑郁组),EPDS13分者218例(正常组),产后抑郁发生率为15.18%,组间比较,抑郁组与正常组在是否首胎、分娩方式、孕周方面差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);抑郁组SDNN、LF/HF比值明显低于正常组,而压力指数相比正常组明显增高(P0.05);SDNN与产后抑郁呈负相关,压力指数与产后抑郁呈正相关(P0.05)。结论妊娠早期进行常规自主神经功能检查对于筛查和干预产后抑郁有一定的指导作用。     

产后抑郁症与社会心理因素

目的：经前不适、社会支持和心理应激对产后抑郁症发生的影响。方法：对88例产妇评定Edinburgh产后抑郁量表（EPDS）、社会支持评定量表（SSRS）、艾森克人格问卷（EPQ）。结果：产后抑郁症发生率为17％；产后抑郁症的既往经前不适率比正常对照组的明显为高；EPDS总分与SSRS的客观支持呈显著负相关性；产后抑郁症的住房拥挤率比正常对照组明显为低。结论：有经前不适史的产妇易感产后抑郁症；产后抑郁症病人感到客观支持减少是抑郁的结果；产妇在小家庭受到的照顾不如大家庭周到。     

Screening and intervention for depressive mothers of new-born infants]

BACKGROUND AND THE AIM OF THE STUDY: Postnatal depression is a key concept for mother-infant mental health. Evidence of its impact on mother-infant relationship has been increasingly demonstrated in recent years. Therefore optimal intervention is important for women and their babies' mental health. Identifying risk factors of postnatal depression and developing screening system are needed. Study I Hospital-based prospective study--onset and course of Postnatal depression and developing screening system. SAMPLING AND METHOD: One hundred and one consecutive admitted women on maternity ward in our university hospital were invited to the study and 88 mothers participated. Present psychiatric status was assessed by telephone interview at three weeks and three months postnatally, using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia and diagnosis was made based on Research Diagnostic Criteria. The Maternity Blues Scale and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) were also administered at the 5th day, one and three months postnatally. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: At 3 weeks, 21 of the 88 mothers (24%) were categorized as having had Maternity blues, and twelve (14%) were diagnosed as depression cases. At 3 months postpartum overall 15 of 88 mothers (17%) were categorized as depression cases. Ten out of total 15 mothers had their onset of depression within the first week. There were no differences in age, parity, educational level, social class compared to non-depressed mothers. The scores of the Blues and the EPDS were always significantly higher in depressed mothers. The Blues scale score was significantly higher in the depressed mothers compared to the control mothers at any timing of investigation. Even at the fifth postnatal day, 11 of 15 mothers who subsequently became clinical depression had already scored 9 or more, which is indicative of postnatal depression, this means postnatal depression could be detected from the very early postpartum period. As for the validity test of the EPDS, having set a cut-off point being 9 or more, the sensitivity was 82% and the specificity were 95% respectively. This score is the same as Okano reported in Japan and lower than many studies in Western countries. Study II Multi-centre prospective study of early postpartum mood states. SAMPLING AND METHODS: Fourteen obstetric wards in teaching hospitals participated in the study, and there, recruitment in each ward continued until 20 post-natal women had agreed to participate. Two hundred twenty six patients (89.7%) completed the study. During the first 5 days Maternity blues scale, and the EPDS on the 5th postnatal day, and one month postnatally the EPDS again were given to the mothers. The EPDS score of 9 or more was regarded as a probable case of postnatal depression. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Seventy-nine out of the 226 patients (35%) had maternity blues. Forty six out of the 226 patients (20%) had postnatal depression (EPDS being 9 or more) at one month postnatally. There was a significant correlation between the EPDS scores on the 5th postnatal day and those at one month. Having maternity blues and higher than 9 or more of the EPDS score were significantly related to the EPDS scores of 9 or more at one month postnatally. (odds's ratio = 4.4 and 13 respectively). Dysphoria on 5 day was significantly related to history of pregnancy loss, Caesarean section, Maternal and neonatal complications and Maternity blues. Dysphoria on one month was only related to Maternal complication. CONCLUSIONS: The onset of postnatal depression can be within the first week after delivery. The use of the EPDS during the first week is a simple and useful screening for early onset case. Maternal complications and related medical factors might be the risk factors of mood disturbance during early postnatal period.