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1.
目的探索男性青少年暴力攻击行为的神经生理学和神经心理学基础。方法以75例有官方暴力型违法乱纪记录的青少年为研究组,以41名某职业高中学生为对照组,对两组测评脑诱发电位[听觉脑干反应(ABR)、体感诱发电位(SEP)和P300]及威斯康星卡片分类测验(WCST),并比较两组的异同。结果(1)与对照组相比,研究组ABR波Ⅰ和波Ⅲ潜伏期短,波Ⅴ潜伏期长,波Ⅲ波幅低;P300靶P3波潜伏期长,非靶P2波波幅高;SEP的N2波潜伏期短,P2波波幅高(P〈0.05~0.01)。(2)与对照组比较,研究组WCST总反应数、持续错误数、随机错误数多,击中率(正确反应数/总反应数)低(P〈0.01)。(3)ABR、P300和SEP与WCST的相关分析,ABR波Ⅲ波幅与击中率呈正相关(r=0.22),P瑚波P,潜伏期与击中率呈负相关(r=-0.25)、与持续错误数呈正相关(r=0.24),SEP波P:波幅与正确反应数(r=-0.25)、击中率(r=-0.24)、完成分类(r=-0.25)均呈负相关;均P〈0.05。结论有暴力攻击行为的男性青少年对外周刺激的感觉和认知加工过程异常,执行认知功能降低。  相似文献   

2.
目的探讨躯体形式障碍患者认知功能的影响因素。方法收集符合《精神障碍诊断与统计手册(第4版)》(DSM-IV)"躯体形式障碍"诊断标准的患者120例(研究组)及其一般人口学资料,并对患者进行瑞文标准推理测验(RSPM)、数字广度(DSP)与数字符号(DSY)测验以评估其认知功能,同时进行事件相关电位P300检测和艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)测试。选取60例正常健康者作为对照组。结果研究组的瑞文推理分数、数字广度分数、数字符号分数均低于对照组;N1、P2、P3潜伏期较对照组延长,N1N2、N2P2、P2P3波幅低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05或0.01)。性别与RSPM、DSY呈正相关(r=0.452、0.369,P0.01);年龄、EPQ神经质因子均与RSPM、DSP、DSY呈负相关;受教育程度、婚姻状况、N2潜伏期、P2P3波幅均与DSP呈正相关(r=0.302~0.481,P0.01);经济状况、N1潜伏期均与RSPM、DSP、DSY呈正相关;家庭关系、EPQ精神质因子均与DSP、DSY呈负相关;心理因素、病程及疾病亚型与认知功能无相关性;EPQ内外向因子、N1N2波幅均与RSPM、DSP呈负相关;EPQ人格说谎因子与RSPM、DSY呈负相关(r=-0.570、-0.195,P0.05或0.01);P2潜伏期与DSY呈正相关(r=0.261,P0.05);P3潜伏期与DSP呈负相关(r=-0.237,P0.05);N2P2波幅与RSPM、DSP负相关(r=-0.220、-0.293,P0.05或0.01)。结论躯体形式障碍患者认知功能的影响因素包括性别、年龄、受教育程度、婚姻状况、经济状况、家庭关状况系、人格特质、P300电位,而心理因素、病程、疾病亚型对认知功能没有影响。  相似文献   

3.
目的:探讨无抽搐电休克治疗(MECT)对抑郁症患者视觉P300的影响. 方法:首发抑郁症患者(抑郁症组)40例和正常对照组40名.正常对照只行视觉P300检测,抑郁症组在MECT前后行视觉P300检测及HAMD评分;两组间进行P300指标比较及对抑郁症组MECT前后视觉P300与HAMD评分进行相关分析. 结果:与正常对照组比较,治疗前抑郁症组N2、P3潜伏期延长(t=3.36,8.38;P<0.01),P3波幅降低(t=2.68,P<0.01);治疗后抑郁症组N2、P3潜伏期较治疗前显著缩短(=2.01,2.98;P <0.01).相关分析显示,HAMD评分与N2、P3潜伏期治疗前(r=0.89,0.88)和治疗后(r=0.85,0.80)均呈高度正相关(P均<0.01);与N2、P3波幅治疗前(r=-0.13,-0.16)和治疗后(r=-0.18,-0.23)呈微弱负相关(P均>0.05). 结论:MECT可改善首发抑郁症患者视觉P300的各项指标.  相似文献   

4.
目的 探讨长期住院的男性精神分裂症患者认知功能的变化与事件相关电位P300的关系.方法入组长期住院男性精神分裂症患者82例和健康对照52人.采用美国Nicolet Viking Quste诱发电位仪记录事件相关电位P300的潜伏期和波幅.采用动物命名测验、范畴流畅性测验、数字划消测验、连线测验(TMT-A、TMT-B)、Stroop测验(单词、颜色、色词干扰测验)、木块图测验、WMS-Ⅲ空间广度测验评估认知功能.结果患者组各项认知功能测验成绩与对照组之间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01).患者组事件相关电位P300潜伏期较对照组明显延长(t=22.990,P<0.01),波幅较对照组明显降低(t=-9.699,P<0.01).患者组事件相关电位P300潜伏期与数字划消测验及TMT-A呈正相关(r=0.481,P<0.01;r=0.245,P<0.05).事件相关电位P300波幅与数字划消测验呈负相关(r=-0.338,P<0.01).结论长期住院男性精神分裂症患者虽处于稳定期,但仍存在认知功能的损害.事件相关电位P300的潜伏期和波幅可能是精神分裂症认知功能的电生理指标,并与患者的认知量表评估结果之间存在相关性.  相似文献   

5.
目的:探讨双相障碍抑郁发作患者认知功能损害和听觉P300变化的关系。方法:采用重复性神经心理状态测验(RBANS)及听觉诱发电位检测方法对43例首次发病未服药的双相障碍抑郁发作患者(病例组)及45名健康志愿者(对照组)进行认知功能及P300指标检测;结果进行组间比较和分析。采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评估病例组患者的临床症状;采用相关性及多元线性逐步回归分析患者认知功能损害和听觉P300变化的关系。结果:两组RBANS各因子分及总分差异具有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。病例组P300潜伏期显著长于对照组,波幅显著低于对照组(P均<0.01)。相关性分析显示病例组P300潜伏期与RBANS注意因子分和总分呈负相关(r=-0.42,P=0.006;r=-0.32,P=0.034);P300波幅与RBANS即刻记忆因子分呈正相关(r=0.34,P=0.026)。多元线性逐步回归分析显示RBANS总分与P300潜伏期呈负相关(t=-2.76,P=0.009)。结论:双相障碍抑郁发作患者P300指标异常可反映其认知功能损害程度。  相似文献   

6.
目的研究首发精神分裂症患者血清同型半胱氨酸(Homocysteine,Hcy)与事件相关电位P300和临床症状之间的关系。方法采用丹麦KeyPointV2.12脑电生理仪对42例首发精神分裂症患者及28名正常对照进行P300测查,高效液相色谱法测定血清同型半胱氨酸浓度,阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)评定患者的临床症状。结果患者组血清Hcy水平高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。与对照组比较,患者组P300波幅在Fz点降低(P0.01)。相关分析显示,患者组血清Hcy水平与Fz点的P300波幅呈负相关(r=-0.37,P0.05),而与Pz点的P300潜伏期呈正相关(r=0.34,P0.05);患者组血清Hcy水平与PANSS阴性症状分呈正相关(r=0.49,P0.01);患者组PANSS阴性症状分与Fz点的P300波幅呈负相关(r=-0.39,P0.05)。结论首发精神分裂症患者血清Hcy水平升高,Hcy代谢失衡与精神分裂症的认知功能损害有关。  相似文献   

7.
目的:探讨躯体形式障碍患者的认知功能状况及其与P300的关系. 方法:对120例躯体形式障碍患者及60例正常对照组分别进行P300检测和瑞文标准推理测验、数字广度与数字符号测验,并对结果进行比较. 结果:躯体形式障碍组的瑞文推理、数字广度、数字符号分数均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);N1、P2、P3潜伏期较对照组延长,N1N2、N2P2、P2P3波幅低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05);瑞文推理分数与N1潜伏期正相关;数字广度分数与P2潜伏期、N2潜伏期正相关,与N1N2波幅负相关;数字符号分数与N1N2波幅、P2P3波幅正相关,与N2P3波幅负相关. 结论:躯体形式障碍患者的认知功能缺陷范围较广,不同的P300成分可能反映躯体形式障碍不同类型的认知功能损害.  相似文献   

8.
目的 探讨康复期男性海洛因依赖患者(MPHD)神经心理学测验成绩与视觉诱发电位P300(VEP-P300)的关系.方法 采用韦氏记忆量表(WMS)、威斯康星卡片分类测验一改良版(M-WCST),对38例康复期MPHD(MPHD组)及14名健康对照(对照组)进行神经心理学评估,并于1周内检测受试者前额区(Fz)、中央区(Cz)及顶区(Pz)的VEP-P300.结果 (1)M-WCST评分:MPHD组卡片分类正确数、正确分类数、随机错误数均少于对照组(P<0.01),错误数和持续错误数多于对照组(均P<0.01).(2)WMS评分:除数字顺序累加因子,MPHD组的记忆商数(MQ)及各因子分均低于对照组(P<0.05~P<0.01).(3)VEP-P300检测:MPHD组与对照组各指标的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).(4)Pearson相关分析:在Fz点,波幅与WMS数字顺序1-100呈正相关(r=0.321),潜伏期与数字顺序1-100(r=-0.325)、图片回忆呈负相关(r=-0.449),均P<0.05~0.01.在Cz点,潜伏期与M-WCST分类正确数(r=-0.388)、数字顺序1-100(r=-0.386)呈负相关,与分类错误总数呈正相关(r=0.388),均P<0.05.在Pz点,波幅与数字顺序1-100(r=0.357)、数字顺序100-1(r=0.374)、触觉记忆(r=0.370)、MQ(r=0.322)呈正相关,均P<0.05;潜伏期与M-WCST分类正确数(r=-0.377)、图片回忆(r=-0.364)呈负相关,与M-WCST分类错误总数呈正相关(r=0.377),均P<0.05.结论 康复期的MPHD仍存在明显的认知功能损害,VEP-P300与神经心理学测验成绩存在较为密切的关系.  相似文献   

9.
目的探讨癫患者事件相关电位(ERP)和血浆单胺类神经递质水平的改变及其相关性。方法对50例癫患者进行ERP和血浆去甲肾上腺素(NE)、多巴胺(DA)和5-羟色胺(5-HT)水平检测,并与正常对照组比较。结果与正常对照组比较,癫组ERP的N2、P3波潜伏期延长,P3波幅明显降低(均P<0.01),血浆NE、DA和5-HT水平显著降低(均P<0.01)。癫组ERP的P3波潜伏期与血浆NE、DA和5-HT水平呈负相关(r=-0.33,r=-0.41,r=-0.46,均P<0.01),P3波幅与其呈正相关(r=0.32,r=0.39,r=0.48,均P<0.01)。结论癫患者有ERP异常和血浆单胺类神经递质水平降低;并且ERP异常程度与血浆单胺类神经递质水平相关。  相似文献   

10.
目的:探讨伴药源性肥胖精神分裂症患者事件相关电位P300特征、血清脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)水平及胰岛素抵抗的状况。方法:对伴药源性肥胖的精神分裂症患者32例(肥胖组)、不伴药源性肥胖的精神分裂症患者47例(非肥胖组)及正常人42名(正常组)。以事件相关电位P300评价其认知功能,酶免疫法测定血清BDNF水平,常规检测血脂及胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)。结果:肥胖组P300潜伏期较非肥胖组和正常组延长(P均0. 01),非肥胖组P300潜伏期也较正常组延长(P 0. 01);肥胖组P300波幅较非肥胖组和正常组下降(P均0. 01),非肥胖组P300波幅也较正常组下降(P 0. 01);肥胖组、非肥胖组及正常组之间血清BDNF水平差异无统计学意义(F=1. 81,P0. 05);肥胖组HOMA-IR高于非肥胖组及正常组(均P 0. 01);精神分裂症患者中P300潜伏期与HOMA-IR呈正相关(r=0. 34,P 0. 01),P300波幅与HOMA-IR呈负相关(r=-0. 29,P 0. 05)。结论:伴药源性肥胖的精神分裂症有更明显的认知功能缺陷,并与BDNF无关;胰岛素抵抗可能参与了药源性肥胖相关认知损害的病理生理过程。  相似文献   

11.
目的:研究癫(EP)患者认知功能的特点及其影响因素。方法:采用听觉词语测验、逻辑记忆测验、数字符号转换测验、Stoop字色干扰测验、连线测验、言语流畅性测验、Rey-Osterrieth复杂图片测验及Boston命名测验对166例EP患者进行认知评定。结果:EP患者存在广泛的认知损害,包括言语记忆、情景记忆、视觉空间结构记忆、词语学习能力、注意力、抗干扰能力、精神运动速度及言语命名功能等方面,以词语延迟回忆、注意力及精神运动速度损害最为明显。而未经药物干预的新诊断EP患者已存在除视觉空间记忆、注意力及抗干扰能力外的上述认知功能的损害,以词语延迟回忆最为明显。随访病例与新诊断病例的区别在于,前者在抗干扰能力及精神运动速度方面损害更明显。结论:新诊断EP组以及随访EP组病例在多项神经心理学测验中得分均低于正常对照组,两组之间差异有统计学意义。  相似文献   

12.
帕金森病患者额叶认知功能和事件相关电位相关性研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的:探讨事件相关电位(P300)和额叶认知测试对帕金森病患者认知障碍评价的意义。方法:对31例非痴呆非抑郁帕金森病患者和25例年龄、性别、受教育程度相匹配的正常对照进行P300检测,同时采用词语流畅性、连线测验、Stroop字色干扰测验对病例组和对照组分别进行测试。结果:病例组与对照组比较:额叶认知功能评分较差,P300潜伏期延长(P<0.05),波幅下降;P300潜伏期与额叶认知功能障碍程度呈正相关。结论:非痴呆非抑郁帕金森病患者存在认知功能障碍。这种障碍可能是额叶功能受损后的表现。  相似文献   

13.
An attention-related, negative component can be detected between the N100 peak and 200 ms after stimulus by subtracting event-related potentials (ERPs) elicited to background tones when subjects ignore tones, from ERPs elicited to background tones when subjects attend to tones to detect target tones in an oddball paradigm. To clarify the cognitive significance of this component in schizophrenia, we examined the correlations of 24 patients between the amplitude and latency of the negative component and results obtained using neuropsychological measurement methods, including the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, the Trail Making Test, the Verbal Fluency Test and some subtests from the Wechsler Memory Scale. The latency prolongation of the negative component correlated positively with the difference in performance time between parts A and B of the Trail Making Test, which estimates set shift, a frontal-lobe executive function, but not with any other neuropsychological measurements, while the amplitude showed no such correlation. These results suggest that the latency prolongation of the attention-related, negative component induced in an auditory oddball paradigm may serve as an index for frontal dysfunction in schizophrenia.  相似文献   

14.
目的:研究癫患者认知功能的影响因素。方法:对166例癫患者进行认知评定。认知评定工具:听觉词语测验、逻辑记忆测验、数字符号转换测验、Stoop字色干扰测验、连线测验、言语流畅性测验、Rey-Osterrieth复杂图片测验及Boston命名测验。影响因素与认知功能评分之间采用一元线性相关及多元逐步回归分析。结果:患者年龄、性别、文化程度、起病年龄、病程、发作频率、发作持续时间、全身强直阵挛发作(GTCS)、复杂部分性发作(CPS)及抗癫药物数量与患者的认知功能有相关性。结论:癫患者的起病年龄与其认知损害成正比,病程越长对癫患者的认知损害越明显,原发或继发全身性强直阵挛发作与言语功能损害、复杂部分性发作与言语记忆损害之间的关系密切,用药种类与记忆、注意力以及精神运动能力的损害有关。  相似文献   

15.
健康成人大脑认知功能的性别和年龄差异   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
目的:采用神经心理检测工具对健康成人的认知功能进行更衣室并比较其性别和年龄差异。方法:对年龄在16-72岁的健康成人(156例,男性64例、女性92例)进行神经心理测验,包括部分WAIS智力测验项目,WMS逻辑记忆和视觉记忆测验,STROOP测验,词汇流畅性,连线测验A、B,汉诺塔测验,威斯康星卡片分类测验改良版(M-WCST)。结果:男性在WAIS智力测验项目、汉诺塔TOH测验中成绩优于女性;随龄增长,除知识以外的大多数认知功能均下降。结论:健康成人的认知功能存在着性别和年龄差异。  相似文献   

16.
Among older persons, the effects of light to moderate alcohol consumption on cognitive function remain inadequately defined. The authors sought to determine whether light to moderate drinking is associated with better cognitive function among older men. Participants included men aged 65 years or older enrolled in a Veteran's Administration (VA) primary care clinic. Current (past 1 year) and lifetime use, cognitive functioning (as determined by the Trail Making Part B, Symbol Digit, FAS, and Hopkins Verbal Learning tests), and demographic, psychosocial, and medical status were obtained using standardized methods. Participants (N = 760) had a mean age of 74 (range, 65-89) years. Current drinkers (n = 509) as compared with never (n = 31) and former (n = 220) drinkers demonstrated significantly better cognitive performance on 3 (Trails B, Symbol Digit, and Hopkins Verbal Learning) of the 4 tests (P < .01 for all comparisons). In multiple linear regression models, current light to moderate drinking (ie, 7 or fewer drinks per week), as compared to a reference group of never and former drinkers, was associated with better performance on the Trails B, Symbol Digit, and Hopkins Verbal Learning tests (P < .01 for all comparisons). The number of years drinking 7 or fewer drinks per week also was independently associated with better cognitive performance. Current consumption of 7 or fewer drinks per week and the number of years drinking at this level are both associated with better cognitive performance in older male veterans receiving primary care. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that light to moderate drinking confers cognitive benefits to older persons.  相似文献   

17.
We tested the hypothesis that levels of CSF biomarkers associated with dementia and cognitive impairment are correlated with cognitive performance in non-demented Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Twenty-two non-demented patients with PD underwent neuropsychological testing and lumbar puncture to collect CSF. We correlated performance scores on the Logical Memory (delayed), Category Fluency, Digit Symbol, and Trails B minus A with CSF concentrations of amyloid (A) β(42), total tau (t-tau), Aβ(42)/t-tau, and Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF). We observed significant associations between performance on the Digit Symbol test and CSF levels of Aβ(42), Aβ(42)/t-tau, and BDNF, and between performance on the Category Fluency (vegetable) and Aβ(42)/t-tau. While several of these associations were attenuated by adjusting for age, our results suggest that it may be possible to use CSF biomarkers to characterize pathophysiologic processes underlying even mild cognitive deficits in non-demented PD patients.  相似文献   

18.
目的 探讨额叶肿瘤患者认知功能的损害和事件相关电位P300有关参数的变化特点,了解额叶在认知功能及P300产生中的作用.方法 对31例额叶肿瘤患者(左侧15例、右侧16例)及30例健康对照者分别进行Stroop字色干扰等多项认知神经心理学测试和P300检查.结果 与健康对照组相比,额叶肿瘤组认知功能各项测试指标评分均显著降低(P<0.05),P300的N2、P3波潜伏期显著延长(P<0.05),P3波幅显著降低(P<0.05).进一步研究发现,右额叶肿瘤组患者的各项认知测试指标评分均显著低于健康对照组(P<0.05),而左额叶肿瘤组只有词语流畅性指标评分显著低于健康对照组(P<0.05);与健康对照组相比,左、右额叶肿瘤组P300的N2、P3波潜伏期均显著延长(P<0.05),P3波幅均显著降低(P<0.05);左、右额叶肿瘤组患者之间的P300比较则无统计学差异(p>0.05).结论 额叶肿瘤患者认知功能有明显损害,右侧肿瘤患者的认知功能损害更严重:额叶可能与P300发生或传导有关,且左右额叶无明显的差异.  相似文献   

19.
A neuropsychological assessment was conducted to study cognition, with emphasis on memory, information processing/learning ability, and executive functions in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). A group of 20 boys with DMD, aged 7 to 14 years (mean age 9 years 5 months, SD 2 years 2 months), was contrasted with 17 normally developing age-matched comparison individuals, using specific neuropsychological tests (Block Span, Digit Span, Story Recall, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Rey Complex Figure Test, Spatial Learning Test, Verbal Fluency, Trail Making Test, Tower of London, Memory for Faces, and Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices). The DMD group performed significantly worse on all aspects of memory, learning, and executive functions. There was no significant difference in general intellectual ability between the two groups. Analyses of group differences indicate that problems in short-term memory are the most apparent, suggesting specific cognitive deficits. The differences between the groups were similar for both verbal-auditory and visuospatial tests, thus contradicting the idea that cognitive deficits are related to type of stimulus presented. It is concluded from this study that short-term memory deficits might play a critical role in the cognitive impairment and intellectual development seen in those with DMD.  相似文献   

20.
Ko YH  Joe SH  Cho W  Park JH  Lee JJ  Jung IK  Kim L  Kim SH 《Neuropsychobiology》2006,53(4):169-175
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of serum reproductive hormone levels with cognitive function and negative symptoms in schizophrenic women during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Thirty-five women with chronic schizophrenia who had minimal positive symptoms participated in this study. We evaluated the correlation of serum reproductive hormone levels with the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) and cognitive function tests such as the Immediate Visual Recognition Scale, Oral Fluency Test, List Recall Scale with List Acquisition Scale, Trail Making Tests A and B, and Digit Symbol Test. The patients were divided into two subgroups (low estradiol group and normal estradiol group) using the normal serum reference range for estradiol. Significant correlation between SANS subcategories, such as Alogia and Attention Impairment, and estradiol were found. Moreover, significant relationships between the estradiol level and the Oral Fluency Test, List Recall Scale with List Acquisition Scale, Trail Making Test B and Digit Symbol Test were observed. In the low estradiol group, the SANS scores, except for Anhedonia-Asociality and Avolition-Apathy, were significantly higher than those in the normal estradiol group. Patients in the low estradiol group had a significantly lower performance in the cognitive function tests, except Visual Recognition Scale, when compared to patients in the normal estradiol group. These results suggest that for schizophrenic women of reproductive age, lower levels of estrogen are associated with more severe negative symptomatology as well as reduced performance in cognitive function, especially verbal performance and executive functioning.  相似文献   

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