奥拉西坦对首发精神分裂症事件相关电位的影响

目的 研究奥拉西坦对首发精神分裂症患者神经认知功能的疗效.方法 将符合入组标准的精神分裂症首发患者80例随机分为研究组40例和对照组40例,对两组患者进行利培酮治疗,研究组同时合用奥拉西坦治疗.于治疗前、治疗后3个月进行事件相关电位检测、简明精神病评定量表(BPRS)评定.结果 (1)时间因素对P3潜伏期、P3波幅、P2潜伏期和P2波幅存在主效应(F＝26.032～129.961,P＜0.01);治疗因素对P3潜伏期、P3波幅和P2波幅存在主效应(F＝5.724～7.506,P＜0.05);治疗因素和时间因素对P3潜伏期、P3波幅和P2波幅存在交互作用(F＝17.162～26.984,P＜ 0.01).(2)经协方差分析控制疗前ERPs、疗前BPRS分数、受教育年限、年龄和病程的影响后,研究组P3潜伏期改变值、P3波幅改变值和P2波幅改变值均高于对照组(F=23.047～33.286,P＜0.01).结论 奥拉西坦能够改善精神分裂症患者的认知功能.     

精神分裂症患者事件相关电位P300改变对语词记忆能力的影响

目的探讨精神分裂症患者的语词记忆能力与认知电位之间的相互关系。方法对102例精神分裂症患者首先进行了听觉诱发电位P300测定，然后按有无P300潜伏期延长或/和波幅降低分为P300正常与异常组，再采用选择性提醒测验方法对其进行语词记忆测验。结果P300正常组30例在10次语词记忆测验中通过总例数28例，占93.3%，前6次通过的比例为56.7%；而P300异常组72例在10次语词记忆测验中通过的总例数只有43例，占59.7%，前6次通过的比例只有25%；两组之间的差异非常显著（P〈0.001）。P300异常组回忆总数、保持数、长时再现数及恒定长时再现数减少，而不恒定长时再现数、提醒总数及插入数显著增多，两组比较有显著性差异（P〈0.01）。结论P300异常的精神分裂症患者较P300正常的精神分裂症患者存在更严重的语词记忆障碍。     

精神分裂症认知控制的事件相关电位研究进展

事件相关电位(event-related brain potentials,ERP)因具有较高时间分辨率而经常被用来研究认知过程,而精神分裂症作为一种病因不明、预后欠佳的重性精神疾病,其认知控制损伤逐渐被研究者重视。本文对精神分裂症患者认知控制的ERP研究进行综述,并指出该研究领域还有待解决的问题及未来研究的方向。     

重复经颅磁刺激对精神分裂症患者事件相关电位的影响

目的:探讨重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)对精神分裂症患者事件相关脑电位(ERPs) N400、P300和失匹配负波(MMN)的影响。方法:给予85例精神分裂症患者(患者组)在原抗精神病药治疗的基础上联合rTMS治疗25次;于rTMS治疗前后进行N400、P300及MMN检测,结果进行自身对照及与76名健康志愿者(正常对照组)比较。结果:与正常对照组比较,患者组额区N400、P300和MMN潜伏期明显延迟、波幅明显降低(P 0.05或P 0.01);治疗后患者额区N400中同音异形异义潜伏期和异音异形异义波幅、额区MMN及P300波幅较治疗前明显提高(P均0.05)。结论:精神分裂症患者ERP指标异常,经rTMS治疗可明显改善N400、P300和MMN。     

精神分裂症患者事件相关电位研究

目的 :研究以阴性、阳性症状为主的精神分裂症患者的事件相关电位 (ERPs)。　方法 :将 2 2例阴性、 2 7例阳性未服药的精神分裂症患者和 17例正常对照组 ,进行 N1 0 0 、 P2 0 0 、 N2 0 0 、 P30 0 测查。　结果 :阴性组在 Fz,Cz,Pz,T7,T85个点的 P30 0 波幅显著低于和潜伏期明显长于正常对照组 ;阳性组在 Cz,Pz点的 P30 0 波幅低于正常对照组 (P<0 .0 5 )。 P30 0 的波幅与潜伏期在两组患者之间差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;阴性患者 N1 0 0 、N2 0 0 的波幅低于正常对照组 ;相关分析发现 ,阴性分量表分与 Fz的 P30 0波幅显著负相关 (r=— 0 .31,P<0 .0 5 ) ,与 T7、 T8点的潜伏期呈显著正相关 (r=0 .33,r=0 .35 ,P<0 .0 5 )。　结论 :以阳性、阴性症状为主的精神分裂症可能有不同的神经生物学基础。     

精神分裂症事件相关电位的研究

本对事件相关电位与精神分裂症患临床症状的关系、以及事件相关电位高分辨成像进行了综述。     

事件相关电位与精神分裂症疗效的相关性

目的:研究事件相关电位(ERPs)与精神分裂症疗效的相关性. 方法:对16例以阴性症状为主(阴性组),19例以阳性症状为主(阳性组),21例以其他精神分裂症为主(混合组)的患者和15名正常人(对照组)进行ERPs失匹配负波(MMN)及P300的测查.测查前3组患者均给予利醅酮治疗8周,于治疗前和治疗8周分别进行阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)评定. 结果:3组患者MMN和P300的波幅均低于对照组(P均<0.05),阳性组中左侧颢叶(T3)点、阴性组中额叶点(Fz)点MMN的波幅较其他点下降更为明显;3组中仅阴性组的MMN和P300潜伏期较对照组明显延长(P<0.05).阳性组中T3点及阴性组中Fz点MMN的波幅与PANSS减分率呈显著正相关(r=0.48、0.56,P<0.05);阴性组各点MMN的潜伏期与PANSS减分率呈显著负相关(r=-0.45、-0.56、-0.53、-0.54;P均<0.05),Fz点P300潜伏期与PANSS减分率呈明显负相关(r=-0.52,P<0.05),提示MMN的波幅越小,潜伏期越长,疗效越差;反之亦然. 结论:ERPs对某些精神分裂症的疗效具有一定的预测作用.     

事件相关电位P300对慢性精神分裂症认知功能的评估

目的：探讨事件相关电位P300在评估慢性精神分裂症认知功能中的价值。方法：应用事件相关电位P300、韦氏记忆量表（WMS）、韦氏成人智力量表（WAIS-RC）及威斯康星卡片分类测验（WCST）分别对60例慢性精神分裂症患者（患者组）与60名健康志愿者（对照组）进行测查,分析P300潜伏期、波幅与神经心理学测验成绩的相关性。结果：患者组P300潜伏期延长及波幅降低,言语智商、操作智商、韦氏记忆商、WCST各项指标均低于对照组（P〈0.05）。P300潜伏期与操作智商、持续性错误百分数、随机错误百分数呈负相关;波幅与短时记忆、随机错误百分数呈正相关。结论：慢性精神分裂症患者存在全面的认知功能损害,P300潜伏期和波幅可作为其客观评估指标。     

精神分裂症的认知功能障碍与事件相关电位的临床应用

本文对精神分裂症的认知功能损害及事件相关电位在该领域的应用的相关研究作一综述。     

Comparison of event related potentials with and without hypnagogic imagery

Abstract It is hypothesized that when hypnagogic imagery occurs, an appropriate attention may allocate to the imagery, resulting in the allocation of attention to the external tone stimuli being diminished. N3 amplitude of event related potentials (ERP) obtained a significant difference between the conditions with and without imagery. Arousal level of behavior and electroencephalography were not different between the conditions, therefore it is interpreted that the decrease of the N3 amplitude during imagining reflects the diminution of the allocation of attention to the external tone stimuli. Another late component of ERP, P3, did not make clear peaks in this study despite a large time constant (τ= 3.2 s) used for EEG records.     

抑郁症、焦虑症患者事件相关电位对照研究

目的:探讨抑郁症、焦虑症患者脑诱发电位的变异特点及临床应用价值.方法:共有46例抑郁症患者(抑郁症组)、41例焦虑症患者(焦虑症组)及42名健康志愿者(正常组),使用美国Nicolet Bravo脑电生理仪进行事件相关电位P300(P300)和关联性负变化(CNV)的检测.并于治疗2个月时对两患者组进行相同项目的随访.结果:与治疗前比较,抑郁症组P300靶N2、P3潜伏期缩短(P＜0.05),靶P3波幅升高(P＜0.01),CNV潜伏期M1缩短(P＜0.01),波幅M1、M2升高(P均＜0.05).焦虑症组P300靶P3潜伏期缩短(P＜0.05),CNV波幅M1下降(P＜0.05),指令信号后负变化(PINV)的出现率下降(P＜0.05).治疗后与正常组比较,抑郁症组P300非靶P2波幅偏低(P＜0.01),P300的双峰P2波和CNV的PINV出现率均偏高(P＜0.05～0.01);焦虑症组CNV的潜伏期M2缩短(P＜0.01).抑郁症组与焦虑症组治疗后比较在P300非靶P2波幅、双峰P2波出现率,CNV潜伏期M2和PINV出现率等指标之间差异有显著性(P均＜0.01).结论:抑郁症、焦虑症患者脑诱发电位有自己的变异特点,在诊断和鉴别诊断方面有一定的价值.     

Repetition priming effects for famous faces through dynamic causal modelling of latency‐corrected event‐related brain potentials

Repetition priming, that is, the repeated processing of a stimulus, facilitates performance. However, the neural underpinnings of repetition priming for famous faces in terms of effective connectivity are not known. Here we investigated this problem using dynamic causal modelling of latency‐corrected event‐related brain potentials (RERPs). Source waveforms of RERP‐derived sources in the Occipital Lobe, Fusiform Gyrus, Mediotemporal Lobe, Prefrontal Cortex and Anterotemporal Lobe of each hemisphere entered into models with only forward (F) or also with backward (FB) connections. Based on the framework of predictive coding formulated for repetition suppression, modulations of F and FB connections were expected for sources that displayed priming effects in their source waveforms. Hence, neural sources in each hemisphere were fitted with either F or FB connections. Inter‐hemispheric connections were considered between homologous areas and were allowed to be modulated in an incremental manner resulting in a model space that comprised of 24 models. Bayesian model averaging across models revealed effective bidirectional connectivity between the Fusiform Gyrus (face perception) and Prefrontal Cortex (decision‐making) in both hemispheres to be modulated by priming. In the left hemisphere, there is also a substantial involvement from the Mediotemporal Lobe, indicating the facilitation of automatic retrieval of the famous person's name. Furthermore, there is evidence that the priming is supported by connections from the right to the left Fusiform Gyri possibly in the service of inter‐hemispheric cooperation. Altogether, the study indicates that along with top–down modulations, efficient processing within and across the two hemispheres is crucial for famous face priming.     

Auditory event related potentials in patients with epilepsy on sodium valproate monotherapy

Objectives - The effects of antiepileptic drugs on event related potentials (ERPs) have been studied, but with contradictory results. In this study we examine the effect of sodium valproate (VPA) on ERPs in patients with epilepsy. Material and methods - Auditory event related potentials were recorded in 40 patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy, 20 on monotherapy with sodium valproate (VPA), 20 on monotherapy with carbamazepine and 20 age and sex matched controls. All subjects performed a simple auditory discrimination task in which a target tone was presented on 20% of the trials. Results - Mean P3 latency of the VPA group was significantly prolonged but not in carbamazepine group and healthy controls. Conclusion - We conclude that VPA monotherapy has an effect on P300 latency in patients with epilepsy. This difference might be attributed to effects of troatmeni with VPA and mav clarifv in the future the mechanism of P300.     

选择性视觉认知变化时事件相关电位的主成分分析

目的探讨"图形-背景"认知机制,将64通道记录电位分解成几个主要成分,为临床研究提供可视化图形和电位分布图。方法 32名平均年龄30.34士4.02岁的健康受试者,用鲁宾花瓶/少妇老太双层含义的两个图形作为刺激任务,64通道高密度记录ERP。采用主成分分析的统计方法对事件相关电位进行分析处理。结果同一图形两种含义刺激得到6个成分,图形认知含义变化相关波形主成分的位相翻转,从发生时间轴上看,100～450ms之间均有翻转的电位。结论 "图像-背景"认知从ERP最初的100ms成分就开始发生。电位相位反转并伴随整个电位过程,对临床研究有重要生理意义。     

维汉民族精神疾病患者事件相关电位视觉P300对照研究

目的：探讨维汉两民族精神分裂症、抑郁症、焦虑症患者事件相关电位视觉P300的临床应用价值及特点。方法：141例精神分裂症患者（精神分裂症组）、147例抑郁症患者（抑郁症组）、146例焦虑症患者（焦虑症组）和120名健康志愿者（对照组）,采用BrainMaster脑诱发电位系统进行视觉P300检测。结果：精神分裂症组P300各指标与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;抑郁症组除P2潜伏期外、焦虑症组除N1潜伏期外,其余各指标与对照组差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。维汉两民族P300各指标间差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：视觉P300能比较客观地反映精神疾病患者的认知功能,亦可用于维族人群。     

A negative component on event related potential recorded in the drowsy state

Abstract Behavior of event related potential (ERP) components in the drowsy state was examined in nine subjects using oddball paradigm. A component with peak latency of 300 msec, N300, was superimposed on ERP in the drowsy state. N300 appeared also in stage 1 of NREM sleep and closely resembled vertex sharp wave evoked by sound stimulation in both scalp distribution and peak latency. It was suggested that N300 recorded in the drowsy state and vertex sharp wave recorded in stage 1 of NREM sleep are generated by the identical synchronizing mechanism in the brain.     

40例颈动脉狭窄患者事件相关电位(P300)的探讨

目的:探讨与颈动脉狭窄(CAS)相关的认知功能障碍。方法:检测40例CAS患者听觉事件相关电位(P300),并与38例对照组对比。结果:CAS组的P300潜伏期异常率为57.5%。CAS组与对照组的P300相比,潜伏期显著延长,波幅降低,且与颈动脉狭窄程度相关。结论:CAS患者存在认知功能障碍,而且可用P300动态观察。     

Latent inhibition effects reflected in event-related brain potentials in healthy controls and schizophrenics

The present study examined the effects of pre-exposure of an irrelevant stimulus on reaction time and the contingent negative variation (CNV) in healthy controls and schizophrenic patients. In Phase I, subjects were either pre-exposed (PE) or not pre-exposed (NPE) to repeated presentations of an auditory probe stimulus (white noise), while engaged in counting auditory nonsense syllables. In Phase II, all subjects were required to produce a rapid motor response to a visual imperative stimulus that was preceded by the previously irrelevant auditory stimulus. During Phase II in controls, for PE as compared to NPE subjects, the build-up of CNV across trials was delayed. In schizophrenics, for both PE and NPE subjects, there was no pre-exposure effect on the CNV component. These findings indicate that ERPs may be useful in explicating the normal latent inhibition effect (poor associative learning to a stimulus after it has been passively pre-exposed) and its disruption in schizophrenia.