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1.
目的:对上海市浦东新区慢性躯体疾病老年人共病抑郁障碍的患病率及其易感因素进行调查。方法:随机抽取浦东新区常住≥60岁老人3311名,对确诊患有慢性躯体疾病的1860例老人应用美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-Ⅳ)轴I障碍定式临床检查患者版(SCID-I/P)作为诊断工具进行调查。结果:1860例老人中抑郁障碍时点患病率为10.91%(203例),其中恶劣心境119例(6.40%),重性抑郁发作84例(4.51%),男∶女=1∶1.05。共病抑郁障碍的患病率以高龄、独居、文化程度较高、家庭关系和邻里关系紧张、经济困难以及多种躯体疾病者为高(P均<0.01)。Logistic回归分析显示,高龄、独居、文化程度高、家庭关系紧张、多种躯体疾病是共病抑郁障碍的独立相关风险因素(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:上海市浦东新区慢性躯体疾病老年人随着疾病增多,共病抑郁障碍增加。  相似文献   

2.
目的 分析河北省中年人不同睡眠特征人群现患慢性病情况以及生活饮食、行为方式, 探究睡眠与躯体慢性疾病的潜在关系。方法 2018 年6—9 月采用分层、整群随机抽样方法对河北 省18 岁及以上人群进行调查,共纳入5 733 名被试。评估工具包括一般情况调查表、既往躯体疾病与 精神科疾病史、阿森斯失眠量表问卷、不宁腿综合征问卷、睡眠呼吸暂停-柏林问卷、发作性睡病量表 等。根据是否为短睡眠、失眠障碍分为4 组[对照组(4 343 名,75.8%)、单纯短睡眠组(526 名,9.2%)、非 短睡眠的失眠障碍组(365 名,6.4%)、短睡眠的失眠障碍组(499 名,8.7%)],分析4 组慢性病患病率及慢 性病的风险因素。结果 各组间高血压、糖尿病、脑血管疾病患病率差异有统计学意义(均P < 0.05), 对照组慢性病患病率最低,单纯短睡眠组、非短睡眠的失眠障碍组、短睡眠的失眠障碍组分别与对照组 比较,慢性病患病率差异均有统计学意义(均P < 0.05)。不同年龄、性别、体质指数、城乡居民、教育程 度、职业、摄盐习惯、是否吸烟、饮酒情况、体育锻炼情况4 组间差异均有统计学意义(均P < 0.05)。在 调整了年龄、性别、体质指数、城乡、居住方式、教育程度、职业、摄盐习惯、吸烟饮酒情况、体育锻炼情 况后,Logistic 回归分析结果显示非短睡眠的失眠障碍和短睡眠的失眠障碍是患高血压[OR(95%CI)值 分别为2.074(1.606~2.679)、1.689(1.346~2.121)]和糖尿病[OR(95%CI)值分别为2.273(1.508~3.426)、 1.805(1.244~2.621)]的危险因素(均P< 0.01);单纯短睡眠、非短睡眠的失眠障碍和短睡眠的失眠障 碍均是脑血管疾病的危险因素[OR(95%CI)值分别为1.826(1.203~2.770),2.149(1.389~3.324),1.613 (1.068~2.434);均P< 0.05]。结论 短睡眠者与失眠障碍对躯体的影响可能不同,失眠障碍是高血压、 糖尿病的危险因素,而短睡眠和失眠障碍均是脑血管疾病的危险因素  相似文献   

3.
目的:了解山东省莱芜市精神障碍流行病学状况。方法:采用初级单位含量比例分层、整群、随机抽样方法对≥15岁的莱芜市城乡居民进行扩展的一般健康问卷(GHQ-12)评分,并根据评分(≥4分、1~3分、0分)分为精神障碍的高、中、低危险组;采用《美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第4版轴I障碍定式临床检查患者版(SCID-I/P)对100%的高危组、40%的中危组及10%的低危组人群进行精神障碍诊断。结果:共有6 314位城乡居民完成调查,高、中、低危险组分别有1 033、395、4 886人;精神障碍时点总患病率为13.87%,终身患病率16.45%。精神障碍患病率依次为焦虑障碍3.91%(247例)其中创伤及应激相关障碍1.14%(72例)、心境障碍3.10%(196例)、酒精依赖2.33%(147例)、精神分裂症1.47%(93例)、躯体疾病所致精神障碍1.10%(70例)、精神发育迟滞0.97%(61例)、痴呆0.03%(21例)、躯体形式障碍0.65%(41例);其中心境障碍和焦虑障碍的患病率女性明显高于男性,酒精依赖患病率男性显著高于女性,农村高于城市;创伤及应激相关障碍和躯体形式障碍患病率较高。结论:莱芜市精神障碍流行病学调查发现:心境障碍、精神分裂症患病率较高,是国家公共卫生工作防治的重点;以酒精依赖、焦虑障碍,创伤及应激相关障碍、躯体形式障碍等轻型精神障碍患病率也较高,值得重视。  相似文献   

4.
西安地区老年人帕金森病患病率调查   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
目的:了解西安地区55岁以上老年人帕金森病(PD)的流行状况,方法:E要用多级分层随机整群抽样方法,于1997-09-1998-12在西安地区调查了4850名55岁以上的老年人。结果:发现PD38例,55岁以上老年人的患病率为783.5/10万。男女患病率分别为1029.4/10万、605.0/10万,男女患病率之比为1.70:1,统计学处理差异无显著性(P=0.098);但同一年龄组,患病率男性均高于女性;随年龄的增大,PD患病率随之升高,但女性在85岁以上未发现PD患者;城市与农村PD的患病率分别为634.5/10万,980.0/10万,两者之间差异无显著性(P>0.05);随文化程度升高,男性PD患病率随之降低,结论:西安地区帕金森病的患病率处于较高水平,患病率随年龄增大而升高,PD患者男性略高于女性,女性85岁以上患病率低有待于进一步研究,文化程度对男性PD患病率可能有一定影响,职业对PD患病率影响不大。  相似文献   

5.
住院抑郁症患者糖尿病患病率调查   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
目的:调查抑郁症患者糖尿病的患病率,分析与2型糖尿病患病率有关的危险因素。方法:以2003年内的抑郁症出院病例为研究对象,以世界卫生组织关于糖尿病的诊断标准(1997年)观察血糖和血脂的动态变化,了解抑郁症患者中糖尿病的患病率;用Logistic回归分析影响糖尿病发生的相关因素。结果:248例抑郁症患者中糖尿病患者为27例,抑郁症患者中糖尿病的患病率为10.9%;进入单因素非条件Logistic回归方程的有性别、年龄、文化程度、高脂血症、伴发躯体疾病数目和抑郁症发病诱因;选入多因素非条件Logistic回归方程的有高脂血症、伴发躯体疾病数目和抑郁症发病诱因。结论:抑郁症患者中糖尿病的患病率为10.9%,高脂血症、伴发躯体疾病数目和发病诱因是抑郁症合并糖尿病的独立危险因素。  相似文献   

6.
目的通过对焦虑障碍患者个性倾向、自我效能感、焦虑特质等影响因素的相关研究,探讨不同性别不同文化程度焦虑障碍患者的心理特征。方法采用病例对照研究,对144例焦虑障碍患者和144例健康人利用中国人个性量表-情感量表(CPA12-E),贝克焦虑自评量表(BAI)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、焦虑-状态特质问卷(STAI)、自我效能感量表(GSES)评定。结果(1)女性患者抑郁因子、躯体紧张子因子分高于男性(P〈0.05),而男性的性兴趣因子得分高于女性,差异具有显著性意义(P〈0.05或P〈0.01);(2)不同文化程度焦虑障碍患者躯体症状因子和躯体化因子得分存在显著差异(P〈0.05),文化程度较低者得分较高。结论(1)男性性习惯趋向不良高于女性,而女性抱怨等消极情感倾向和敏感、易激惹的躯体症状倾向突出,自我效能感更低;(2)低文化程度患者较多存在躯体症状和躯体化个性倾向。  相似文献   

7.
目的调查驻马店市首发男性精神分裂症患者的流行病学特点。方法采用分层多级随机抽样法选取3650名驻马店市男性居民,以中文版复合性国际诊断问卷3.0(CIDI 3.0)作为筛查工具,国际疾病及相关健康问题分类第10版(ICD-10)作为诊断标准,统计男性首发精神分裂症患病率,并收集年龄、婚姻状况、吸烟史、家庭经济收入、阳性家族史、受教育程度、户籍性质等临床资料,分析男性首发精神分裂症相关影响因素及独立危险因素。结果 3650名驻马店市男性居民中,92例确诊为首发精神分裂症,总患病率为2.52%(92/3650),其中时点患病率1.21%(44/3650),终生患病率1.32%(48/3650);经Logistic回归分析可知,单身(未婚、离异、丧偶)、存在阳性家族史、伴有吸烟史、家庭经济收入偏低、受教育程度低、农村户籍是男性首发精神分裂症的独立危险因素(P0.05)。结论驻马店市男性首发精神分裂症患病率高,与单身(未婚、离异、丧偶)、存在阳性家族史、伴有吸烟史、家庭经济收入偏低、受教育程度低、农村户籍等因素密切相关。  相似文献   

8.
帕金森病患者睡眠障碍相关因素分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的 探讨帕金森病患者睡眠障碍的临床表现及影响其睡眠质量的相关因素.方法 选取无锡市第四人民医院神经内科2009-01-2013-05确诊的帕金森病患者95例,采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)判定患者是否睡眠障碍,通过症状自评量表(SCL-90)比较睡眠障碍有无患者身心健康状况,通过日常生活能力量表(ADL)比较睡眠障碍有无患者之间的差异.结果 本组患者睡眠障碍55例,发生率为58.00%.男女比1∶1.29,女性发生率高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).其中,≥70岁睡眠障碍患者32例(68.05%),50~69岁睡眠障碍20例(50.00%),〈50岁睡眠障碍3例(37.50%).帕金森病Ⅳ~Ⅴ期患者睡眠障碍39例(39/52,75.00%),其次发生在Ⅱ~Ⅲ期13例(13/33,39.39%),发生在Ⅰ期3例(3/10,30.00%).晚期(Ⅳ~Ⅴ期)帕金森病患者睡眠障碍发生率为75.00%,明显高于早期帕金森病患者的30.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);帕金森病后睡眠障碍患者SCL-90 指标、ADL指标明显差于帕金森病后无睡眠障碍患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 帕金森病患者易发生睡眠障碍,其发生率与性别、年龄、疾病进展程度有关,睡眠障碍可导致患者抑郁、焦虑、生活质量明显下降,临床治疗应做好相应措施.  相似文献   

9.
目的 调查躁狂症患者糖尿病的患病率,分析与糖尿病有关的危险因素.方法 以2003年1月~12月符合CCMD-3诊断标准的躁狂症出院病例为研究对象,以WHO关于糖尿病的诊断标准(1997年),观察血糖和血脂的动态变化,了解躁狂症患者中糖尿病的患病率;用Logistic回归分析影响糖尿病发生的相关因素.结果 86例躁狂症患者中糖尿病患者为8例,躁狂症患者中糖尿病的患病率为9.3%,进入单因素Logistic回归方程的有年龄、住院次数、高脂血症、伴发躯体疾病数目和躁狂症发病诱因;Logistic多因素回归方程的有年龄、高脂血症.结论 躁狂症患者中糖尿病的患病率为9.3%,年龄、高脂血症是躁狂症发生糖尿病的独立危险因素.  相似文献   

10.
保定市焦虑障碍流行病学调查   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的:了解保定市焦虑障碍的患病率和分布特点。方法:于2004年10月至2005年5月采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法随机抽取≥18岁的人群,共10073名,用扩展的一般健康问卷(GHQ-12)将调查对象分为高、中、低危险组,采用美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-Ⅳ)轴Ⅰ障碍定式临床检查患者版(SCID)对调查对象进行焦虑障碍的诊断。结果:共9021人完成调查,焦虑障碍的终生患病率为45.12‰,时点患病率为41.79‰,5种常见的焦虑障碍是未特定的焦虑障碍(分别是25.72‰及25.39‰)、创伤后应激障碍(5.65‰及3.66‰)、广泛性焦虑症(仅现患6.43‰)、特殊恐怖症(5.10‰及4.43‰)和惊恐障碍(3.44‰及2.66‰)。时点患病率:女性(54.21‰)明显高于男性(29.73‰)(P〈0.01);50~59岁患病率最高(58.39‰),20~29岁最低(23.07‰)。Logistic回归分析显示,焦虑障碍的易患危险因素为女性、年龄40-69岁、低文化、低收入。焦虑障碍的精神科就诊率为1.86‰。结论:焦虑障碍是保定市常见的一类精神障碍,患病率高,而其精神卫生服务利用率低。  相似文献   

11.
山东省18岁及其以上人群睡眠质量的现况调查   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的 调查山东省≥18岁人群睡眠质量现状和睡眠质量问题的发生率,探讨不同人群的睡眠质量特点.方法 采用多阶段分层整群系统随机抽样方法对全省≥18岁人群进行抽样,共抽取23 987人,实际完成问卷调查22 664人(94.48%).以匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)总分>7分为有睡眠质量问题.结果 (1)山东省≥18岁人群的平均睡眠时间为(7.9±1.4)h.PSQI评分为(3.42±3.57)分,其中农村[(3.46±3.61)分]高于城市[(3.30±3.43)分;经校正,t=3.03,P<0.01];女性[(3.67±3.79)分]高于男性[(3.13±3.26)分,P<0.01];随着年龄的增长PSQI评分上升,18~39岁人群[(2.25±2.61)分]低于40-59岁人群[(3.63±3.61)分]和≥60岁人群[(5.27±4.16)分;P<0.01].(2)2973例(13.18%)有睡眠质量问题,其中女性有睡眠质量问题的发生率(15.57%,1902例)高于男性(10.36%,1071例;x2=132.96);随着年龄的增长睡眠质量问题发生率亦高,18~39岁者(5.20%,451例)低于40~59岁者(14.11%,1333例),亦低于≥60岁者(26.81%,1189例;x2=1 208.70);农村人群(13.69%,2316例)高于城市人群(11.66%,657例;x2=15.29);婚姻状况不良者和低文化程度人群(受教育年限0~6年)睡眠质量问题的发生率高,上述差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01).结论 山东省≥18岁人群的睡眠质量问题已成为明显的心理健康问题.  相似文献   

12.
目的调查山东省18岁及以上人群精神障碍的患病率及其分布特点。方法于2015年在山东省49个县(市、区)开展精神障碍流行病学调查,采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,抽取山东省≥18岁人群28 000人,利用修订的一般健康问卷进行筛查,将调查对象分为精神障碍高危和低危人群,采用DSM-Ⅳ、SCID-Ⅰ/P或MMSE对高危人群进行疾病诊断,随机抽取10%的低危人群进行有无精神障碍的诊断。计算患病率并根据研究设计和抽样人口的特征调整患病率和95%的可信区间。采用χ2检验和Fisher确切概率法对组间患病率差异进行比较。结果完成调查27 489人,调整后精神障碍患病率为17.46% (95%CI 17.02%~17.89%)。各类精神障碍中患病率排在前五位的分别是物质使用障碍(5.29%)、心境障碍(4.47%)、焦虑障碍(4.46%)、智力及缘于躯体和物质的障碍(1.91%)和精神病性障碍(1.12%),其中最常见的是酒精使用障碍(5.27%)和重性抑郁障碍(2.14%)。男性精神障碍患病率高于女性(23.37%与13.89%;χ2=408.91,P<0.01)。农村居民精神障碍的患病率与城市居民之间的差异无统计学意义(17.69%与17.20%;χ2=1.05,P=0.305)。26.12%(1 047/4 008)的精神障碍患者有中等到严重的功能损害,仅有10.98%(428/3 898)曾经寻求过专业帮助。结论山东省18岁及以上人群精神障碍患病率与国内同类研究结果基本一致,男性高于女性,城乡无差异;常见的精神障碍为酒精使用障碍、重性抑郁障碍、未特定焦虑障碍、未特定抑郁障碍。  相似文献   

13.
BackgroundAlthough it is well recognized that the prevalence of sleep complaints increases with age, estimates in developing countries are still unknown. The present study aims to estimate the prevalence and prevalence ratios of the correlates of sleep complaints in a large population of older adults from low and middle income countries (LAMICs).MethodsA cross-sectional survey was performed in 16,680 65 year-old or older residents in catchment areas of Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Peru, Venezuela, Mexico, China, India, and Puerto Rico (10/66 Dementia Research Group study). Information about socio-demographic factors, lifestyle, health, and sleep complaints was obtained. Results were standardized by age, sex, household clustering, and residence site (urban or rural). Prevalence ratios were derived for each country and fixed effects meta-analyses were used to combine them.ResultsThe standardized prevalence of sleep complaints varied from 9.1% (China) to 37.7% (India). The meta-analysis showed that female gender, urban residence, low educational level, low physical activity status, high pain scores, poor health, higher memory impairment score, presence of major depression, mild cognitive impairment, and high number of co-morbidities were associated with sleep complaints.ConclusionsThis study robustly characterized the prevalence of sleep complaints in large samples of the elderly in LAMICs and identified potential risk factors that may be specific to these populations. This approach can help to direct health-care efforts related to sleep disturbances in these countries.  相似文献   

14.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of and risk factors for self-reported sleep complaints in the elderly. METHOD: A cross-sectional interview study was conducted in a total of 2045 non-institutionalized older individuals aged 65 years or above of an urban community of Taiwan. RESULTS: The prevalence of one-month insomnia was 6% overall with a higher rate in elderly women (8%) than men (4.5%). Frequent use of hypnotics over the past month was 8.4%. Among specific sleep complaints, poor sleep quality was the most commonly reported symptom, followed by difficulty falling asleep and difficulty maintaining sleep or early morning awakenings. Increasing age did not correlate with an increased rate of insomnia and female gender was not an independent risk factor. Factors associated with insomnia for both genders were nocturnal micturation (OR = 20.6) and regular use of hypnotics (OR = 3.2). Pulmonary disease (OR = 2.7), not married (OR = 2.3), excessive daytime sleepiness (OR = 2.4), and mental illness (OR = 8.6) were risk factors for men while lack of education (OR = 1.8) and body pain (OR = 2.6) were risk factors for women. Depression (OR = 2.2) was strongly associated with insomnia in the elderly women as well. CONCLUSIONS: There was a low insomnia prevalence rate in the urban elderly community. Identified insomniacs required treatment of physical and mental problems, particularly in gender-specific risk factors. For those who complained of putative poor sleep quality symptom, early intervention may halt their progress of sleep disturbance and avoid unnecessary benzodiazepine use. Future longitudinal studies to investigate causes of insomnia, as well as its detrimental effects on mood and health, are warranted.  相似文献   

15.
ObjectivesThis study examines the distribution of sleep disorder prevalence across socioeconomic status (SES) and investigates the relationship between sleep disorders and hypertension among southwest China's rural older adult population.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted in rural Yunnan Province, China from 2017 to 2018, consisting of 4833 consenting participants aged ≥60 years. Each participant completed a structured interview and had their blood pressure measured. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Multivariate logistic regression was used to model variations in prevalence of sleep disorders and hypertension.ResultsIn the study population, the prevalence rates of sleep disorders and hypertension were 46.5% and 50.3%, respectively. Women had higher prevalence of both chronic illnesses (53.4% vs. 38.7%, 53.1% vs. 47.6%, P < 0.01). After adjusting for age, sex, and residential status, older adults of minority ethnicity had a higher prevalence of sleep disorders than the Han ethnic majority (P < 0.01). Attainment of higher levels of education and lower annual household income were also associated with a greater risk of sleep disorders (P < 0.01). Further, logistic regression analysis indicated that older adults with sleep disorders had a greater risk of being hypertensive (P < 0.01).ConclusionsSleep disorders are highly prevalent in rural southwest China. Future interventions to improve sleep quality would benefit from tailoring to address individual SES. Improving sleep quality profoundly reduces prevalence of hypertension.  相似文献   

16.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the occurrence and recognition of common sleep-related problems and their relationship to health-related quality-of-life measures in the elderly. METHOD: A total of 1,503 participants with a mean age of 75.5 (+/- 6.8, range: 62-100) years from 11 primary care sites serving primarily elderly patients were interviewed. Subjects completed a five-item sleep questionnaire and the SF-12. A Physical Component Summary (PCS-12) and Mental Component Summary (MCS-12) score was calculated. A systematic medical chart review was conducted to determine whether sleep problems were identified by the healthcare providers. RESULTS: A total of 68.9% of patients reported at least one sleep complaint and 40% had two or more. Participants most commonly endorsed (45%) that they had "difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or being able to sleep." The number and type of sleep problems endorsed was associated with both physical and mental health quality-of-life status. Excessive daytime sleepiness was the best predictor of poor mental and physical health-related quality of life. Even when all five sleep questions were endorsed, a sleep complaint was only reported in the chart 19.2% of the time. CONCLUSIONS: When elicited, sleep complaints predicted the general physical and mental health-related quality-of-life status in elderly populations with comorbid medical and mental illnesses. Yet, questions regarding sleep are not an integral component of most clinical evaluations. Given the growing evidence of a relationship between sleep and health, identification of sleep disorders could lead to improved management of common age-related chronic illnesses and quality of life of elderly patients.  相似文献   

17.
ObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence of sleep abnormalities and their association with hypothyroidism and metabolic risk factors in a relatively lean urban South Indian population.MethodsThis population-based, cross-sectional study was carried out in the urban population of Chennai, one of the largest metropolitan cities of India. Phase 1 was conducted in the field and involved a door-to-door survey of 26,000 individuals. In phase 2, every tenth subject recruited in phase 1 (n = 2600) was invited to our centre for detailed anthropometric and biochemical measurements. For the current study, a subset of 358 subjects with positive family history of hypothyroidism was randomly selected. A validated questionnaire assessing various sleep abnormalities (snoring, daytime sleepiness, lack of refreshing sleep and number of hours of sleep) was administered. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements were obtained to assess metabolic risk factors including thyroid status.ResultsSnorers were more often male, older, smokers and had higher BMI, neck circumference, blood pressures, and hypothyroidism. Out of 358 patients, 133 had impaired thyroid function (37.1%) and 64 patients had both snoring and impaired thyroid function (17.8%). Subjects with daytime sleepiness had higher BMI and neck obesity. The overall prevalence of snoring and daytime sleepiness was 52% and 64%, respectively. Both sleep measures were associated with hypothyroid status. Metabolic syndrome was significantly associated with snoring even after adjusting for age, sex, family history of hypothyroidism, physical activity, smoking and alcohol.ConclusionsThe prevalence of snoring and daytime sleepiness is high among urban South Indians who are relatively lean. Both disorders are associated with hypothyroidism, although these associations were stronger in those with obesity. Based on our case prevalence and the other reports cited previously, we can reasonably conclude that thyroid screening of sleep clinic patients is essential.  相似文献   

18.
多种精神障碍患者睡眠质量的调查   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的 研究精神障碍患者的睡眠特点和规律.方法 以河北省精神疾病流行病学现场抽样调查中符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版诊断标准的13种精神障碍患者1874例(患者组)为研究样本.以调查中元任何精神障碍者15 117名为正常对照(对照组),采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数中国修订版,评定两组最近1个月的睡眠质量,以>7分为有睡眠问题;采用功能大体评定量表评定社会生活功能.结果 (1)患者组有睡眠问题的发生率为48.61%(911例),高于正常人(5.55%,839例;P<0.01),其中以抑郁症者(69.92%)和广泛性焦虑障碍者(58.27%)为重.(2)患者组的睡眠质量问题表现为人睡时间长[(50±60)min]、总睡眠时间短[(7.1±4.3)h;P<0.01],对照组分别为(20±26)min和(8.4±2.4)h;抑郁症、心境恶劣障碍和广泛性焦虑障碍者早醒明显.(3)精神分裂症者[(1.0±1.4)分]和双相障碍者的[(0.7±1.3)分]催眠药物评分较高.(4)抑郁症[(1.8±1.2)分]和双相障碍[(1.6±1.3)分]患者日间功能最差.(5)患者组有睡眠问题者较无睡眠问题者的年龄偏大,教育水平低,功能损害更严重,女性多于男性,丧偶、农民、离退休、病退和家庭妇女有睡眠问题者较多.结论 精神障碍患者睡眠障碍发生率高,表现为人睡困难和总睡眠时间短,其中抑郁症患者最为明显;有睡眠问题受多种因素的影响.  相似文献   

19.
BACKGROUND: Published studies of prevalence of depression in old age in Taiwan have yielded equivocal results. AIMS: To study the prevalence of depressive disorders among community-dwelling elderly; further, to assess socio-demographic correlates and life events in relation to depression. METHOD: A randomised sample of 1500 subjects aged 65 and over was selected from three communities. Research psychiatrists conducted all assessments using the Geriatric Mental State Schedule. The diagnosis of depression was made with the GMS-AGECAT (Automated Geriatric Examination for Computerised Assisted Taxonomy); data on life events were collected with the Taiwanese version of the Life Events and Difficulties Schedule. RESULTS: One-month prevalence of psychiatric disorders was 37.7%, with 15.3% depressive neurosis and 5.9% major depression. A high risk of depressive disorders was found among widows with a low educational level living in the urban community, and among those with physical illnesses. CONCLUSIONS: Contrary to most previous reports, we found that the prevalence of depressive disorders among the elderly in the community in Taiwan is high and comparable to rates reported in some studies of UK samples.  相似文献   

20.
BACKGROUND: Periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) and restless legs syndrome (RLS) are two sleep disorders characterized by abnormal leg movements and are responsible for deterioration in sleep quality. However, the prevalence of these disorders is not well known in the general population. This study aims to document the prevalence of RLS and PLMD in the general population and to identify factors associated with these conditions. METHODS: Cross-sectional studies were performed in the UK, Germany, Italy, Portugal and Spain. Overall, 18,980 subjects aged 15 to 100 years old representative of the general population of these five European countries underwent telephone interviews with the Sleep-EVAL system. A section of the questionnaire assessed leg symptoms during sleep. The diagnoses of PLMD and RLS were based on the minimal criteria provided by the International Classification of Sleep Disorders. RESULTS: The prevalence of PLMD was 3.9% and RLS was 5.5%. RLS and PLMD were higher in women than in men. The prevalence of RLS significantly increased with age. In multivariate models, being a woman, the presence of musculoskeletal disease, heart disease, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, cataplexy, doing physical activities close to bedtime and the presence of a mental disorder were significantly associated with both disorders. Factors specific to PLMD were: being a shift or night worker, snoring, daily coffee intake, use of hypnotics and stress. Factors solely associated with RLS were: advanced age, obesity, hypertension, loud snoring, drinking at least three alcoholic beverages per day, smoking more than 20 cigarettes per day and use of SSRI. CONCLUSIONS: PLMD and RLS are prevalent in the general population. Both conditions are associated with several physical and mental disorders and may negatively impact sleep. Greater recognition of these sleep disorders is needed.  相似文献   

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